TY - JOUR T1 - Cellular stress reactions assessed by gender and species in spiders from areas variously polluted with heavy metals JF - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Y1 - 2008 A1 - Wilczek, Grazyna A1 - Babczynska, Agnieszka A1 - Wilczek, Piotr A1 - Dolezych, Bogdan A1 - Migula, Pawel A1 - Mlynska, Hanna SP - 127 EP - 137 KW - [Cytology / Apoptosis & necrosis / ] [Pollutants / Midgut gland heavy KW - [Digestive system / / ] [Sex differences / / ] [Grassland / Meadows / KW - ] [Metal pollution / Heavy metal pollution / ] [Metals / / ] [Poland / KW - Abiotic KW - Agelena labyrinthica KW - Agelena labyrinthica (Araneae). KW - Biochemistry KW - Chemical factors KW - Chemical pollution KW - Cytology KW - Digestive system KW - Eurasia KW - Europe KW - factors KW - Habitat KW - Land zones KW - Linyphia triangularis KW - Linyphia triangularis (Araneae). KW - metal content / ] [Proteins / Antioxidant parameters / ] [Enzymes / / ] KW - Olkusz & Pilica / ]. KW - Palaearctic region KW - Pollution KW - Proteins KW - Reproduction KW - Terrestrial habitat KW - Xerolycosa nemoralis KW - Xerolycosa nemoralis (Araneae). AB - In the funnel web spider Agelena labyrinthica (Agelenidae; A. l.), sheet web spider Linyphia triangularis (Linyphiidae; L. t.) and wolf spider Xerolycosa nemoralis (Lycosidae; X. n.) from two differently polluted meadow sites in southern Poland, we studied the relations between antioxidant parameters (glutathione, GSH; glutathione peroxidases, GPOX, GSTPx; catalase, CAT; stress proteins-Hsp70, metallothioneins Mts), the intensity of apoptosis and necrosis, and heavy metal burdens of the midgut gland. Cellular reactions against stress caused by pollutants seemed to be sex-dependent. The concentrations of Zn and Cu in the midgut glands of male A. l. and X. n. were more than double that of the females, from both study sites. In male spiders from the heavily polluted site, both negative correlations (activity of caspase-3-like proteins vs Cu, Zn concentration; number of depolarized mitochondria vs Cu concentration) and positive correlations (number of necrotic cells vs Cu concentrations; activity of CAT vs Zn) were noted. The defense of males against high metal content and its prooxidative effects is based mainly on GSH and CAT. In females the antioxidative reactions are species-specific and depend mainly on high peroxidase activity and on stress protein level. The increase in the number of apoptotic cells in the midgut gland of female spiders from the heavily polluted site suggests the defensive role of this process in maintaining the proper functioning of this organ. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. VL - 70 SN - 0147-6513 UR - ://ZOOREC:ZOOR14410058564 N1 - ZOOR14410058564 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative immunodetection of metallothioneins in relation to metals concentration in spiders from variously polluted areas JF - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Y1 - 2011 A1 - Babczynska, Agnieszka A1 - Wilczek, Grazyna A1 - Szulinska, Elzbieta A1 - Franiel, Izabella SP - 1498 EP - 1503 KW - Agelena labyrinthica KW - Agelena labyrinthica (Araneae). KW - Araneus diadematus KW - Araneus diadematus (Araneae). KW - Biochemical techniques KW - Biochemistry KW - Chemical KW - Eurasia KW - Europe KW - Land zones KW - Linyphia triangularis (Araneae). KW - Linyphia triangularis [Assay KW - Metallothioneins content / ] [Metal pollution / / ] [Poland / South / KW - Palaearctic region KW - Pollution KW - Techniques KW - techniques / ELISA / ] [Pollutants / Metals content / ] [Proteins / AB - Spiders inhabiting post industrial environments, such as waste heaps or ore-bearing areas, are exposed to high concentrations of metals, accumulated in the body of their prey and transferred along food chains. Therefore spiders are pressed to develop metal-neutralization strategies. Low-molecular, multifunction proteins: metallothioneins (MTs), often postulated as biomarkers of metal exposure, are known to bind metals and thus protect organisms against their toxic effects. Yet the proteins are still not well recognized in spiders. The aim of this study was to assess, by immunodetection method, ELISA, the concentration of metallothioneins in adult females of three web building spider species: Araneus diadematus (Araneidae), Agelena labyrinthica (Agelenidae) and Linyphia triangularis (Linyphiidae) from three variously polluted areas in southern Poland: Olkusz, ore-bearing post industrial site; Katowice[long dash]WeLnowiec: post metallurgic waste heap, Pilica: the reference, rural, area. The concentration of metallothioneins has been analyzed in relation to the metal concentration in spiders body. The study gives the evidence that metallothioneins are reliably detectable by means of ELISA technique. The analysis of results obtained shows a strong species-dependence of the MTs level. Positive correlations between MTs concentration and metal body burden (mainly Zn and Pb) were found. This suggests that the proteins play an important role in the neutralization and regulation of metal ions in spiders. The same correlation indicate the possibility to consider MTs in spiders as biomarkers of metal exposure and effects. However, the species specificity as well as metal characteristics should be taken under account. VL - 74 SN - 0147-6513 UR - ://ZOOREC:ZOOR14802016758 N1 - ZOOR14802016758 ER -