TY - JOUR T1 - On European Spiders. Part I. Review of the European Genera of Spiders, preceded by some observations on Zoological Nomenclature JF - Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. ser. 3 Y1 - 1869 A1 - Thorell, T. SP - pp. 1 EP - 242 KW - (Blackw.) = Ox. littoralis (Sim.) as its type KW - (C. Koch) KW - (Cambr.)]. KW - (Cl.) KW - (Cl.) the type of Ctenus is Ctenus dubius (Walck.) Peucetia substitued KW - (Cl.)]. KW - (De G.) KW - (Keys. nec KW - (Koch) KW - (Koch), (See Table, p. 148.) Type, Attus formicaeformis, (Luc.)]. KW - (Linn.)]. KW - (Luc.)]. KW - (Luc) KW - (Panz.)]. KW - (Rossi) KW - (see p. 156)]. KW - (See Table, p. 149.) Type, A. sanguinolenta, (Linn.)]. KW - (See Table, p. 151.) Type, A. margaritatus, (Cl.)]. KW - (Sund.) KW - (Walck.) KW - (Walck.)]. KW - (Westr.) KW - = Aulonia alacris KW - = Aulonia silvicola KW - = Stalita taenaria KW - 13-guttata KW - 151.) Type, Xysticus depressus, (Koch)]. KW - 4-guttatum, (Hahn), = Amaurobius kochii, (Auss.), =?, Ther. obscurum, KW - A. cellulanus - (Cl.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - A. corollota KW - acuminatum KW - Aelurops (Araneae): [Gen nov KW - Agalenoidae KW - Agalenoidae (Araneae). KW - Agelena KW - Agelena (Araneae). KW - Agelena celans KW - Agelena celans (Araneae). KW - Agelenidae KW - Agelenidae (Araneae). KW - Agelenidae gracilipes - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Agelenidae spinimana - (Sund.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Agroeca KW - Agroeca - (Westr.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Amaurobiinae KW - Amaurobiinae (Araneae). KW - Amaurobius KW - Amaurobius - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Amaurobius kochii - (Auss.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - and Oxyopes has O. KW - Anyphaena KW - Anyphaena (Araneae). KW - Apostenus KW - Apostenus - (Westr.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Apostenus saxatilis - (Auss.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Araneae KW - Araneae (Arachnida). KW - Arctosa KW - Arctosa (Araneae). KW - Argenna (Araneae): [Gen nov]. KW - Argenna mengei (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type, sp. n., p. 123, Upsal]. KW - Argyrodes KW - Argyrodes - (Sim.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Argyrodes 13-guttata - (Rossi) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Argyrodes castaneus - (Cl.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Argyrodes epeiroe - (Sim.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Argyrodes sisyphium KW - Argyrodes sisyphium - (Cl.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Argyrodes triangularis - (Cl.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Argyrodes tuberculata - (De G.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Argyroneta - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Artanes (Araneae): [Gen nov KW - as its KW - Asagena KW - Asagena - (Sund.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Atea melanogaster KW - Atea melanogaster - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Attoidae KW - Attoidae (Araneae). KW - Attus KW - Attus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Attus cupreus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Attus formicaeformis - (Luc.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Attus frontalis - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Attus heterophthalmus - (Reuss) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Attus lucasii - (Sim.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Attus piceus - (Sulzer) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Atypus KW - Atypus - (Latr.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Aulonia (Araneae). KW - Aulonia [Zoology / / The type of KW - Aulonia alacris - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Aulonia ruricola KW - Aulonia ruricola - (De G.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Aulonia silvicola - (Sund.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Avicularia KW - Avicularia - (Lam.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Ballus KW - Ballus - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Biology KW - Caelotes - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - castaneus KW - Cercidia (Araneae): [Gen nov]. KW - Chiracanthium KW - Chiracanthium - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Ciniflo KW - Ciniflo - Blackw. (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Ciniflo humilis - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Citigradae KW - Citigradae (Araneae). KW - Clubiona - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Clubiona domestica - (Reuss) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Coelotes KW - Coelotes (Araneae). KW - Coriarachne (Araneae): [Gen nov KW - Cryphoeca (Araneae): [Gen nov]. KW - Cteniza KW - Cteniza (Araneae). KW - Ctenus KW - Ctenus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Ctenus dubius - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Cyclosa KW - Cyclosa (Araneae). KW - Cyrtarachne - (Thor.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Cyrtauchenius (Araneae): [Gen nov KW - Cyrtocephalus, Luc.) (See Table, p. 145.) Type, C. walckenaerii, KW - Cyrtophora KW - Cyrtophora - (Simon) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Deinopis KW - Deinopis (Araneae). KW - Dendryphantes KW - Dendryphantes - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Diaea (Araneae): [Gen nov KW - Dictyna KW - Dictyna - (Sund.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Dipoena (Araneae): [Gen nov]. KW - Dipoena [Zoology / / pp. 77 & 91 KW - Dolomedes KW - Dolomedes - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Dolomedes spinimanus - (Duf.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Drassidae KW - Drassidae (Araneae). KW - Drassodes - (Westr.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Drassus KW - Drassus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Drassus ater - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Drassus fulgens - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Drassus lucifugus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Drassus praelongipes - (Cambr.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Drassus subniger - (Cambr.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Dysdera KW - Dysdera - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Dysderoidae KW - Dysderoidae (Araneae). KW - Episinus KW - Episinus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Episinus truncatus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Eresus KW - Eresus (Araneae). KW - Eresus calophylla - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Eresus fasciata - (Oliv.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Eresus faustum - (Hentz) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Eresus reticulata - (Linn.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Erigone KW - Erigone (Araneae). KW - Ero - (C. Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Ero [Zoology / / Argyrodes tuberculata KW - Ero amaranthina - (Luc.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Ero germanica - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Ero groeca - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Ero italica - (Canestr.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Ero nitida - (Sav. & Aud.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Ero occitanica - (Dog.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Ero saxatilis (Koch) KW - Ero saxatilis (Koch) (Araneae). KW - Eucharia KW - Euophrys KW - Euophrys - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Euryopis KW - Euryopis (Araneae). KW - Filistata KW - Filistata (Araneae). KW - Filistatoidae KW - Filistatoidae (Araneae). KW - for its type KW - for Pasithea (the latter name being preoccupied) has P. viridis KW - Gen nov, g. n., p. 133, Type, Agelena KW - Gen nov, g. n., p. 165, (= KW - Gen nov, g. n., p. 180, (= Artamus, Koch) KW - Gen nov, g. n., p. 184, (See Table, p. 151.) KW - Gen nov, g. n., p. 186, (See Table, p. KW - Gen nov, g. n., p. 209, = Salticus, KW - Gen nov, g. n., p. 217, = Philia, (Koch), KW - Gen nov, g. n., p. 219, (= Dia, and, KW - Gnaphosa KW - Gnaphosa - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Hadites - (Keys.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - has KW - Heliophanus KW - Heliophanus - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Hersilia - (Sav. & Aud.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Hersilia oraniensis - (Luc.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Hersilia oraniensis [Zoology / / is made the type of a new genus by KW - Hersilioidae KW - Hersilioidae (Araneae). KW - Hersiliola KW - Hersiliola (Araneae). KW - Heteropoda KW - Heteropoda - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Histopona (Araneae): [Gen nov KW - Hyptiotes KW - Hyptiotes - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Idiops - (Perty) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Laterigradae KW - Laterigradae (Araneae). KW - Lathrodectus KW - latter genus also includes KW - Leptorchestes (Araneae): [Gen nov KW - Linyphia KW - Linyphia - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia argyrodes - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia longidens - (Reuss) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Liocranum KW - Liocranum - (L. Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Liphistius - Schiodte (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Lithyphantes (Araneae): [Gen nov]. KW - Lithyphantes [Zoology / / pp. 77 & 91 KW - Loxosceles KW - Loxosceles - (Lowe) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Loxosceles citigrada - (Hein. & Lowe) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Lycosa KW - Lycosa - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Lycosa albimana KW - Lycosa albimana - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Lycosa apuliae KW - Lycosa apuliae - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Lycosa lugubris KW - Lycosa lugubris - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Lycosoidae KW - Lycosoidae (Araneae). KW - Marpessa KW - Marpessa - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Menemerus KW - Menemerus - (Sim.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Menemerus falsificus - (Sim.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - merianoe KW - Meta KW - Meta - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Meta merianoe (Araneae). KW - Meta muraria - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Micrommata KW - Micrommata - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Micrommata horrida - (Fab.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Micryphantes flavo-maculatus KW - Micryphantes flavo-maculatus - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Misumena KW - Misumena - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Monaeses (Araneae): [Gen nov, g. n., p. 182, (= Monastes, Luc.) (See KW - Monases (Araneae): [Gen nov]. KW - Monastes - Luc. (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Nemesia KW - Nemesia - (Say. & Aud.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Nemesia cellicola - (Sav. & Aud.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Nephila KW - Nephila (Araneae). KW - Neriene - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Nesticus KW - Nesticus (Araneae): [Gen nov]. KW - New taxa KW - Nomenclature KW - Ocyale KW - Ocyale (Araneae). KW - Ocyale (Sav. Aud.) KW - Ocyale (Sav. Aud.) (Araneae). KW - OEcobiidae - Blackw. (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - OEcobius - (Luc.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Olios leucosios - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Oonops KW - Oonops - (Temp.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Oonops pulcher - (Temp.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Opiliones KW - Opiliones (Arachnida). KW - Oxyopes KW - Oxyopes - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Oxyopes by probably belongs to the Mygalidae]. KW - Oxyptila - (Sim.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Pachygnatha KW - Pachygnatha (Araneae). KW - Palpimanus KW - Palpimanus (Araneae). KW - Palpimanus P. gibbulus - (Duf.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Parthenia, Koch) (See Table, p. 149.) Type, AElurops v-insignitus, KW - Peucetia KW - Peucetia (Araneae): [Gen nov]. KW - Ph. phaleratum KW - Philaeus (Araneae): [Gen nov KW - Philodromus KW - Philodromus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Pholcomma (Araneae): [Gen nov]. KW - Pholcomma [Zoology / / pp. 77 & 98 KW - Pholcus KW - Pholcus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Phrurolithus - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Phrurolithus Phrurolithus festivus - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Phyllonethis KW - Phyllonethis (Araneae): [Gen nov]. KW - piochardi, (Sim.), and, Xysticus cuneolus, (Koch)]. KW - Pirata KW - Pirata - (Sund.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - piraticus (Cl.) and includes P. uliginosus (Thor.) Dolomedes typically KW - Pythonissa - Koch (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - represented by A. fimbriatus (Cl.) the type of Ocyale is A. mirabilis KW - rest of Koch's genus Arctosa Pirata (= Potamia Ohl ) has for its type A. KW - Retitelariae KW - Retitelariae (Araneae). KW - Salticidae KW - Salticidae (Araneae). KW - Salticus KW - Salticus - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Salticus - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Salticus brevipes - (Hahn) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Salticus obscurus - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Salticus pulchellus - (Hahn) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Schiodte)]. KW - Scytodoidae KW - Scytodoidae (Araneae). KW - Segestria KW - Segestria - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Selenops KW - Selenops - (Duf.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Singa - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Sparassus KW - Sparassus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Sparassus argelasii - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Spermophora KW - Spermophora - (Hentz) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Stalita KW - Stalita - (Schiodte) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Stalita schiaedtii (Araneae). KW - Stalita schiaedtii [Zoology / / p. 156 KW - Stalita taenaria - (Keys. nec Schiodte) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Steatoda KW - Steatoda - (Sund.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Systematics KW - Table, p. 151.) Type, M. paradoxus, (Luc.), Other species, Thom. KW - Tapinopa KW - Tapinopa (Araneae). KW - Tapinopa (Westr.) KW - Tapinopa (Westr.) (Araneae). KW - Tarentula KW - Tarentula - (Sund.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Tegenaria KW - Tegenaria - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Tegenaria civilis - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Territelariae KW - Territelariae (Arachnida). KW - Tetragnatha KW - Tetragnatha - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Textrix KW - Textrix - (Sund.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Textrix montana - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Th. congener KW - Thanatus - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - the KW - Therid. loetum KW - Therid. projectum KW - Theridiidae KW - Theridiidae (Araneae). KW - Theridioidae KW - Theridioidae (Araneae). KW - Theridium KW - Theridium - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Theridium 4-guttatum - (Hahn) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Theridium acuminatum - (Luc). (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Thomisus KW - Thomisus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Thomisus abbreviatus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Thomisus diadema - (Hahn) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Thomisus lateralis - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Thomisus scabriculus - (Westr.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Thomisus villosus - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Titanaeca (Araneae): [Gen nov]. KW - Titanoeca (Araneae): [Gen nov, g. n., p. 124, Type, Theridium KW - torpida, (Koch), incl. also, Textrix montana, (Koch)]. KW - Trachelas - (L. Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Trechona KW - Trechona - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - tricuspidata, (Fab.), = Thom. diana, (Walck.)]. KW - Trochosa KW - Trochosa - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Tubitelariae KW - Tubitelariae (Araneae). KW - type KW - type includes T. intricaria Koch also Lyc. leopardus (Sund.) and the KW - Type, A. dorsata, (Fab.), Other species, A. globosa, (Fab.), and, A. KW - Uloborus KW - Uloborus - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Uloborus latreillii KW - Uloborus latreillii (Araneae). KW - Uloborus walckenaerii - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Uroctea - (Duf.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - variegatus (Lat.) The Brazilian genus Idiops (Perty) combined with KW - Walckenaera KW - Walckenaera - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Walckenaera acuminata - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Xysticus KW - Xysticus - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Xysticus audax - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Xysticus cuneolus - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Xysticus depressus - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Xysticus kochii (Araneae): [Sp nov]. KW - Xysticus viaticus - (Koch nec Linn.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Yllenus KW - Yllenus - (Sim.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Yllenus arenarius - (Sim.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Zilla KW - Zilla - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Zodarium KW - Zodarium - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Zora KW - Zora - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Zora lycaena - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Zosis (Araneae). KW - Zosis [Zoology / / ]. AB - This is undoubtedly the most valuable contribution to the knowledge of the Araneida that has appeared of late years. The author discusses in it the general classification of the group, and the bibliography and literature of the subject generally; and many remarks upon extra-European forms of Spiders will be found scattered through it, or in the notes appended to the text. The author has also discussed the general question of zoological nomenclature and synonymy, his remarks upon which are exceedingly valuable. A great number of generic names are changed by the author on account of their having been preoccupied in other groups (see especially p. 37). Thorell also gives a notice of Fossil Spiders, including descriptions of some new forms. THORELL (European Spiders, part I.) combines Eresus with the Salticidae to form his suborder Saltigradae, which he divides into two families as follows (l. c. p. 198):-1. Eresoidae: cephalothorax antice valde elevato-convexus; oculi 2 postici inter se multo longius distantes quam sunt 2 proximo antecedents; tarsi unguibus trinis aut binis instructi, fasciculo unguiculari carentes. 2. Attoidae: cephalothorax deplanatus, parte cephalica non vel paullo tantum altiore quam parte thoracica; oculi 2 postici inter se non multo longius quam 2 antecedentes remoti; oculi 4 majores inter se proximi, medii (antici) eorum reliquis omnibus multo majores; tarsi unguibus tantum binis et fasciculo unguiculari instructi. The Eresoidae, including only the two genera Eresus and Palpimanus, are divided into the subfamilies Eresinae with an infra-mammillary organ and calamistrum, and Palpimaninae, in which those organs are wanting. Each, of Course, includes a single genus, the type of Eresus being E. cinnabarinus (Oliv.), and that of Palpimanus P. gibbulus (Duf.). THORELL (European Spiders, part I.) adopts the suborder Laterigradae and includes in it only the family Thomisoidae, in which he admits the following European genera (l. c. pp. 173-175):-I. Mamillae ut et ungues in apice tarsorum adsunt. A. Pedes 4 posteriores reliquis non vel parum graciliores, saepissime iis non vel parum breviores; tarsi in apice sub unguibus fasciculis 2 pilorum plus minus dilatatorum instructi Subf. I. Philodrominae. 1. Utraque oculorum series ex oculis 4 composita. a.Oculi medii antici vix vel non longius a margine clypei quam a mediis posticis remoti; maxillae plerumque rectae et parallelae. Series oculorum antica paullo recurva, postica paullo procurva. Micrommata (Lat.). Series oculorum antica paullo recurva, postica subrecta. Sparassus (Walck.). [ Series oculorum antica subprocurva vel recta, postica paullo recurva vel subrecta; oculi laterales antici mediis anticis non manifeste majores 3. Heteropoda (Lat.).] b.Oculi medii antici evidenter longius a margine clypei quam a mediis posticis remoti; maxillae in labium inclinatae. Pedum proportio 2, 1, 4, 3 (vel 2, 1, 3, 4); cephalothorax breviter ovatus, vel suborbiculatus. ?. Series oculorum antica modice, postica levius recurva; abdomen depressum, breviter et inverse ovatum vel subpentagonum 5. Artanes, g. n. [beta]. Series oculorum ambae modice et aequaliter recurvae; abdomen plerumque ovatum vel inverse ovatum. 6. Philodromus (Walck.). Pedum proportio 2, 4, 1, 3 (vel 2, 4, 3, 1); series oculorum ambae fortiter recurvae; cephalothorax et abdomen oblonga. 7.Thanatus (Koch). 2. Series oculorum antica ex oculis 6, postica ex 2 tantum oculis constat. 4. Selenops (Duf.). B. Pedes 4 posteriores reliquis graciliores et breviores multo; tarsi fasciculis unguicularibus carentSubf. II. THOMISINAE. 1.Frons cum mandibulis declivis, subporrecta; oculi medii antici a margine clypei longius distantes quam a mediis posticis. a.Series oculorum antica levius, postica fortius recurva; laterales antici evidenter majores quam medii antici. 8.Monaeses, g. n. b.Series oculorum antica fortius, postica levius recurva; laterales antici non majores quam medii antici. 9. Thomisus (Walck.). 2.Frons et mandibulae subverticales; oculi medii antici non longius a margine clypei quam a mediis posticis remoti. a.Series oculorum antica plus minus recurva. Oculi laterales postici vix vel non majores quam medii postici; aculei tibiarum graciles. ?. Series oculorum anticorum fortius, posticorum levius recurva; laterales antici non vel parum majores quam intermedii antici 10. Misumena (Lat.). [beta]. Series oculorum anticorum levius, posticorum fortius recurva; laterales antici manifeste majores quam intermedii antici. 11.Diaea, g. n. Oculi laterales postici evidenter majores quam medii postici; tibiae et metatarsi anteriores subtus aculeis robustis armati. 12. Xysticus (Koch). b.Series oculorum antica subrecta, oculi laterales inter se manifeste longius distantes quam medii antici a mediis posticis; oculi 4 medii in rectangulum latiorem quam longiorem dispositi; corpus valde depressum13. Coriarachne, g. n. II. Mamillae et ungues desunt Subf. III. ANETINAE. Oculi laterales longe remoti 14. Anetes (Menge). THORELL (European Spiders, part I.), as already stated, includes three families under his suborder Territelariae; but of these only one, his Theraphosoidae, representing the Mygalidae of most authors, is represented in Europe. He gives the following table of the European genera (l. c. p. 164):-I.Maxillae versus basin dilatatae; palpi dilatationi lateris affixi; cephalothorax anteriora versus dilatatus 1. Atypus (Latr.). II.Maxillae angustae, subcylindratae; palpi apice earum inserti. A.Area oculorum 21/2-3-plo latior quam longior; cephalothorax antice alte elevatus; pedes breves, robusti, 3tif paris roliquis breviores. 2. Cyrtauchenius, g. n. B.Oculi conferti, eminentiae communi parvae impositi; area quam occupant, circa dimidio-duplo tantum latior quam longior. 1.Mandibulae ad apicem dentibus vel lamellis corneis liberis, rastellum vel pecten formantibus, armatae. 3. Nemesia (Sav. & Aud.). 2.Mandibulae rastello carentes. a. Pedes versus apicem attenuati, unguibus ipsi apici tarsorum insertis. Mamillae superiores (posteriores) articulis quaternis. 4. Diplura (Koch). Mamillae superiores articulis trinis. 5. Trechona (Koch). [b. Pedes robusti, versus apicem vix vel parum attenuati, unguibus supra apicem tarsi insertis, retrahendis. 6. Avicularia (Lam.).] The type of Atypus is A. piceus (Sulzer); the type of Nemesia (=Cteniza) is N. cellicola (Sav. & Aud.); Diplura has D. macrura (Koch) as its type, and includes also Myg. calpeiana (Walck.) and M. luctuosa (Luc.); of Trechona the type adopted by Thorell is Myg. valentina (Duf.); Avicularia is represented by Ar. avicularia (Linn.)=vestiaria (De G.)=Avic. canceridea (Lam.). The European genera of Lycosoidae are tabulated by THORELL as follows (l. c. p. 189):-I. Series oculorum antica ex oculis 4 formata. A. Oculi medii seriei anticae a margine clypei spatio remoti quod diametrum oculorum non vel paullo tantum superat. 1.Mamillae superiores reliquis saltem dimidio longiores. 1. Aulonia (Koch). 2.Mamillae superiores reliquis vix vel non longiores. a. Series oculorum antica paullo brevior quam media; area oculorum aeque saltem longa atque lata; facies alta. Facies subquadrata, versus mandibulas non vel parum latior, lateribus rectis 2. Lycosa (Lat.). Facies versus mandibulas multo latior, lateribus fortiter convexis 3. Tarentula (Sund.). b. Series oculorum antica plerumque paullo longior, saltem non brevior quam media; area oculorum plerumque latior quam longior; facies humilis. Oculi medii seriei anticae majores, vix vel non minores quam oculi seriei posticae; cephalothorax plerumque densius appresso-pubescens 4. Trochosa (Koch). Oculi medii seriei anticae parvi, evidenter minores quam oculi seriei posticae; cephalothorax parce pubescens. 5. Pirata (Sund.). B.Oculi medii seriei anticae a margine clypei spatio remoti, quod diametro oculorum maximorum duplo saltem majus est. 1.Oculi 4 seriei anticae subaequales; pedes robustiores. 6.Dolomedes (Lat.). 2.Oculi 2 laterales seriei anticae evidenter majores quam medii ejusdem seriei; pedes graciles 7. Ocyale (Sav. & Aud.). [II. Series oculorum antica ex duobus tantum oculis constans; oculi laterales seriei modiae ab oculis 2 seriei posticae longe disjuncti. 8. Ctenus (Walck.).] The Oxyopoidae include only 2 genera, namely:-1.Peucetia, g. n. (=Pasithea, Blackw.): oculi in series 3, sectorem circuli fere formantes, ordinati. 2.Oxyopes (Lat.): oculi in series 4 ordinati. The European genera of Attoidae are tabulated by THORELL as follows (l. c. pp. 206-208):-I. Pars cephalica parte thoracica abrupte altior. 1. Salticus (Lat.). II. Pars cephalica parte thoracica non altior. A. Quadrangulus oculorum longior quam latior; oculi seriei 3tiae fere in medio cephalothorace siti.; corpus longum et angustum; pedes tenues 2. Leptorchestes, g. n. B.Quadrangulus oculorum saltem postice latior quam longior. Metatarsi et tibiae omnes aculeiscarentes. 3. Epiblemum (Hentz). Metatarsi pedum saltem anteriorum evidenter aculeati. a. Oculi seriei 3tiae non longius a margine cephalothoracis quam inter se remoti. Cephalothorax plerumque duplo fere longior quam latior. 4. Heliophanus (Koch). Cephalothorax non duplo longior quam latior. a. Cephalothorax humilis valde, dorso subplano; oculi seriei 3tiae plerumque multo longius inter se quam a margine cephalothoracis remoti. ?.Quadrangulus oculorum postice evidenter latior quam antice; oculi seriei 3tiae non multo ante medium cephalothoracis siti5. Ballus (Koch). b.Quadrangulus oculorum postice vix vel non latior quam antice; oculi seriei 3time longe ante medium cephalothoracis siti 6. Marpessa (Koch). [beta]. Cephalothorax altus, antice non angustatus, dorso evidenter arcuato 9. Euophrys (Koch). b. Oculi seriei 3tiae longius a margine cephalothoracis quam inter se remoti. Cephalothorax minus altus, dorso leviter tantum arcuato, parte cephalica parum declivi, ita ut oculi seriei 3tiae vix diametro sua altius quam oculi laterales seriei 1mae sint siti 7. Menemerus (Sim.). Cephalothorax altus, immo altissimus, parte cephalica adeo declivi ut oculi seriei 3tiae multo altius quam oculi laterales seriei 1mae siti sint. a. Metatarsi pedum posteriorum circa apicem tantum aculeis armati 8. Dendryphantes (Koch). [beta]. Metatarsi pedum posteriorum non tantum ad apicem aculeati. a. Oculi medii seriei 1mae ante frontem eminentes. Mandibulae facie circa duplo longiores. 10.Philaeus, g. n. Mandibulae facie non vel paullo tantum altiores. 11.Attus (Walck.). b. Frons adeo prominens, ut oculi medii seriei 1mae a margine frontis occultentur. Tibia pedum 4ti paris evidenter brevior quam meta tarsus cum tarso. 12. AElurops, g. n. Tibia pedum 4ti paris aeque saltem longa ac metatarsus cum tarso. 13. Yllenus (Sim.). The type of Salticus is A. formicaria (De G.), and the genus=Pyrophorus (Koch)=Pyroderes (Sim.); that of Epiblemum is E. faustum (Hentz), and the genus nearly represents. Calliethara (Koch), which is a later name; Heliophanus has Attus cupreus (Walck.) for its type; Ballus has for its type Attus heterophthalmus (Reuss), and includes A. depressus (Walck.)=S. brevipes (Hahn) and S. obscurus (Blackw.); the type of Marpessa is A. muscosus (Cl.), and the genus includes M. radiata (Grube), M. hamata (Koch), Salticus pulchellus (Hahn), Menemerus falsificus (Sim.), and Attus lucasii (Sim.); the type of Menemerus is Salt. semilimbatus (Hahn); that of Dendryphantes is A. hastatus (Cl.); Euophrys has Attus frontalis (Walck.) as its type; the type of Attus is A. terebratus (Cl.); and the type of Yllenus is Y. arenarius (Sim.). To the first three of these families reference will be made under Agelenidae; the other three form the group which has been included under the name of Drassidae in these 'Records.' Their genera are tabulated as follows by THORELL. Under the Drassoidae we have (l. c. p. 139):-I. Oculi 8. A. Maxillae convexae, non impressae. 1.Series oculorum postica, desuper visa, recurva. a. Pedes aculeati. Oculi laterales inter se longius quam medii antici a mediis posticis distantes. 1. Zora (Koch). Oculi laterales inter se non longius remoti, quam medii antici a mediis posticis. 2. Apostenus (Westr.). (?) b. Pedes non aculeati. 3. Trachelas (L. Koch). 2. Series oculorum postica procurva vel recta. a. Abdomen subtus pone plicam genitalem aliam plicam transversam praebet5. Anyphoena (Sund.). b. Abdomen plica pone plicam genitalem caret. Mandibulae ad basin inermes. a. Pedes 4u paris reliquis longiores. a. Labium ad summum dimidiam maxillarum longitudinem aequat. 4. Liocranum (L. Koch). b. Labium 1/3 brevius quam maxilla. 6. Clubiona (Lat.). [beta]. Pedes 1ml paris reliquis longiores. 7. Chiracanthium(Koch). Mandibulae ad basin aculeo armatae.. 8. Phrurolithus (Koch). B. Maxillae in medio impressae. 1. Cephalothorax linea media impressa caret. 9. Micaria (Westr.). 2. Cephalothorax linea media impressa praeditus. a.Series oculorum postica plus minus procurva, et evidenter longior quam series antica. 10. Drassus (Walck.). b. Series oculorum postica recta vel recurva. Series oculorum postica subrecta, non recurva, parum longior quam series antica. 11. Melanophora (Koch.). Oculi laterales inter se evidenter longius distantes quam medii antici a mediis posticis; series oculorum posticorum saepissime evidenter recurva 12. Gnaphosa (Lat.). II.Oculi 6 13. Thysa (Kempel.). The type of the genus Zora is Z. lycaena (Walck.)=spinimana (Sund.); the genus also includes Dolomedes spinimanus (Duf.), D. errans (Duf.), and D. hippomane (Sav. & Aud.). Apostenus has as its type A. fuscus (Westr.) and includes Agelena celans and gracilipes (Blackw.), Apostenus saxatilis (Auss.), and probably Ar. spinicrus (Duf.) and Drassus subniger (Cambr.). Liocranum is represented by Clubiona domestica (Reuss), and probably includes Drassus praelongipes (Cambr.). The type of Anyphaena is Club. accentuata (Walck.), that of Clubiona is A. holosericea (De G.), that of Chiracanthium is Club. nutrix (Walck.), and that of Phrurolithus is P. festivus (Koch). Micaria has as its type Drassus fulgens (Walck.). Aranea quadripunctata (Linn.) is the type of Drassus as restricted by Thorell, which includes Drassodes (Westr.). Melanophora, the distinctness of which from Gnaphosa is considered to be doubtful, has Drassus ater (Lat.) as its type. Gnaphosa (=Pythonissa, Koch) is typified by Drassus lucifugus (Walck.); and Thysa includes only its original species T. pythonissaeformis (Kempelen). The following is the table of genera of Dysderoidae given by Thorell (l. c. p. 153):-I. Oculi 6 perfecte explicati. A. Series oculorum antica ex 4, postica ex 2 oculis constans; oculi non ommes valde appropinquantes. 1. Maxillae longae, rectae, subparallelae; ungues tarsorum trini. 1. Segestria (Lat.). 2. Maxillae breves, latae, basi gibbosae, in labium paullo inclinatae. 2. Schaenobates (Blackw.). B. Series oculorum antica ex 2, postica ex 4 oculis constans. 1.Oculi laterales seriei posticae subrectae, longius ab oculis mediis ejusdem seriei disjuncti; oculi duo antici inter se longe remoti; ungues tarsorum trini 3. Ariadne (Sav. & Aud.). 2. Oculi saltem seriei posticae inter se valde appropinquantes. a. Oculi duo anteriores reliquis plerumque manifeste majores, plus minus longe disjuncti; series oculorum postica procurva. Mandibulae subporrectae, ungue longo et valido. Dysdera (Lat.). Mandibulae verticales, ungue brevi; ungues tarsorum trini. Harpactes (Temp.). b. Oculi omnes inter se valde appropinquantes, in tria paria dispositi, 2 utrinque, 2, reliquis majores, in medio; tarsi articulo libero unguifero aucti; ungues bini. 7. Oonops (Temp.). II. Oculi aut 6 valde imperfecti, aut O; ungues tarsorum trini. 4. Stalita (Schiodte). The type of Segestria is A. senoculata (Linn.). Schaenobates includes only S. walkeri (Blackw.). Ariadne is represented by A. insidiatrix (Forsk.). The type of Stalita is S. taenaria (Schiodte), and the species described under that name by Keyserling is distinct. The type of Dysdera is A. punctoria (Vill.); that of Harpactes is A. hombergii (Scop.); and that of Oonops is O. pulcher (Temp.). Thorell's family Filistatoidae includes only the genus Filistata. The family Hersilioidae, of which the genus Hersilia (Sav. & Aud.) is the type, includes only one European species, Hersilia oraniensis (Luc.), which Thorell makes the type of a new genus, characterized as follows (l. c. p. 115):- Hersiliola: Tarsorum articulus unguiferus ipso tarso multo brevior; mamillarum superiorum articuli bini, primus et secundus subaequales; pedes 3til paris reliquis non valde breviores. .Of his Agalenoidae, THORELL (l. c. p. 119) gives the following table of genera:- I. Nulla stigmata trachealia in medio ventris paullo pone plicam genitalem. A.Organum inframamillare et calamistrum adsunt. Subf. 1. AMAUROBIINae. 1. Maxillae in labium subtriangulum inclinatae; pedes omnes aculeis carentes. a. Oculi laterales inter se contingentes; antici eorum a mediis anticis longius distantes 1. Dictyna (Sund.). b.Oculi laterales et omnes oculi seriei anterioris inter se valde et aeque appropinquantes. 2. Argenna, g. n. 2. Maxillae subparallelae. a. Oculi laterales disjuncti. Pedes saltem 6 posteriores aculeis carentes; labium semiovale. 3. Titanaeca, g. n. Pedes omnes aculeati; labium ad basin constrictum, apice truncatum vel subemarginatum; oculi seriei 1mae subaequales, medii postici paullo longius a lateralibus posticis quam inter se distantes. 5. Amaurobius (Koch). b.Oculi laterales subcontingentes. 4. Lethia (Menge). B.Organum inframamillare et calamistrum desunt. Subf. II. AGALENINAE. 1. Mamillae superiores reliquis longiores, articulis binis, 2do acuminato, in latere inferiore, non in apice tautum, tubulis teztoriis instructo. a. Oculi 8. Mandibulae ad basin geniculato-convexae. 7. Caelotes (Blackw.). Mandibulae dorso recto vel leviter modo convexae, non ad basin geniculatae. a. Series oculorum posticorum plus minus recurva vel subrecta. [beta]. Series oculorum anticorum subrecta vel recurva, posticorum fortiter recurva. 13. Textrix (Sund.). b. Series oculorum anticorum procurva vel subrecta, posticorum subrecurva vel recta 12. Histopona, g. n. [beta]. Series oculorum posticorum procurva vel saltem recta. a. Mamillae superiores et inferiores in trapezium postice paullo latius vel in aream subrectangulum dispositae. Series oculorum anticorum fortiter procurva. aa. Series oculorum posticorum procurva; mamillarum superiorum articulus 2dus 1mo longior. 11. Agalena (Walck.). [beta][beta]. Series oculorum posticorum subrecta; mamillarum superiorum articulus 2dus 1mo saltem dimidio brevior. 9. Cryphoeca, g. n. Series oculorum anticorum subrecta vel paullo procurva; mamillarum superiorum articulus 2dus 1mo saepissime multo brevior 8. Tegenaria (Lat.). b. Mamillae longae, superiores inter se valde remotae, cum inferioribus in lineam transvesam recurvam dispositae, et iis fere dimidio longiores 10. Hahnia (Koch). b. Oculi nulli; mamillae superiores valde longae, articulo 2do aeque fere longo atque 1mo 14. Hadites (Keys.). 2. Mamillae superiores inferioribus non vel parum longiores, in ipso apice tantum tubulis textoriis praeditae. a. Mamillae superiores articulis distinctis binis; ungues tarsorum bini. 15.Agroeca (Westr.). b.Mamillae superiores articulo 2do exserto nullo; ungues tarsorum trini 6. Cyboeus (L. Koch). II. Pone plicam genitalem alia plica, stigmata trachealia duo in medio ejus sita continens, ad basin ventris adest. Subf. III. Argyronetinae. 16. ARGYRONETA (Lat.). .As already indicated (p. 144), THORELL (European Spiders, part I.) places this family under his suborder Retitelariae, which he divides into families as follows (l. c. 1869 p. 72):-I. Mamillae inferiores (anteriores) reliquis non vel parum longiores. A. Tarsi articulo unguifero libero carentes; labium liberum; mandibulae non ad basin coalitae 1. THERIDIOIDAE. B.Tarsi articulo libero unguifero aucti; labium cum sterno plerumque sine sutura coalitum; mandibulae versus basin plerumque inter se unitae 2. SCYTODOIDAE. II.Mamillae inferiores reliquis multo longiores. 3. ENYOIDAE. .THORELL's Scytodoidae are divided by him as follows (l. c. p. 101):-I.Oculi aut 8, aut 6, et tum tres in utroque latere frontis. (Palpi marium valde incrassati, clava complicata.) Subf. 1. Pholcinae. A. Oculi 8; pedes omnium longissimi 1. Pholcus (Walck.). B. Oculi 6 2. Spermophora (Hentz). II. Oculi 6, in tria paria dispositi, duo in utroque latem frontis. (Palpi marium tenues, clava parum complicata.) Subf. 2. SCYTODINAE. A. Cephalothorax postice alte convexus; mandibulae parvae, debiles; unguen tarsorum trini 3. Scytodes (Lat). n 2 B. Cephalothorax plus minus depresaus; mandibulae fortiores; ungues tarsorum bini 4. Loxosceles (Lowe). The Enyoidoe include only two genera, namely:-I.Series oculorum anticorum procurva 1. Zodarium (Walck.). II. Series oculorum anticorum subrecta. 2. Enyo (Say. & Aud.). .THORELL (European Spiders, part I.) excludes the genera Eresus and Deinopis from this family, but includes in it the genera Uloborus (=Veleda, Blackw.), Hyptiotes and Zosis (=Orithyia, Blackw.). He gives the following Table1 (l. c. p. 49) of the European genera which he admits into his Epeiroidoe:-I. Organum inframamillare nullum; metatarsi postici calamistro carent. Subf. I. EPEIRINAE. A. Maxillae breves, latitudine non vel parum longiores. 1.Series oculorum postica, desuperne visa, fortiter procurva3. Cephalothorax subplanus, parte cephalica parva, humili. 1. Argiope (Sav. & Aud.). 2.Series oculorum postica, desuperne viss, subrecta vel recurva. Cephalothorax modice convexus, parte cephalica (in feminis saltem) sat magna. a. Oculi laterales postici a mediis posticis multo longius distantes quam hi inter se. Pedes 1ml paris reliquis longiores. a. Oculi laterales antici ab anticis mediis saepissime evidenter, plerumque dimidio-duplo longius distantes quam hi inter se2. Epeira (Walck.). [beta]. Oculi laterales antici ab anticis mediis non vel paulle tantum longius distantes quam hi inter se. a. Oculi laterales saepissime sat late disjuncti. Abdomen postice in formam coni productum vel ibi tuberculatum. 3. Cyrtophora (Simon). b. Oculi laterales subcontingentes; abdomen cute molli tectum, cylindrato-ovali. 4. Singa (Koch). Pedes 4ti paris reliquis longiores. Abdomen cute duriuscula tectum 5. Cercidia, g. n. b.Oculi laterales postici non vel (in [male]) parum longius a mediis posticis distantes quam hi inter se. 6. Zilla (Koch). B. Marillae dimidio-duplo vel ultra longiores quam latiores. 1.Series oculorum anticorum fortiter recurva; oculi laterales sub-contingentes. 7. Meta (Koch). 2.Series oculorum anticorum subrecta; oculi laterales disjuncti. 8. Tetragnatha (Lat.). II. Organum inframamillare adest; metatarsi postici calamistro instructi. Subf. II. ULOBORINAE. A.Series oculorum antica margini frontis proxima, procurva, postica recurva 9. Uloborus (Lat.). B. Oculi a margine frontis longe remoti, spatium magnum occupantes; series antica procurva, postica recurva, longa. 10. Hyptiotes (Walck.). The type of Argiope is A. lobata (Pall.), and the genus also includes A. brunnichii (Scop.)=fasciata (Oliv.), and probably Ep. ambagiosa (Walck.), which is referred by Simon to Nephila. The type of Epeira is E. diademata (Cl.); the values of the genera established at the expense of Epeira are discussed by the author (pp. 53-56). The type of Cyrtophora is Ep. opuntioe (Duf.); it includes also A. conica (Pall.), for which Menge has established the genus Cyclosa, which falls, as later in date than Cyrtophora. Of Simon 's Cyrtophoroe the author rejects Ep. mexicana (Luc.), Ep. paradoxa (Luc.), probably a Cyrtarachne (Thor.)=Cyrtogaster (Keys.), and E. mitralis (Vins.), which belongs to Coerostris (Thor.), including also C. tuberculata (Vins.) and C. imperialis (Walck.). The type of Singa is A. hamata (Cl.). Cercidia is proposed instead of Cerceis (Menge), the latter name being previously employed; its type is Ep. prominens (Westr.). Zilla has for its type A. x-notata (Cl.)=calophylla (Walck.); it includes also Z. montana (Koch) and Ep. atrica (Koch). The type of Meta is Ep. menardi (Lat.); it includes also M. merianoe and M. muraria (Koch), and A. segmentatus (C1.)=reticulata (Linn.). Tetragnatha has for its type A. extensa (Linn.). The type of Uloborus (=Phillyra, Hentz=Veleda, Blackw.) is U. walckenaerii (Lat.); it includes U. latreillii and U. coatoe (Thor.). The type of Hyptiotes (Uptiotes, Walck.) is Mithras paradoxus (Koch); and the position of this genus is discussed at great length (pp. 67-71). THORELL (European Spiders, part I.) proposes to divide this order (which he calls Araneae) into 7 suborders, nearly corresponding to the families of Latreille, namely the Orbitelariae, Retitelariae (=Inaequitelae, Lat.), Tubitelariae, Territelariae, Citigradae, Laterigradae, and Saltigradae. These include in all 22 families (16 of which are represented in Europe), of which the author gives a scheme or diagram showing their mutual relations in accordance with the hypothesis of evolution-that is to say, on the principle of "propinquity of descent, " which he regards, with Darwin, as the sole cause of the similarity of organic beings. This diagram we cannot reproduce here; but its general indications may be understood from the following statement. The whole genealogical tree of the true Spiders springs from the Opiliones; it forms two branches, one of which is simple, the other very complex. The simple branch bifurcates, leading to the families Enyoidae and Scytodoidae; from the latter spring the Theridioidae, and from these again the Epeiroidae. The direct line of the second branch forms the family Filistatoidae; but the families Urocteoidae and Omanoidae (=OEcobiidae, Blackw.) are supposed to be given off from this branch before the discrimination of the Filistatoidae. From the latter springs a branch which gives off the Dysderoidae close to its origin, and leads up directly, after a longish interval, to the Theraphosoidae (=Mygalidae); and from these the Catadysoidae (founded for Catadysas, Hentz) spring on one side, pointing towards the Thomisoidae, and the Liphistioidae (founded for the genus Liphistius, Schiodte) on the other, pointing in the direction of the Phrynoidae. Another branch, originating from the Filistatoidae, bifurcates near its base into the Hersilioidae and Drassoidae; from the latter spring directly the Agalenoidae, Thomisoidae, and Lycosoidae, and from the last the Oxyopoidae, pointing towards the Saltigrade group. The Saltigradae likewise spring from the Drassoidae; their direct line terminates in the Myrmecioidae, and gives off the Attoidae; another branch is formed by a new family, Othiothopoidae (founded by the author for the reception of M'Leay's genus Othiothops); a third branch bifurcates and bears the families Dinopoidae and Eresoidae. These 22 families are placed by the author in his suborders as follows:-I. ORBITELARIAE: I. Epeiroidae; II. RETITELARIAE: 2. Theridioidae, 3. Scytodoidae, 4. Enyoidae; III. TUBITELARIAE: 5. Urocteoidae, 6. Omanoidae, 7. Hersilioidae, 8. Agalenoidae, 9. Drassoidae, 10. Dysderoidae, 11. Filistatoidae; IV. TERRITELARIAE: 12. Theraphosoidae, 13. Liphistioidae, 14. Catadysoidae; V. LATERIGRADAE: 15. Thomisoidae; VI. CITIGRADAE: 16. Lycosoidae, 17. Oxyopoidae; VII. SALTIGRADAE: 18. Myrmecioidae, 19. Othiothopoidae, 20. Dinopoidae, 21. Eresoidae, 22. Attoidae. The Spiders of this family are referred by Thorell (European Spiders, part I.) to his suborder Retitelariae, which is chiefly made up of the Theridiidae. For convenience, and in order to keep Thorell's results as much as possible together, the analysis of the whole of this suborder is given under the last-mentioned family. THORELL's suborder Citigradae (European Spiders, part I.) corresponds with this group, and is divided by him into the following two families:-I. LYCOSOIDAE: Oculi in series transversas tres vel duas dispoaiti; oculi 4 posteriores in trapezium postice latius, vel in lineam fortiter recurvam dispositi. II.OXYOPOIDAE: Oculi in series transversas 4 vel 3 dispositi; oculi 4 posteriores in trapezium postice angustius vel in seriem procurvam dispositi. The type of Micrommata is A. virescens (Cl.); the species placed under this genus by Hentz do not belong to it; Sparassus has S. argelasii (Walck.)=Ocypete tersa (Koch) as its type; Heteropoda is represented by A. venatoria (Linn.)=Olios leucosios (Walck.); Selenops has only S. homalosoma (Duf.) in Europe; the type of Philodromus is A. aureolus (Cl.); that of Thomisus is T. abbreviatus (Walck.)=T. diadema (Hahn); Misumena has A. vatius (Cl.)=A. citrea (De G.) as its type, and includes A. truncata (Pall.)=horrida (Fab.), T. lateralis (Koch), and T. villosus (Lat.); the type of Xysticus is X. kochii, sp. n.=X. viaticus (Koch nec Linn.), and the genus includes also A. viatica (Linn.)=X. audax (Koch), and Thom. claveatus (Walck.), and T. scabriculus (Westr.) forming part of Oxyptila (Sim.); Anetes, of which the author makes a distinct subfamily, includes only one species, A. caeletrum (Menge). THORELL (European Spiders, i. p. 109) divides his suborder Tubitelariae into the following six families:- I. Stigma tubi trachealis utrinque pone stigma sacci trachealis in latere ventris non adest. A. Tarsi articulo unguifero aucti; mamillae superiores reliquis multo longiores, articulis trinis aut binis: subtus tubulis textoriis praeditae; series oculorum 8 ambae recurvae; tarsorum ungues trini. II. HERSILIOIDAE. B. Tarsi articulo unguifero distincto carentes. 1. Pars cephalica impressionibus lateralibus a parte thoracica saepissime distincta; mamillae superiores inferioribus plerumque multo longiores. a. Cephalothorax brevis, subreniformis vel inverse cordatus, parte cephalica parva; matmillae superiores reliquis multo longiores, artic. binis, 2de longo, compresso; mandibulae parvae, debiles; maxillae in labium valde inclinatae; oculi 8; tarsorum ungues trini. I. UROCTEOIDAE. b.Cephalothorax oblongus, parte cephalica majore, saepissime elevata, convexa; mamillae superiores reliquis plerumque longiores et tum subtus tubulis textoriis praeditae; oculi 8, rarissime O; tarsorum ungues trini (exc. in Agraeca). III. AGALENOIDAE. 2.Pars cephalica a parte thoracica non distincta; mamillae superiores inferioribus non vel parum longiores. a.Mandibulae inter se liberae, ungue mediocri vel longo; labium non cum sterno coalitum; oculi 8, rarissime (in gen. Thysa) 6; ungues tarsorum bini IV. DRASSOIDAE. b.Mandibulae versus basin interse unitae; labium cum sterno coalitum; oculi 8; ungues tarsorum trini.VI. FILISTATOIDAE. II. Stigmata 4, bina in utroque latere ad basin ventris; oculi 6, rarissime (in Stalita) O; ungues tarsorum trini aut bini. V. DYSDEROIDAE. Thorell 's family Filistatoidae includes only the genus Filistata. Under his suborder Tubitelariae THORELL (European Spiders, part I.) includes six families, the characters of which will be found under Drassidae (p. 152). The first two families, which are newly established by Thorell, may be referred to in this place. The Urocteoidae, according to the author, "stand just upon the boundary-line between Tubitelariae and Retitelariae; " they include:-1. Urocta (Duf.)=Clotho (Walck.), the latter name previously employed: Oculi omnes rotundati, convexi; cephalothorax subreniformis; pedes robusti; mamillae superiores subtus tubulis textoriis vestiti; type Clotho durandi (Walck.); and 2. OEcobius (Luc.): Oculi intermedii postici subtrianguli, deplanati; cephalothorax inverse subcordatus; pedes graciliores; type OE. domesticus (Luc); also includes OE. annulipes (Luc.); both species possess eight eyes. THORELL's Amaurobiinoe nearly correspond with the Ciniflonidoe of Blackwall after the removal of those genera, such as Veleda, which agree with Ciniflo only in possessing an inframamillary organ and a calamistrum. The type of Dictyna is A. arundinacea (Linn.); Lethia includes only Ciniflo humilis (Blackw.)=L. varia(Menge); and the type of Amaurobius (=Ciniflo, Blackw.) is A. fenestralis (Strom)=atrox (De G.). Of the Agaleninoe, Cyboeus includes C. tetricus and angustiarum (L. Koch); the type of Coelotes is C. saxatilis (Blackw.); the type of Tegenaria is T. civilis (Walck.), and the genus includes most of the species referred to Philoica, the relations of which are discussed (p. 130); Hahnia has for its type Ag. montana (Blackw.)=H. pusilla (Koch), and includes Ag. elegans (Blackw.) and other species; Agalena (changed from Agelena on etymological grounds) has as its type A. labyrinthica (Cl.); the type of Textrix is A. denticulate (Oliv.)=T. lycosina (Sund.); Hadites (Keys.) includes only H. tegenarioides (Keys.); the type of Agroeca is Agel. brunnea (Blackw.)=linotina (Koch). The Argyronetinoe require no notice. THORELL's Theridioidae include the following European genera:-I. Abdomen petiolo longo, nodoso cum cephalothorace unitum. 2. Formicina (Canestr.). II. Petiolum brevissimum, angustum. A. Oculi non in tres turmas dispositi, neque inter se valde inaequales. 1. Oculi laterales inter se spatio minore disjuncti, quam quo distant medii antici a mediis posticis. a.Pedes aculeis sparsis armati. Oculi medii in trapezium antice angustius dispositi. ?. Oculi medii antici a margine clypei spatio non breviore distantes, quam quo a mediis posticis distant. 6. Linyphia (Lat.). ?. Oculi medii antici a margine clypei multo minus distantes, quam quo a mediis posticis distant. 5. Tapinopa (Westr.). Oculi medii in quadratum dispositi. 10. Ero (C. Koch). b. Pedes aculeis carentes (rarissime serie aculeorum subtus instructis).Mandibulae femore plus duplo crassiores, usque a basi divergentes. 1. Pachygnatha (Sund.). Mandibulae non vel apice tantum divergentes. ?. Mandibulae non vel parum crassiores quam femora anteriora; maxillae paralleliter porrectae; pedum prop. 1, 2, 4, 3. 4. Argyrodes (Sim.). ?. Mandibulae plerumque femore crassiores et apice divergentes; pedum prop. 4, 1, 2, 3. a. Maxillae subparallelae vel in labium inclinatae, ad basin non vel parum latiores 8. Walckenaera (Blackw.). b. Maxillae ad basin valde dilatatae. 7. Erigone (Sav. & Aud.). Mandibulae saepissime femore angustiores et subcylindratae; maxillae plerumque in labium fortiter inclinatae. a. Oculi laterales contingentes. a.Oculi medii trapezium antice duplo angustius formantes, maxillae latae 9. Nesticus, g. n. b.Oculi medii aream antici non vel parum angustiorem quam postici occupantes; maxillae plerumque angustae et sub-lineares. aa. Spatium inter oculos posticos medios et laterales duplo circiter majus, quam spatium, quo distant oculi medii inter se 11. Phyllonethis, g. n. bb. Spatium inter oculos posticos medios et laterales non vel paullo tantum majus, quam quo distant illi inter se. Series oculorum postica, desuperne visa, procurva vel subrecta. aa. Oculi minores 13. Theridium (Walck.). bb. Oculi majores. 14. Steatoda (Sund.). Series oculorum posticorum, evidenter recurva. aa. Pedes 1ml paris reliquis longiores; abdomen subglobosum12. Dipoena, g. n. bb. Pedes 4ti paris reliquis longiores; series oculorum posticorum fortiter recurva; abdomen ovatum. 17. Euryopis (Menge). ?. Oculi laterales disjuncti. a. Spatium inter oculos anticos medios et laterales vix majus, quam spatium quo distant laterales inter se. 3. Episinus (Walck.). b.Spatium inter oculos anticos medios et laterales multo majus, quam quo distant hi inter se. aa. Clypeus humilior; oculi medii in rectangulum dispositi. 15. Lithyphantes, g. n. [beta][beta]. Clypeus altus; oculi medii aream antice paullo angustiorem occupantes 18. Asagena (Sund.). 2. Oculi in duas series subparallelas dispositi. 16. Lathrodectus (Walck.). B. Oculi in tres turmas dispositi, duas laterales ex oculis trinis magnis constantes, tertiam ex oculis duobus minutissimis inter illas sitis. 19. Pholcomma, g. n. Of Pachygnatha the type is P. clerckti (Sund.), and of Formicina, F. mutinensis (Canest.); the type of Episinus is E. truncatus (Walck.), that of Argyrodes is A. epeirae (Sim.)=Linyphia argyrodes (Walck.), and that of Tapinopa is Linyphia longidens (Reuss). Linyphia has for its type A. triangularis (Cl.), and to it Thorell restores all the species which have lately been formed into new genera especially by Menge, with the exception of A. cellulanus (C1.), of which he makes the type of a new genus. Neriene (Blackw.) consists of species which Thorell refers to Linyphia, Walckenaera, and Erigone. The type of Erigone is E. vagans (Sav. & Aud.). Walckenaera, which has for its type W. acuminata (Blackw.)=Erigone cornuta (Reuss); includes many of the genera proposed by Menge. Ero has for its type A. tuberculata (De G.); E. saxatilis (Koch) is a Theridium. Of Theridium, as restricted by him, Thorell regards A. sisyphium (Cl.) as the type; the genus corresponds to Walckenaer 's third family. Steatoda has as ita type A. castaneus (C1.), and is very nearly synonymous with Eucharia (C. Koch). The type of Lathrodectus is A. 13-guttata (Rossi), and that of Euryopis, Micryphantes flavo-maculatus (Koch); the latter genus also includes Therid. laetum (Westr.) and T. acuminatum (Luc). Asagena has as its type Ph. phaleratum (Panz.). In Thorell 's family Scytodoidae, the genus Pholcus has Aranea pluchii (Scop.) for its type, and Spermophora (=Rachus, Walck.) has S. meridionalts (Hentz). Scytodes is represented by S. thoracica (Lat.) and Loxosceles (=Omosites, Walck.) has as its type L. citigrada (Hein. & Lowe), and includes Scytodes rufescens (Duf.). The Enyoidae include only the genera Zodarium and Enyo, the former having as its type Enyo longipes (Sav. & Aud.) and including E. graeca (Koch) and E. occitanica (Dog.), which may all form one species; and the type of the latter being E. nitida (Sav. & Aud.), with which E. germanica (Koch) is probably identical, and a second (or third) species, E. italica (Canestr.). E. amaranthina (Luc.) ought probably to form the type of a third genus. VL - vii UR - ://ZOOREC:ZOOR00600000052 N1 - ZOOR00600000052 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - Histoire naturelle des Araignees. (Araneides) T2 - Histoire naturelle des Araignees. Y1 - 1864 A1 - Simon, Eugene SP - pp. 540 KW - [Zoology / / ]. KW - Agelenidae - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Anyphaena KW - Anyphaena (Araneae). KW - Atypus KW - Atypus (Araneae). KW - Biology KW - Ciniflonidae KW - Ciniflonidae (Araneae). KW - Drassidae KW - Drassidae (Araneae). KW - Drassus KW - Drassus (Araneae). KW - Dysdera KW - Dysdera (Araneae). KW - Dysderidae - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Filistata KW - Filistata (Araneae). KW - Latrodectus KW - Latrodectus (Araneae). KW - Linyphia KW - Linyphia (Araneae). KW - Linyphiidae KW - Linyphiidae (Araneae). KW - Mygale KW - Mygale (Araneae). KW - Pholcus KW - Pholcus (Araneae). KW - Salticidae KW - Salticidae (Araneae). KW - Segestria KW - Segestria (Araneae). KW - Sphodros KW - Sphodros (Araneae). KW - Systematics KW - Tegenaria KW - Tegenaria (Araneae). KW - Theridiidae KW - Theridiidae (Araneae). KW - Theridion KW - Theridion (Araneae). KW - Thomisidae KW - Thomisidae (Araneae). AB - In the absolute dearth of anything like a treatise on the general classification of the Araneida, this work by M. Eugene Simon must be most welcome to naturalists. It contains a complete revision of the modern genera of spiders with a list of the described species, and full descriptions of the appearance and habits of the best-known species of each genus (European types being selected wherever they occur), and concludes with a synonymic catalogue of the European species of Araneida. The latter is defective in some respects, especially from the fact that the author appears to have been quite unacquainted with Mr. Blackwall's later papers on Araneida in the Annals and Magazine of Natural History, as also with hia fine Monograph of the British Spiders published by the Ray Society, although the first part of the latter appeared in 1861. The descriptions are illustrated with numerous woodcuts representing species of the more characteristic genera, and showing the arrangement of the eyes and other parts from which the generic characters are derived. JF - Histoire naturelle des Araignees. UR - ://ZOOREC:ZOOR00100000021 N1 - ZOOR00100000021Book Araneides ER - TY - BOOK T1 - British Spiders 2 T2 - British Spiders 2. Y1 - 1953 A1 - Locket, G. H. A1 - Millidge, A. F. SP - pp. viii + 449 KW - 102 figs KW - 110 fig KW - 119 figs KW - 139 fig]. KW - 155 figs]. KW - 189 figs KW - 199 figs]. KW - 20 figs]. KW - 212 figs KW - 215 figs KW - 223 figs]. KW - 225 figs KW - 23 figs]. KW - 237 figs]. KW - 244 figs]. KW - 246 figs KW - 251 figs KW - 253 figs KW - 258 figs]. KW - 285 figs KW - 289 figs]. KW - 295 figs]. KW - 298 figs]. KW - 305 figs]. KW - 31 figs]. KW - 313 figs]. KW - 353 figs KW - 357 figs KW - 360 figs KW - 376 figs KW - 383 figs KW - Acartauchenius scurrilis KW - Acartauchenius scurrilis (Araneae). KW - Agelena labyrinthica KW - Agelena labyrinthica (Araneae). KW - Agyneta KW - Agyneta cauta (Araneae). KW - Agyneta cauta [Zoology / / p. 341 figs KW - Agyneta conigera KW - Agyneta conigera (Araneae). KW - Agyneta decora KW - Agyneta decora (Araneae). KW - Agyneta ramosa KW - Agyneta ramosa (Araneae). KW - Agyneta subtilis KW - Agyneta subtilis (Araneae). KW - alsine KW - Amaurobius atropos (Araneae). KW - Amaurobius atropos [Zoology / / p. 19 figs KW - Amaurobius terrestris KW - Amaurobius terrestris (Araneae). KW - Anacotyle stativa (Araneae). KW - Anacotyle stativa [Zoology / / p. 260 figs]. KW - angulatus KW - Antistea elegans (Araneae). KW - Antistea elegans [Zoology / / p. 26 figs]. KW - Araeoncus crassiceps (Araneae). KW - Araeoncus crassiceps [Zoology / / p. 298 figs KW - Araeoncus humilis KW - Araeoncus humilis (Araneae). KW - Aran]. KW - Araneae (Arachnida). KW - Araneae [Zoology / / Keys to British genera and species of Agelenidae KW - Araneus KW - Araneus adiantus (Araneae). KW - Araneus adiantus [Zoology / / p. 141 figs KW - Araneus alpicus KW - Araneus alpicus (Araneae). KW - Araneus alsine KW - Araneus alsine (Araneae). KW - Araneus angulatus KW - Araneus angulatus (Araneae). KW - Araneus bituberculatus KW - Araneus bituberculatus (Araneae). KW - Araneus ceropegius KW - Araneus ceropegius (Araneae). KW - Araneus cornutus KW - Araneus cornutus (Araneae). KW - Araneus cucur bitinus KW - Araneus cucur bitinus (Araneae). KW - Araneus cucurbitinus var. KW - Araneus cucurbitinus var. opistographus KW - Araneus cucurbitinus var. opistographus (Araneae). KW - Araneus diadematus KW - Araneus diadematus (Araneae). KW - Araneus displicatus var. westringi KW - Araneus displicatus var. westringi (Araneae). KW - Araneus gibbosus KW - Araneus gibbosus (Araneae). KW - Araneus inconspicuus KW - Araneus inconspicuus (Araneae). KW - Araneus marmoreus KW - Araneus marmoreus (Araneae). KW - Araneus marmoreus var. pyramidatus KW - Araneus marmoreus var. pyramidatus (Araneae). KW - Araneus patagiatus KW - Araneus patagiatus (Araneae). KW - Araneus quadratus KW - Araneus quadratus (Araneae). KW - Araneus redii KW - Araneus redii (Araneae). KW - Araneus sclopetarius KW - Araneus sclopetarius (Araneae). KW - Araneus sturmi KW - Araneus sturmi (Araneae). KW - Araneus triguttatus KW - Araneus triguttatus (Araneae). KW - Araneus umbraticus KW - Araneus umbraticus (Araneae). KW - Argiope bruennichi (Araneae). KW - Argiope bruennichi [Zoology / / 168 fig]. KW - Argiopidae and KW - Argyroneta aquatica (Araneae). KW - Argyroneta aquatica [Zoology / / p. 6 figs]. KW - Arthropoda (Animalia). KW - Arthropoda [Zoology / / Arachnida KW - Asagena phalerata (Araneae). KW - Asagena phalerata [Zoology / / p. 54 fig]. KW - Asthenargus paganus (Araneae). KW - Asthenargus paganus [Zoology / / p. 301 figs]. KW - Aulacocyba subitanea (Araneae). KW - Aulacocyba subitanea [Zoology / / p. 270 figs]. KW - Baryphyma pratensis (Araneae). KW - Baryphyma pratensis [Zoology / / p. 229 figs]. KW - Bathyphantes KW - Bathyphantes approximatus (Araneae). KW - Bathyphantes approximatus [Zoology / / p. 366 figs KW - Bathyphantes concolor KW - Bathyphantes concolor (Araneae). KW - Bathyphantes dorsalis KW - Bathyphantes dorsalis (Araneae). KW - Bathyphantes gracilis KW - Bathyphantes gracilis (Araneae). KW - Bathyphantes nigrinus KW - Bathyphantes nigrinus (Araneae). KW - Bathyphantes parvulus (Araneae). KW - Bathyphantes pullatus KW - Bathyphantes pullatus (Araneae). KW - Bathyphantes setiger KW - Bathyphantes setiger (Araneae). KW - Biology KW - blackwlli KW - Bolyphantes KW - Bolyphantes alticeps (Araneae). KW - Bolyphantes alticeps [Zoology / / p. 378 figs KW - Bolyphantes luteolus KW - Bolyphantes luteolus (Araneae). KW - Bolyphantes luteolus sub nigripes KW - Bolyphantes luteolus sub nigripes (Araneae). KW - Caledonia evansi (Araneae). KW - Caledonia evansi [Zoology / / p. 303 figs]. KW - Cambridgeshire p. 419 figs.]. KW - carri KW - Centromerita bicolor (Araneae). KW - Centromerita bicolor [Zoology / / p. 357 figs KW - Centromerita concinna KW - Centromerita concinna (Araneae). KW - Centromerus arcanus (Araneae). KW - Centromerus arcanus [Zoology / / p. 351 figs KW - Centromerus dilutus KW - Centromerus dilutus (Araneae). KW - Centromerus expertus KW - Centromerus expertus (Araneae). KW - Centromerus incilium KW - Centromerus incilium (Araneae). KW - Centromerus incultus KW - Centromerus incultus (Araneae). KW - Centromerus jacksoni KW - Centromerus jacksoni (Araneae). KW - Centromerus laevitarsis KW - Centromerus laevitarsis (Araneae). KW - Centromerus persimilis KW - Centromerus persimilis (Araneae). KW - Centromerus prudens KW - Centromerus prudens (Araneae). KW - Centromerus subacutus KW - Centromerus subacutus (Araneae). KW - Centromerus sylvaticus KW - Centromerus sylvaticus (Araneae). KW - Ceratinella brevipes (Araneae). KW - Ceratinella brevipes [Zoology / / p. 188 figs KW - Ceratinella brevis KW - Ceratinella brevis (Araneae). KW - Ceratinella scabrosa KW - Ceratinella scabrosa (Araneae). KW - Cicurina cicur (Araneae). KW - Cicurina cicur [Zoology / / p. 21 figs]. KW - Clubiona rosserae (Araneae): [Sp nov, [female]+[male] Chippenham Fen, KW - Cnephalocotes obscurus (Araneae). KW - Cnephalocotes obscurus [Zoology / / p. 255 KW - Collinsia distincta (Araneae). KW - Collinsia distincta [Zoology / / p. 305 figs KW - Collinsia holm greni KW - Collinsia holm greni (Araneae). KW - concolor KW - Cornicularia KW - Cornicularia cuspidata (Araneae). KW - Cornicularia cuspidata [Zoology / / p. 207 figs KW - Cornicularia karpinskii KW - Cornicularia karpinskii (Araneae). KW - Cornicularia kochi KW - Cornicularia kochi (Araneae). KW - Cornicularia unicornis KW - Cornicularia unicornis (Araneae). KW - Cornicularia vigilax KW - Cornicularia vigilax (Araneae). KW - cristatus KW - Crustulina guttata (Araneae). KW - Crustulina guttata [Zoology / / p. 51 figs KW - Cryphoeca silvicola (Araneae). KW - Cryphoeca silvicola [Zoology / / p. 22 figs]. KW - Cyclosa conica KW - Cyclosa conica (Araneae). KW - Dicymbium libiale KW - Dicymbium libiale (Araneae). KW - Dicymbium nigrum (Araneae). KW - Dicymbium nigrum [Zoology / / p. 209 figs KW - Diplocentria bidentata KW - Diplocentria bidentata (Araneae). KW - Diplocephalus KW - Diplocephalus adjacens (Araneae). KW - Diplocephalus adjacens [Zoology / / p. 294 figs KW - Diplocephalus cristatus KW - Diplocephalus cristatus (Araneae). KW - Diplocephalus jacksoni KW - Diplocephalus jacksoni (Araneae). KW - Diplocephalus latifrons KW - Diplocephalus latifrons (Araneae). KW - Diplocephalus permixtus KW - Diplocephalus permixtus (Araneae). KW - Diplocephalus picinus KW - Diplocephalus picinus (Araneae). KW - Diplocephalus protuberant KW - Diplocephalus protuberant (Araneae). KW - Dipoena coracina (Araneae). KW - Dipoena coracina [Zoology / / p. 48 figs KW - Dipoena erythropus KW - Dipoena erythropus (Araneae). KW - Dipoena inornata KW - Dipoena inornata (Araneae). KW - Dipoena melanogaster KW - Dipoena melanogaster (Araneae). KW - Dipoena prona KW - Dipoena prona (Araneae). KW - Dipoena torva KW - Dipoena torva (Araneae). KW - Dipoena trislis KW - Dipoena trislis (Araneae). KW - Dismodicus bifrons (Araneae). KW - Dismodicus bifrons [Zoology / / p. 221 figs KW - Dismodicus elevatus KW - Dismodicus elevatus (Araneae). KW - Donacochara speciosa (Araneae). KW - Donacochara speciosa [Zoology / / p. 318 figs]. KW - dorsalis KW - Drapetisca socialis (Araneae). KW - Drapetisca socialis [Zoology / / p. 371 figs]. KW - Drassodes sorenseni (Araneae). KW - Drassodes sorenseni [Zoology / / p. 406 fig]. KW - Drepanotylus uncatus KW - Drepanotylus uncatus (Araneae). KW - Eboria caliginosa (Araneae). KW - Eboria caliginosa [Zoology / / p. 317 figs KW - Eboria fausta KW - Eboria fausta (Araneae). KW - Enoplognatha KW - Enoplognatha mandibularis (Araneae). KW - Enoplognatha mandibularis [Zoology / / p. 85 figs KW - Enoplognatha schaufussi KW - Enoplognatha schaufussi (Araneae). KW - Enoplognatha thoracica KW - Enoplognatha thoracica (Araneae). KW - Entelecara acuminata (Araneae). KW - Entelecara acuminata [Zoology / / p. 212 figs KW - Entelecara errata KW - Entelecara errata (Araneae). KW - Entelecara erythropus KW - Entelecara erythropus (Araneae). KW - Entelecara flavipes KW - Entelecara flavipes (Araneae). KW - Entelecara omissa KW - Entelecara omissa (Araneae). KW - Eothorax agrestis (Araneae). KW - Eothorax agrestis [Zoology / / p. 241 figs KW - Eothorax apicatus KW - Eothorax fuscus KW - Eothorax gibbosus KW - Eothorax retusus KW - Eothorax tuberosus KW - Episinus angulatus (Araneae). KW - Episinus angulatus [Zoology / / p. 41 figs KW - Episinus truncalus KW - Episinus truncalus (Araneae). KW - ericatus KW - Erigona KW - Erigona arctica (Araneae). KW - Erigona arctica [Zoology / / p. 311 figs KW - Erigona atra KW - Erigona capra KW - Erigona dentipalpis KW - Erigona promiscua KW - Erigona vagans KW - Erigona welchi KW - Erigonella hiemalis (Araneae). KW - Erigonella hiemalis [Zoology / / p. 288 figs KW - Erigonella ignobilis KW - Erigonella ignobilis (Araneae). KW - Erigonidium graminicola KW - Erigonidium graminicola (Araneae). KW - Ero KW - Ero cambridgei (Araneae). KW - Ero cambridgei [Zoology / / p. 32 figs KW - Ero furcata KW - Ero furcata (Araneae). KW - Ero tuberculata KW - Ero tuberculata (Araneae). KW - Euophrys molesta KW - Euophrys molesta (Araneae). KW - Euryopis flavomaculata (Araneae). KW - Euryopis flavomaculata [Zoology / / p. 44 fig]. KW - Evansia merens (Araneae). KW - Evansia merens [Zoology / / p. 261 figs]. KW - fig KW - fig]. KW - figs KW - figs]. KW - flavipes KW - Floronia bucculenta (Araneae). KW - Floronia bucculenta [Zoology / / p. 373 figs]. KW - fugax KW - furcata KW - fuscipes KW - G. serratus KW - G. sticta KW - General Literature KW - gibbosus KW - Glyphesis cottonae (Araneae). KW - Glyphesis cottonae [Zoology / / p. 287 figs]. KW - Gnathonarium dentatum (Araneae). KW - Gnathonarium dentatum [Zoology / / p. 217 KW - Gonatium rubellum (Araneae). KW - Gonatium rubellum [Zoology / / p. 231 figs KW - Gonatium rubens KW - Gonatium rubens (Araneae). KW - Gongylidiellum KW - Gongylidiellum latebricola (Araneae). KW - Gongylidiellum latebricola [Zoology / / p. 281 figs KW - Gongylidiellum murcidum KW - Gongylidiellum murcidum (Araneae). KW - Gongylidiellum vivum KW - Gongylidiellum vivum (Araneae). KW - Gongylidium rufipes (Araneae). KW - Gongylidium rufipes [Zoology / / p. 221 figs]. KW - gracilis KW - Hahnia Candida (Araneae). KW - Hahnia Candida [Zoology / / p. 29 figs KW - Hahnia helveola KW - Hahnia montana KW - Hahnia nava KW - Hahnia pusilla KW - Halorates reprobus (Araneae). KW - Halorates reprobus [Zoology / / p. 325 figs]. KW - Helophora insignis (Araneae). KW - Helophora insignis [Zoology / / p. 395 figs]. KW - Hilaira KW - Hilaira excisa (Araneae). KW - Hilaira excisa [Zoology / / p. 321 figs KW - Hilaira frigida KW - Hilaira frigida (Araneae). KW - Hilaira nubigena KW - Hilaira nubigena (Araneae). KW - Hilaira pervicax KW - Hilaira pervicax (Araneae). KW - Hillhousia misera (Araneae). KW - Hillhousia misera [Zoology / / p. 327 figs]. KW - Hybocoplus decollatus KW - Hybocoplus decollatus (Araneae). KW - Hypomma biluberculatum (Araneae). KW - Hypomma biluberculatum [Zoology / / p. 223 figs KW - Hypomma cornutum KW - Hypomma cornutum (Araneae). KW - Hypomma fulvum KW - Hypomma fulvum (Araneae). KW - Hypselisles florens (Araneae). KW - Hypselisles florens [Zoology / / p. 237 figs KW - Hypselisles jacksoni KW - impressum KW - Insecta KW - Jacksonella falconeri (Araneae). KW - Jacksonella falconeri [Zoology / / p. 280 figs]. KW - karpinskii KW - Labulla thoracica KW - Labulla thoracica (Araneae). KW - Land zones KW - latifrons KW - Lepthyphantes KW - Lepthyphantes alacris (Araneae). KW - Lepthyphantes alacris [Zoology / / p. 383 figs KW - Lepthyphantes angulatus KW - Lepthyphantes angulatus (Araneae). KW - Lepthyphantes audax KW - Lepthyphantes audax (Araneae). KW - Lepthyphantes carri KW - Lepthyphantes carri (Araneae). KW - Lepthyphantes cristatus KW - Lepthyphantes cristatus (Araneae). KW - Lepthyphantes ericatus KW - Lepthyphantes ericatus (Araneae). KW - Lepthyphantes expunctatus KW - Lepthyphantes expunctatus (Araneae). KW - Lepthyphantes flavipes KW - Lepthyphantes flavipes (Araneae). KW - Lepthyphantes insignis KW - Lepthyphantes insignis (Araneae). KW - Lepthyphantes leprosus KW - Lepthyphantes leprosus (Araneae). KW - Lepthyphantes mengei KW - Lepthyphantes mengei (Araneae). KW - Lepthyphantes minutus KW - Lepthyphantes minutus (Araneae). KW - Lepthyphantes nebulosus KW - Lepthyphantes nebulosus (Araneae). KW - Lepthyphantes obscurus KW - Lepthyphantes obscurus (Araneae). KW - Lepthyphantes pallidus KW - Lepthyphantes pallidus (Araneae). KW - Lepthyphantes pinicola KW - Lepthyphantes pinicola (Araneae). KW - Lepthyphantes tenebricola (Araneae). KW - Lepthyphantes tennis KW - Lepthyphantes tennis (Araneae). KW - Lepthyphantes whymperi KW - Lepthyphantes whymperi (Araneae). KW - Lepthyphantes zimmermanni KW - Lepthyphantes zimmermanni (Araneae). KW - Leptorhoptrum robustum (Araneae). KW - Leptorhoptrum robustum [Zoology / / p. 320 figs]. KW - Lessertia dentichelis KW - Lessertia dentichelis (Araneae). KW - Linyphia KW - Linyphia clathrala (Araneae). KW - Linyphia clathrala [Zoology / / p. 399 figs KW - Linyphia furtiva KW - Linyphia furtiva (Araneae). KW - Linyphia horlensis KW - Linyphia horlensis (Araneae). KW - Linyphia impigra KW - Linyphia impigra (Araneae). KW - Linyphia marginata KW - Linyphia marginata (Araneae). KW - Linyphia montana KW - Linyphia montana (Araneae). KW - Linyphia peltata KW - Linyphia peltata (Araneae). KW - Linyphia pusilla KW - Linyphia pusilla (Araneae). KW - Linyphia triangularis KW - Linyphia triangularis (Araneae). KW - Linyphiidae KW - Lithyphantes albomaculatus (Araneae). KW - Lithyphantes albomaculatus [Zoology / / p. 55 fig]. KW - lividus KW - longipalpis KW - Lophocarenum KW - Lophocarenum elongatum (Araneae). KW - Lophocarenum elongatum [Zoology / / p. 247 fig KW - Lophocarenum nemorale KW - Lophocarenum nemorale (Araneae). KW - Lophocarenum parallelump KW - Lophocarenum parallelump (Araneae). KW - Lophocarenum radicicola KW - Lophocarenum radicicola (Araneae). KW - Lophocarenum stramineum KW - Lophocarenum stramineum (Araneae). KW - Lophomma punctatum (Araneae). KW - Lophomma punctatum [Zoology / / p. 277 figs]. KW - luteolus KW - Lycosa paludicola (Araneae). KW - Lycosa paludicola [Zoology / / p. 415 fig]. KW - Macrargus KW - Macrargus rufus (Araneae). KW - Macrargus rufus [Zoology / / p. 363 figs KW - Macrargus rufus carpenteri KW - Macrargus rufus carpenteri (Araneae). KW - macrophthalmus KW - Mangora acalypha (Araneae). KW - Mangora acalypha [Zoology / / p. 166 fig]. KW - marmoreus KW - marmoreus var. pyramidatus KW - Maro minutus (Araneae). KW - Maro minutus [Zoology / / p. 348 figs KW - Maro sublestus KW - Maro sublestus (Araneae). KW - Maso gallica (Araneae). KW - Maso gallica [Zoology / / p. 233 figs KW - Maso sundevalli KW - Maso sundevalli (Araneae). KW - Mecopisthes pusillus (Araneae). KW - Mecopisthes pusillus [Zoology / / p. 253 figs]. KW - Meioneta KW - Meioneta beata (Araneae). KW - Meioneta beata [Zoology / / p. 345 figs KW - Meioneta gulosa KW - Meioneta gulosa (Araneae). KW - Meioneta mollis KW - Meioneta mollis (Araneae). KW - Meioneta nigripes KW - Meioneta nigripes (Araneae). KW - Meioneta rurestris KW - Meioneta rurestris (Araneae). KW - Meioneta saxatilis KW - Meioneta saxatilis (Araneae). KW - melanocephala KW - Mengea scopigera (Araneae). KW - Mengea scopigera [Zoology / / p. 403 figs KW - Mengea warburkmi KW - mengei KW - merianae KW - Meta KW - Meta bourneti (Araneae). KW - Meta bourneti [Zoology / / p. 119 figs KW - Meta menardig KW - Meta menardig (Araneae). KW - Meta merianae KW - Meta merianae (Araneae). KW - Meta segmenlata KW - Meta segmenlata mengei KW - Meta segmenlata mengei (Araneae). KW - Meta segmentata KW - Meta segmentata (Araneae). KW - Metapobaclrus prominulus (Araneae). KW - Metapobaclrus prominulus [Zoology / / p. 227 KW - Micaria silesiaca (Araneae). KW - Micaria silesiaca [Zoology / / p. 409 fig KW - Micaria subopaca KW - Micraryus herbigradus (Araneae). KW - Micraryus herbigradus [Zoology / / p. 283 figs KW - Micraryus laudatus KW - Micraryus subaequalis KW - Micronda viaria (Araneae). KW - Micronda viaria [Zoology / / p. 347 figs]. KW - Mimetidae KW - Minyrioloides trifrons (Araneae). KW - Minyrioloides trifrons [Zoology / / p. 231 figs]. KW - Minyriolus pusillus (Araneae). KW - Minyriolus pusillus [Zoology / / p. 266 figs]. KW - Mioxena blanda (Araneae). KW - Mioxena blanda [Zoology / / p. 278 figs]. KW - Moebelia penicillata (Araneae). KW - Moebelia penicillata [Zoology / / p. 215 figs]. KW - Monocephalus KW - Monocephalus castaneipes (Araneae). KW - Monocephalus castaneipes [Zoology / / p. 275 figs KW - Monocephalus fuscipes KW - Monocephalus fuscipes (Araneae). KW - murcidum KW - Nesticidae KW - Nesticus cellulanus (Araneae). KW - Nesticus cellulanus [Zoology / / p. 92 fig]. KW - New taxa KW - Nomenclature KW - Notioscopus sarcinatus (Araneae). KW - Notioscopus sarcinatus [Zoology / / p. 285 figs]. KW - obscurus KW - Oercidia prominens (Araneae). KW - Oercidia prominens [Zoology / / p. 159 fig]. KW - opistographus KW - Oreonetides KW - Oreonetides abnormis (Araneae). KW - Oreonetides abnormis [Zoology / / p. 360 figs KW - Oreonetides firmus KW - Oreonetides firmus (Araneae). KW - Oreonetides vaginatus KW - Oreonetides vaginatus (Araneae). KW - Ostearius melanopygius (Araneae). KW - Ostearius melanopygius [Zoology / / p. 326 figs]. KW - p. 10 KW - p. 102 figs]. KW - P. 104 KW - p. 104 figs KW - p. 11 figs KW - p. 110 figs]. KW - p. 115 figs KW - p. 117 figs KW - p. 117 figs]. KW - p. 123 figs KW - p. 124 figs KW - p. 127 figs KW - p. 130 figs KW - p. 132 figs KW - p. 133 figs KW - p. 134 figs KW - p. 136 figs KW - p. 138 figs KW - p. 139 figs KW - p. 141 figs KW - p. 143 figs KW - p. 144 figs KW - p. 145 fig KW - p. 146 figs KW - p. 149 KW - p. 149 figs KW - p. 15 figs KW - p. 155 figs KW - p. 157 figs KW - p. 159 figs]. KW - p. 16 figs KW - p. 16 figs]. KW - p. 163 KW - p. 190 figs]. KW - p. 195 figs KW - p. 196 figs KW - p. 197 figs KW - p. 197 figs]. KW - p. 201 fig KW - p. 201 figs]. KW - p. 204 figs KW - p. 206 figs KW - p. 207 figs KW - p. 207 figs]. KW - p. 209 KW - p. 212 figs KW - p. 213 figs]. KW - p. 225 figs]. KW - p. 229 KW - p. 232 figs]. KW - p. 239 figs KW - p. 239 figs]. KW - p. 240 figs KW - p. 241 KW - p. 241 figs KW - p. 247 figs KW - p. 247 figs]. KW - p. 250 figs KW - p. 252 figs]. KW - p. 261 figs]. KW - p. 264 figs]. KW - p. 266 figs]. KW - p. 267 KW - p. 268 figs KW - p. 271 figs]. KW - p. 273 figs]. KW - p. 28 figs KW - p. 281 figs]. KW - p. 283 figs KW - p. 283 figs]. KW - p. 291 figs KW - p. 293 KW - p. 293 figs KW - p. 295 fig KW - p. 295 figs KW - p. 30 figs KW - p. 309 figs KW - p. 31 figs KW - p. 310 figs KW - p. 311 figs KW - p. 313 figs KW - p. 317 KW - p. 323 figs KW - p. 325 figs]. KW - p. 329 figs KW - p. 330 KW - p. 332 figs KW - p. 332 figs]. KW - p. 333 figs KW - p. 334 figs KW - p. 335 figs KW - p. 339 figs KW - p. 339 figs]. KW - p. 34 figs KW - p. 341 figs KW - p. 343 figs KW - p. 345 figs KW - p. 345 figs]. KW - p. 346 fig KW - p. 349 figs]. KW - p. 35 figs]. KW - p. 351 figs KW - p. 353 figs KW - p. 355 fig KW - p. 355 figs KW - p. 357 figs KW - p. 358 figs]. KW - p. 360 figs]. KW - p. 363 figs KW - p. 363 figs]. KW - p. 364 figs KW - p. 366 figs KW - p. 368 figs KW - p. 369 figs]. KW - p. 377]. KW - p. 381 figs KW - p. 382 figs KW - p. 383 figs KW - p. 384 figs KW - p. 385 figs KW - p. 386 KW - p. 386 figs KW - p. 388 KW - p. 388 figs KW - p. 391 figs KW - p. 392 KW - p. 392 figs KW - p. 394 figs KW - p. 397 figs KW - p. 397 figs]. KW - p. 399 figs KW - p. 400 figs KW - p. 401 figs KW - p. 402 KW - p. 403 figs KW - p. 404 KW - p. 410 KW - p. 44 KW - p. 46 KW - p. 46 figs KW - p. 47 figs KW - p. 48 figs]. KW - p. 50 figs KW - p. 51 figs KW - p. 53 figs]. KW - p. 59 figs]. KW - p. 61 figs KW - p. 62 figs KW - p. 63 KW - p. 63 figs KW - p. 66 figs KW - p. 67 figs KW - p. 68 KW - p. 68 figs KW - p. 70 figs KW - p. 71 figs KW - p. 72 KW - p. 73 KW - p. 75 figs KW - p. 76 KW - p. 77 figs KW - p. 79 KW - p. 80 figs KW - p. 81 figs KW - p. 83 figs KW - p. 83 figs]. KW - p. 86 figs KW - p. 87 figs KW - p. 89 KW - p. 89 fig]. KW - Pachygnatha clercki (Araneae). KW - Pachygnatha clercki [Zoology / / p. 106 figs KW - Pachygnatha degeeri KW - Pachygnatha listen KW - pagana KW - pallens KW - Panamomops sulcifrons (Araneae). KW - Panamomops sulcifrons [Zoology / / p. 300 figs]. KW - parallelump KW - parasilicus KW - parvulus KW - peltata KW - Peponocranium ludicrum (Araneae). KW - Peponocranium ludicrum [Zoology / / p. 234 figs]. KW - Perimones britteni (Araneae). KW - Perimones britteni [Zoology / / p. 271 figs]. KW - pervicax KW - Phaulothrix hardyi (Araneae). KW - Phaulothrix hardyi [Zoology / / p. 321 figs]. KW - Pholcomma gibbum (Araneae). KW - Pholcomma gibbum [Zoology / / p. 89 fig]. KW - Pirata uliginosus (Araneae). KW - Pirata uliginosus [Zoology / / p. 416 fig]. KW - Pocadicnemis pumila (Araneae). KW - Pocadicnemis pumila [Zoology / / p. 235 figs]. KW - Poeciloneta globosa (Araneae). KW - Poeciloneta globosa [Zoology / / p. 369 figs]. KW - Porrhomma campbeli (Araneae). KW - Porrhomma campbeli [Zoology / / p. 333 figs KW - Porrhomma convexum KW - Porrhomma convexum (Araneae). KW - Porrhomma egeria KW - Porrhomma egeria (Araneae). KW - Porrhomma errans KW - Porrhomma errans (Araneae). KW - Porrhomma microphthalmum KW - Porrhomma microphthalmum (Araneae). KW - Porrhomma montanum KW - Porrhomma montanum (Araneae). KW - Porrhomma oblitum KW - Porrhomma oblitum (Araneae). KW - Porrhomma pallidum KW - Porrhomma pallidum (Araneae). KW - Porrhomma pygmaeum KW - Porrhomma pygmaeum (Araneae). KW - Porrhomma rosenliaueri KW - Porrhomma rosenliaueri (Araneae). KW - Prosopotheca corniculans (Araneae). KW - Prosopotheca corniculans [Zoology / / p. 201 figs KW - Prosopotheca incisa KW - Prosopotheca incisa (Araneae). KW - Prosopotheca monoceros KW - Prosopotheca monoceros (Araneae). KW - protuberant KW - pusilla KW - radicicola KW - redii KW - Rhaebothorax morulus (Araneae). KW - Rhaebothorax morulus [Zoology / / p. 315 figs]. KW - Robertus KW - Robertus arundineti (Araneae). KW - Robertus arundineti [Zoology / / p. 87 figs KW - Robertus insignia KW - Robertus insignia (Araneae). KW - Robertus lividus KW - Robertus lividus (Araneae). KW - Robertus negleclus KW - Robertus negleclus (Araneae). KW - Robertus scoticus KW - Robertus scoticus (Araneae). KW - rufus carpenteri KW - rurestris KW - Saloca diceros (Araneae). KW - Saloca diceros [Zoology / / p. 279 figs]. KW - Savignia frontata (Araneae). KW - Savignia frontata [Zoology / / p. 289 figs]. KW - saxatile KW - saxatilis KW - schaufussi KW - Scotargus inerrans (Araneae). KW - Scotargus inerrans [Zoology / / p. 307 figs]. KW - Scotina palliardi (Araneae). KW - Scotina palliardi [Zoology / / p. 410 figs]. KW - segmentata KW - setiger KW - Silometopus ambiguus (Araneae). KW - Silometopus ambiguus [Zoology / / p. 251 figs KW - Silometopus curtus KW - Silometopus curtus (Araneae). KW - Silometopus elegans KW - Silometopus elegans (Araneae). KW - Silometopus incurvatus KW - Silometopus incurvatus (Araneae). KW - Silometopus interjectus KW - Silometopus interjectus (Araneae). KW - silvestris KW - Singa albovittata (Araneae). KW - Singa albovittata [Zoology / / p. 154 figs KW - Singa hamata KW - Singa hamata (Araneae). KW - Singa heri KW - Singa heri (Araneae). KW - Singa pygmaea KW - Singa pygmaea (Araneae). KW - Singa sanguinea KW - Singa sanguinea (Araneae). KW - Siniula cornigera (Araneae). KW - Siniula cornigera [Zoology / / p. 359 figs]. KW - Spiders] [Palaearctic region / / Great Britain KW - Steatoda bipunctata (Araneae). KW - Steatoda bipunctata [Zoology / / p. 56 fig]. KW - Stemonyphantes lineatus (Araneae). KW - Stemonyphantes lineatus [Zoology / / p. 376 figs]. KW - stroemi KW - Styloctetor romanus (Araneae). KW - Styloctetor romanus [Zoology / / p. 258 figs]. KW - subtilis KW - Syedra gracilis KW - Syedra gracilis (Araneae). KW - Syedrula innotabilis (Araneae). KW - Syedrula innotabilis [Zoology / / p. 337 figs]. KW - Systematics KW - Tapinocyba KW - Tapinocyba antepcnultima (Araneae). KW - Tapinocyba antepcnultima [Zoology / / p. 268 figs KW - Tapinocyba insecta KW - Tapinocyba insecta (Araneae). KW - Tapinocyba milis KW - Tapinocyba milis (Araneae). KW - Tapinocyba pallens KW - Tapinocyba pallens (Araneae). KW - Tapinocyba praecox KW - Tapinocyba praecox (Araneae). KW - Tapinopa longidens (Araneae). KW - Tapinopa longidens [Zoology / / p. 372 figs]. KW - Taranucnus setosus (Araneae). KW - Taranucnus setosus [Zoology / / p. 375 figs]. KW - Tegenaria KW - Tegenaria agreslis (Araneae). KW - Tegenaria agreslis [Zoology / / p. 13 figs KW - Tegenaria atrica KW - Tegenaria atrica (Araneae). KW - Tegenaria domestica KW - Tegenaria domestica (Araneae). KW - Tegenaria larva KW - Tegenaria larva (Araneae). KW - Tegenaria pagana KW - Tegenaria pagana (Araneae). KW - Tegenaria parietina KW - Tegenaria parietina (Araneae). KW - Tegenaria silvestris KW - Tegenaria silvestris (Araneae). KW - tenebricola KW - Tetragnatha extensa (Araneae). KW - Tetragnatha extensa [Zoology / / p. 100 figs KW - Tetragnatha monlana KW - Tetragnatha monlana (Araneae). KW - Tetragnatha nigrita KW - Tetragnatha nigrita (Araneae). KW - Tetragnatha obtusa KW - Tetragnatha obtusa (Araneae). KW - Tetragnatha pinicola KW - Tetragnatha pinicola (Araneae). KW - Tetragnathidae KW - Tetrilus KW - Tetrilus arietinus (Araneae). KW - Tetrilus arietinus [Zoology / / p. 24 fig KW - Tetrilus macrophthalmus KW - Tetrilus macrophthalmus (Araneae). KW - Teutana grossa (Araneae). KW - Teutana grossa [Zoology / / p. 58 fig]. KW - Texlrix denticulaki (Araneae). KW - Texlrix denticulaki [Zoology / / p. 7 figs]. KW - Text-books KW - Thanatus striatus (Araneae). KW - Thanatus striatus [Zoology / / p. 414 figs]. KW - Thenoe minutissima (Araneae). KW - Thenoe minutissima [Zoology / / p. 90 fig]. KW - Theridiidae KW - Theridion KW - Theridion aulicum (Araneae). KW - Theridion aulicum [Zoology / / p. 61 fig KW - Theridion bellicosum KW - Theridion bellicosum (Araneae). KW - Theridion bimaculatum KW - Theridion bimaculatum (Araneae). KW - Theridion blackwlli KW - Theridion blackwlli (Araneae). KW - Theridion denticulatum KW - Theridion denticulatum (Araneae). KW - Theridion familiure KW - Theridion familiure (Araneae). KW - Theridion impressum KW - Theridion impressum (Araneae). KW - Theridion instabile KW - Theridion instabile (Araneae). KW - Theridion lunatum KW - Theridion lunatum (Araneae). KW - Theridion ovatum KW - Theridion ovatum (Araneae). KW - Theridion pallens KW - Theridion pallens (Araneae). KW - Theridion pictum KW - Theridion pictum (Araneae). KW - Theridion pulchellum KW - Theridion pulchellum (Araneae). KW - Theridion saxatile KW - Theridion saxatile (Araneae). KW - Theridion simile KW - Theridion simile (Araneae). KW - Theridion sisyphium KW - Theridion sisyphium (Araneae). KW - Theridion tepidariorum KW - Theridion tepidariorum (Araneae). KW - Theridion tinctum KW - Theridion tinctum (Araneae). KW - Theridion varians KW - Theridion varians (Araneae). KW - Theridion vittatum KW - Theridion vittatum (Araneae). KW - Theridiosoma gemmosum (Araneae). KW - Theridiosoma gemmosum [Zoology / / p. 170 figs]. KW - Thyreosthenins KW - Thyreosthenins biovatus (Araneae). KW - Thyreosthenins biovatus [Zoology / / p. 273 figs KW - Tigellinus furcillalus (Araneae). KW - Tigellinus furcillalus [Zoology / / p. 204 figs]. KW - tirolensis KW - Tiso aestivus (Araneae). KW - Tiso aestivus [Zoology / / p. 264 figs KW - Tiso vagans KW - Tiso vagans (Araneae). KW - Tmeticus affinis (Araneae). KW - Tmeticus affinis [Zoology / / p. 219 figs]. KW - Trachynella nudipalpis (Araneae). KW - Trachynella nudipalpis [Zoology / / p. 199 figs KW - Trachynella obtusa KW - Trachynella obtusa (Araneae). KW - triangularis KW - Trichoncus affinis (Araneae). KW - Trichoncus affinis [Zoology / / p. 258 figs KW - Trichoncus saxicola KW - Trichoncus saxicola (Araneae). KW - Trichopterna mengei (Araneae). KW - Trichopterna mengei [Zoology / / p. 245 figs KW - Trichopterna thorelli KW - Trichopterna thorelli (Araneae). KW - triguttatus KW - Troxochrus cirrifrons (Araneae). KW - Troxochrus cirrifrons [Zoology / / p. 264 fig KW - Troxochrus scabricvius KW - Troxochrus scabricvius (Araneae). KW - tuberculata KW - Tuberia moerens (Araneae). KW - Tuberia moerens [Zoology / / p. 25 figs]. KW - Typhocrestus digitalus (Araneae). KW - Typhocrestus digitalus [Zoology / / p. 304 figs]. KW - unicornis KW - vaginatus KW - Walckenaera acuminata (Araneae). KW - Walckenaera acuminata [Zoology / / p. 191 figs]. KW - Wideria KW - Wideria antica (Araneae). KW - Wideria antica [Zoology / / p. 194 figs KW - Wideria capito KW - Wideria capito (Araneae). KW - Wideria cucullata KW - Wideria cucullata (Araneae). KW - Wideria fugax KW - Wideria fugax (Araneae). KW - Wideria melanocephala KW - Wideria melanocephala (Araneae). KW - Wideria nodosa KW - Wideria nodosa (Araneae). KW - Wideria polita KW - Wideria polita (Araneae). KW - with check list of British species]. KW - Xysticus acerbus (Araneae). KW - Xysticus acerbus [Zoology / / p. 413 fig]. KW - Zelotes petrensis (Araneae). KW - Zelotes petrensis [Zoology / / p. 409 fig]. KW - Zilla diodia (Araneae). KW - Zilla diodia [Zoology / / p. 151 fig]. KW - zimmermanni KW - Zygiella KW - Zygiella atrica (Araneae). KW - Zygiella atrica [Zoology / / p. 163 figs KW - Zygiella stroemi KW - Zygiella stroemi (Araneae). KW - Zygiella x-notata KW - Zygiella xnotata (Araneae). KW - Zygiella xnotata [Zoology / / ]. JF - British Spiders 2. PB - (Ray Society) UR - ://ZOOREC:ZOOR09000001081 N1 - ZOOR09000001081Book London ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Die Spinnen der Schweiz, ihr Bau, ihr Leben, ihre systematische Uebersicht JF - Neue Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Gesellschaft Y1 - 1877 A1 - Lebert A1 - Hermann SP - pp. 1 EP - 321 KW - (Pseudo-scorpiones) KW - Agelenidae KW - Agelenidae (Araneae). KW - Amaurobius KW - Amaurobius (Araneae). KW - Arachnida KW - Arachnida (Arthropoda). KW - Asagena KW - Asagena (Araneae). KW - Aulonia KW - Aulonia (Araneae). KW - Biology KW - Chernetidae KW - Chernetidae (Pseudo-scorpiones) (Pseudoscorpionida). KW - Clubiona KW - Clubiona (Araneae). KW - Diaea KW - Diaea (Araneae). KW - Drassidae KW - Drassidae (Araneae). KW - Drassodes KW - Drassodes (Araneae). KW - Drassus KW - Drassus (Araneae). KW - Epeira KW - Epeira (Araneae). KW - Heliophanus KW - Heliophanus (Araneae). KW - Linyphia KW - Linyphia (Araneae). KW - Lithyphantes KW - Lithyphantes (Araneae). KW - Lycosa KW - Lycosa (Araneae). KW - Lycosidae KW - Lycosidae (Araneae). KW - Misumena KW - Misumena (Araneae). KW - Nesticus KW - Nesticus (Araneae). KW - Opiliones (Phalangidea) KW - Opiliones (Phalangidea) (Arachnida). KW - Oxyptila KW - Oxyptila (Araneae). KW - Philodromus KW - Philodromus (Araneae). KW - Pythonissa KW - Pythonissa (Araneae). KW - Salticidae KW - Salticidae (Araneae). KW - Steatoda KW - Steatoda (Araneae). KW - Tarentula KW - Tarentula (Araneae). KW - Tegenaria KW - Tegenaria (Araneae). KW - Theridiidae KW - Theridiidae (Araneae). KW - Theridium KW - Theridium (Araneae). KW - Thomisidae KW - Thomisidae (Araneae). KW - Thomisus KW - Thomisus (Araneae). KW - Trochosa KW - Trochosa (Araneae). KW - Xysticus (Araneae). KW - Xysticus [Zoology / / ]. AB - An important work. Pt. 1 (pp. 1-27) treats fully upon the structure of spiders; pt. 2 (pp. 27-58) on their life, habits, and economy; pt. 3 (pp. 58-88) on the geographical distribution of those indigenous to Switzerland. The remainder of the work is occupied by descriptions of species. The number of known Swiss spiders is 435: Orbitelarice 54 Retitelariae 92 Tubitelariae 126 Territelariae 1, Thomisidae 54, Lycosidae 53, Attidae 55. These are divided among 7 families and 77 genera. The genera most numerously represented are Epeira, 30 species, Linyphia 24, Theridium (including Phyllonethis, Nesticus, Asagena, Steatoda, and Lithyphantes) 21, Erigone 20, Tegenaria 13, Drassus (and Drassodes) 18, Pythonissa 9, Amaurobius 8, Clubiona 19, Thomisus (including Thomisus, Diaea, Xysticus, Misumena, and Oxyptila) 34, Philodromus 12, Lycosa (iucluding Aulonia, Tarentula, Trochosa, and Lycosa) 43, Heliophanus 12, Attus 14. l6 species are described as new, and belong to the Epeiridae, Theridiidae, Agelenidae, Drassidae, Lycosidae, and Salticidae. The plates contain some excellent, and highly-magnified, details of structure, especially of the male palpi of somo of the species; the various parts of the male palpal organs, and female genital aperture, are also figured in detail. A list is added (pp. 314 & 315) of 25 species of Swiss Opiliones (Phalangidea) and 8 species of Chernetidae (Pseudo-scorpiones). VL - xxvii UR - ://ZOOREC:ZOOR01400000018 N1 - ZOOR01400000018 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the Spiders of Scotland JF - Ent Y1 - 1877 A1 - Cambridge, O. P. SP - pp. 154 EP - 159, 174 KW - Agelenidae KW - Agelenidae (Araneae). KW - Biology KW - Dictynidae KW - Dictynidae (Araneae). KW - Drassidae KW - Drassidae (Araneae). KW - Dysderidae KW - Dysderidae (Araneae). KW - Linyphia KW - Linyphia (Araneae). KW - Lycosidae KW - Lycosidae (Araneae). KW - Salticidae KW - Salticidae (Araneae). KW - Theridiidae KW - Theridiidae (Araneae). KW - Thomisidae (Araneae). KW - Thomisidae [Zoology / / ]. AB - Contains a review of all the work hitherto done in respect to Scotch Araneology, with a list of species; the localities are added, with the names of the collectors of each species. 9 families are represented, Dysderidae, Drassidae, Dictynidae, Agelenidae, Theridiidae, Epeiridae, Thomisidae, Lycosidae, Salticidae, comprising 53 genera, and numbering 213 species, of which however 102 are contained in 3 genera of Theridiidae, viz., Neriene 37, Walckeneara 28, and Linyphia 37. VL - x UR - ://ZOOREC:ZOOR01400000008 N1 - ZOOR01400000008 ER - TY - BOOK T1 - A History of the Spiders of Great Britain and Ireland. Part ii T2 - A History of the Spiders of Great Britain and Ireland. Part ii. Y1 - 1864 A1 - Blackwall, John SP - pp. 210 KW - Agelenidae KW - Agelenidae (Araneae). KW - Argyroneta KW - Argyroneta (Araneae). KW - Atypus KW - Atypus (Araneae). KW - Biology KW - Caelotes KW - Caelotes (Araneae). KW - Ciniflo KW - Ciniflo (Araneae). KW - Ciniflonidae KW - Ciniflonidae (Araneae). KW - Clubiona KW - Clubiona (Araneae). KW - Dolomedes KW - Dolomedes (Araneae). KW - Drassidae KW - Drassidae (Araneae). KW - Drassus KW - Drassus (Araneae). KW - Dysdera KW - Dysdera (Araneae). KW - Dysderidae KW - Dysderidae (Araneae). KW - Eresus KW - Eresus (Araneae). KW - Linyphia KW - Linyphia (Araneae). KW - Linyphia alacris - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia albula - (Cambr.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia alticeps - (Sund) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia camelinus - Koch (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia cauta - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia circumspecta - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia claytonoe - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia crypticolens - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia domestica - Wider (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia ericoea - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia flavipes - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia frenata - (Wider) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia fuliginea - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia furva - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia gracilis - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia insignis - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia isabellina - Koch (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia longidens - (Wider) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia marginata - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia meadii - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia minuta - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia montana - (Clerck) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia nigella - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia obscura - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia pernix - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia pratensis - (Wider) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia pulchella - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia pulla - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia resupina - (Wider) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia rubea - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia socialis - (Sund.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia tenella - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia tenuis - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia terricola - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia triangularis - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphia vivax - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Linyphiidae KW - Linyphiidae (Araneae). KW - Lycosa KW - Lycosa (Araneae). KW - Lycosidae KW - Lycosidae (Araneae). KW - Nops - (M'Leay) (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Octonoculina KW - Octonoculina (Araneae). KW - Oonops KW - Oonops (Araneae). KW - Philodromus KW - Philodromus (Araneae). KW - Salticus KW - Salticus (Araneae). KW - Scytodidae KW - Scytodidae (Araneae). KW - Segestria KW - Segestria (Araneae). KW - Sparassus KW - Sparassus (Araneae). KW - Sphasus KW - Sphasus (Araneae). KW - Systematics KW - Tegenaria KW - Tegenaria (Araneae). KW - Tetragnatha KW - Tetragnatha (Araneae). KW - Textrix KW - Textrix (Araneae). KW - Theridiidae KW - Theridiidae (Araneae). KW - Theridion KW - Theridion (Araneae). KW - Theridion bicorne - Wider (Araneae): [Systematics]. KW - Thomisidae KW - Thomisidae (Araneae). KW - Thomisus (Araneae). KW - Thomisus [Zoology / / ]. AB - The second part of Blackwall's British Spiders, published by the Ray Society, completes the most important work on those animals which has appeared for some years. It forms a volume consisting of 384 large 4to pages, and is illustrated with 29 plates, representing the British species of spiders, of the natural size and magnified, with numerous figures of details of structure and of the webs and egg-cocoons of many of the species. The first part, published in 1861, contains an introduction of twelve pages, giving a short description of the anatomical structure of the Araneida, and indicating the terminology employed by the author, and also discussing some general matters in the life-history of the animals, such as the change of skin, the reproduction of lost limbs, the production of the web and formation of the egg-cocoons, and the power of ascending into the air possessed by many species. The work includes the results of Templeton's investigations upon the Irish spiders, the MS. of which has been for many years in the possession of the Ray Society; it contains descriptions of many new species and the synonymy of those previously described. The genera are carefully characterized, but the characters of the families are deficient in precision. The classification adopted will be discussed in a subsequent page. The primary division of the Araneida into tribes, adopted by Blackwall (History of Spiders of Great Britain and Ireland), is founded upon the number of eyes. The species with eight eyes constitute the tribe Octonoculina, which includes by far the. greater part of the order; the Senoculina include the species with six eyes; and the Binoculina those with only two. The last-mentioned tribe is formed solely by the genus Nopa (M'Leay), of which only a single species, is described; the Senoculina include the two families Dysderidae and Scytodidae of Blackwall. This character is evidently most artificial, and the mere suppression of a single pair of ocelli out of eight cannot be regarded as sufficient to warrant the establishment of a family, much less to serve for the primary division of an order. Blackwall, indeed, speaks of its "convenience;" but little can gained even in this respect when we find that, of 315 species described in the present work, 307 belong to one group and only 8 to the other, whilst the disadvantage of separating Dysdera and Segestria from the Drassidae, to which they are manifestly so closely allied, furnishes a strong argument against the adoption of this principle of classification. The arrangement of the families is as follows:- Tribe OCTONOCULINA. Fam. Mygalidae. (Atypus, 1 sp.) Fam. Lycosidae. (Lycosa, 16 sp.; Dolomedes, 3 sp.; Secaerge, 1 sp.; Sphasus, 1 sp.: total 21 sp.) Fam. Sallicidae. (Eresus, 1 sp.; Salticus, 17 sp.: total 18 sp.) Fam. Thomisidae. (Thomisus, 10 sp.; Philodromus, 9 sp.; Sparassus, 1 sp.: total 29 sp.) Fam. Drassidae. (Drassus, 14 sp.; Clubiona, 12 sp.; Argyroneta, 1 sp.: total 27 sp.) Fam. Ciniflonidae. Spinners 8; tarsi 3-clawed; posterior legs with a calamistrum or curling-apparatus of two parallel rows of short, moveable spines. (Ciniflo, 5 sp.; Ergatis, 8 sp.; Veleda, 1 sp.: total 9 sp.) Fam. Agelenidae. (Ayelena, 9 sp.; Tegenaria, 4 sp.; Caelotes, 1 sp.; Textrix, 1 sp.: total 15 sp.) Fam. Theridiidae, (Theridion, 27 sp.; Phelcus, 1 sp.: total 28 sp.) Fam. Linyphiidae. (Zinyphia, 33 sp.; Nerine, 48 sp.; Walckmaera, 33 sp.; Pachygnatha, 3 sp.: total 117 sp.) Fam. Epeiridae. (Epeira, 31 sp.; Tetragnatha, 1 sp.: total 32 sp.) Tribe SENOCULINA. Eam. Dysderidae. (Dysdera, 3 sp.; Segestria, 2 sp.; Schaenobates, 1 sp.; Oonops, 1 sp.: total 7 sp.) Fam. Scytodidae. (Scytodes, 1 sp.) The following known species are described and figured by Blackwall (History of British Spiders, part ii.):- Linyphia montana (Clerck), l. c. p. 211, pl. 15. fig. 138; L. triangularis (Walck.), l. c. p. 212, fig. 139; L. marginata (Blackw.) =resupina (Wider), l. c. p. 213, fig. 140; L. pratensis (Wider), l. c. p. 215, fig. 141; L. fuliginea (Blackw.), l. c. p. 216, fig. 142; L. rubea (Blackw.), l. c. p. 217, fig. 143; L. minuta(Blackw.)(=domestica,Wider), l. c. p. 218, fig. 144; L. cauta(Blackw.), l. c. p. 220, fig. 145; L. vivax (Blackw.), l. c. p. 221, pl. 10. fig. 146; L. socialis (Sund.), l. c. p. 222, fig. 147; L. crypticolens (Walck.), l. c. p. 224, fig. 148; L. alticeps (Sund), l. c. p. 226, fig. 149; L. longidens (Wider), l. c. p. 227, fig. 160; L. frenata (Wider), l. c. p. 228, fig. 151; L. tenuis (Blackw.), l. c. p. 230, fig. 152; L. terrieola (Koch), l. c. p. 231, fig. 153; L. meadii (Blackw.), l. c. p. 232, fig. 154; L. daytonia (Blackw.), l. c. p. 233, fig. 155; L. pulla (Blackw.), l. c. p. 234, fig. 166; L. alacris (Blackw.), l. c. p. 235, pl. 17. fig. 157; L. ericaea (Blackw.), l. c. p. 237, fig. 150; L. insignis (Blackw.), l. c. p. 238, fig. 160; L. pernix (Blackw.), l. c. p. 239; L. nigella (Blackw.), l. c. p. 240; L. albula (Cambr.), l. c. p. 241, fig. 161; L. pulchella (Blackw.), l. c. p. 242; L. furva (Blackw.), l. c. p. 243; L. obscura (Blackw.), l. c. p. 244, fig. 162; L. gracilis (Blackw.), l. c. p. 246, fig. 163; L. tenella (Blackw.), l. c. p. 246, fig. 164; L. circumspecta (Blackw.), ibid., fig. 165; L. flavipes (Blackw.), l. c. p. 247, fig. 166; Neriene marginata (Blackw.), l. c. p. 249, fig. 167; N. bicolor (Blackw.), l. c. p. 260, fig. 168; N. rufipes (Blackw.), l. c.. p. 251; N. livida (Blackw.), l. c.. p. 252, pl. 18. fig. 169; N. furva (Blackw.), l. c. p. 268; N. errant (Blackw.), ibid., fig. 170; N. sylvatica (Blackw.), l. c. p. 254; N. viaria (Blackw.), l. c. p. 255, fig. 171; N. pulla (Blackw.), l. c. p. 266; N. graecilis (Blackw.), ibid., fig. 172; N. vagans (Blackw.), l. c. p. 257, fig. 173; N. dentata (Wider), l. c. p. 268, fig. 174; N. affinis (Blackw.), l. c. p. 269, fig. 176; N. huthwaitii(Cambr.), l. c. p. 260, fig. 176; N. pygmaea (Blackw.), l. c.. p. 261, fig. 177; N. lugubris (Blackw.), ibid.; N. scuratilis (Blackw.), l. c. p. 202; N. avida (Blackw.), l. c. p. 263; N. timida (Blackw.), ibid.; N. flavipes (Blackw.), l. c. p. 264, fig. 178; N. parva (Blackw.), l. c. p. 266, fig. 179; N. munda. (Blackw.), ibid., fig. 180; N. tibialis (Blarkw.), l. c. p. 266; N. cornuta (Blackw.), l. c. p. 267, fig. 181; N. bituberculata (Wider), l. c. p. 268, fig. 182; N. apicata (Blackw.), l. c. p. 269, fig. 183; N. rubens (Blackw.), l. c. p. 270, fig. 184; N. nigra (Blackw.), l. c. p. 271, fig. 185; N. graminicola (Sund.), l. c. p. 272, pl. 19. fig. 186; N. cornigera (Blackw.), l. c. p. 273, fig. 187; N. montana (Blackw.), l. c. p. 278; N. lonyipalpis (Sund.), l. c. p. 274, fig. 188; N. fusca (Blackw.), l. c. p. 275, fig. 189; N. agretis (Blackw.), l. c. p. 276, fig. 190; N. vigilaL (Blackw.), l. c. p. 277, fig. 191; N. gibbosa (Blackw.), l. c. p. 278; N. tuberosa (Blackw.), l. c. p. 270, fig. 102; N. trilineata (Blackw.), ibid., fig. 193; N. rubella (Blackw.) (=isabellina, Koch), l. c. p. 281, fig. 194; N. variegata (Blackw.), l. c. p. 282, fig. 195; N. sulcata (Blackw.), l. c. p. 284; N. herbigrada (Blackw.), l. c. p. 285, fig. 199; N. alnormis (Blackw.), l. c. p. 286, fig. 200; N. rubripes (Blackw.), l. c. p. 287, fig. 201; N. dubia (Blackw.), l. c. p. 288, fig. 202; Walckenaera acuminate (Blackw.) (=camelinus, Koch), l. c.. p. 289, pl. 20. fig. 203; W. cuspidate (Blackw.), l. c. p. 290, fig. 204; W. monoceros (Wider), l. c. p. 291, fig 205; W. hardii (Blackw.), l. c. p. 292, fig. 206; W. unicornis (Cambr.), l. c. p. 293, fig. 207; W. obtusa (Blackw.), l. c. p. 294, fig. 208; W. fuscipes (Blackw.), l. c. p. 296, fig. 209; W. punctata (Blackw.), l. c.. p. 295, fig. 210; W. parallela (Wider), l. c. p. 296, fig. 211; W. obscura (Blackw.) l. c. p. 297, fig. 212; W. flavipes (Blackw.), l. c. p. 298, fig. 213; W. turgida (Blackw.), l. c. p. 299, fig. 214; W. atra (Blackw.), l. c. p. 300, pl. 21. fig. 215; W. aggeris (Cambr.), l. c., p. 301, fig. 216; W. hiemalis (Blackw.), l. c. p. 302, fig. 217; W. bifrons (Blackw.), ibid., fig. 218; W. bicolor (Blackw.), l. c.. p. 303; W. parca (Blackw.), l. c. p. 804, fig. 219; W. exills (Blackw.), l. c. p. 305, fig. 220; W. depressa (Blackw.), l. c. p. 306, fig. 221; W. pratensis (Blackw.), ibid., fig. 222; W. humilis (Blackw.), l. c. p. 307, fig. 223; W. vafra (Blackw.), l. c. p. 308; W. cristata (Blackw.) (= Theridion bicorne,Wider), l. c. p. 309, fig. 224; W. antica(Wider), l. c. p. 310, fig. 225; W. savicola (Camb.), l. c.. p. 311, fig. 226; W. pumila (Blackw.), l. c. p. 312, fig. 227; W. picina(Blackw.), l. c. p. 313, fig. 328; W. fastigata(Blackw.) (Ther. acuminatum, Wider), l. c. p. 314, pl. 22. fig. 229; W. nemoralis (Blackw.), l. c. p. 315, fig. 230; W. ludicra (Cambr.), l. c. p. 316, fig. 231; W. frantata (Blackw.), l. c.. p. 317, fig. 232; Pachygnatha clerckii (Sund.), l. c. p. 318, fig. 233; P. listeri (Sund.), l. c. p. 320, fig. 284; P. degeerii (Sund.), l. c. p. 321, fig. 235. JF - A History of the Spiders of Great Britain and Ireland. Part ii. UR - ://ZOOREC:ZOOR00100000020 N1 - ZOOR00100000020Book ER -