@article {468, title = {Fragmenta Faunistica Tirolensia - 9. (Arachnida: Aranei, Opiliones; Myriapoda: Chilopoda, Diplopoda: Glomerida; Insecta: Dermaptera, Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)}, journal = {Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlich-Medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck}, volume = {77}, year = {1990}, note = {ZOOR12700047810}, month = {1990}, pages = {225-243}, abstract = {Four contributions to the arthropod fauna of Nordtirol (Austria) are presented: on spiders (2), rove beetles (3) and on pill millipedes (4), together with new localities (1) for centipedes and earwigs. (1) From urban habitats are recorded 3 centipedes together with 2 Dermaptera: 2 casual introductions (Scutigera coleoptrata (L.), Scolopendra cingulata LATR.), Lamyctes fulvicornis MEINERT, Apterygida media (HAGENBACH), Labia minor (L.). New localities are given for Anechura bipunctata (F.), an earwig occurring in the Alps only discontinuously. (2) Spiders. (i) The list of myromecophilous spiders from Nordtirol includes 6 species, Erigoninae (4), Linyphiinae (1), Agelenidae (1). 4 of them are occurring widely also in the lowlands of mid Europe, 2 species were known previously from the Carpatian mountains (Syedra myrmicarum (KULCZ.)) and from the Pyrenees (Diastanillus pecuarius E.S.) respectively. (ii) In an urban garden at the periphery of Innsbruck 53 spider species were caught with pitfalls together with 6 Opiliones. This site apparently is a small habitat island, allowing up to now survival of meadow spiders and of some species of xerothermic sites avoiding human impact. (3) Staphylinidae: A list of 69 rove beetles from cultivated land near Innbruck (Rinn 900 m) is given, with comments on phenology and collecting sites. (4) Glomerida: A critical list of the Glomerida of Nordtirol with referrences to the literature since 1884 includes 8 species (1 Glomeridella, 5 Glomeris, 1 Onychoglomeris, 1 Trachysphaera) and 5 further species with doubtful and insufficient records only. Glomerida are restricted almost entirely to natural habitats, distribution in altitude from lowland to the timberline and in alpine grassland.}, keywords = {[Austria / / Tyrol, / ] [Austria / / Tyrol, Arachnid associate, Araneae (Arachnida)., Araneae [Associations / / Formicidae (Hymenoptera), associate records] [Austria / / Tyrol, Associations, biology]., Chilopoda (Myriapoda)., Chilopoda [Habitat exploitation / / Records \& biology] [Urban habitat /, Coleoptera (Insecta)., Coleoptera [Community structure / / Austria] [Seasonal abundance / /, Dermaptera (Insecta)., Dermaptera [Urban habitat / / Records \& biology] [Austria / / Tyrol, distribution, Distribution records, Distribution records \&, Distribution records \& biology]., Distribution within habitat, Ecology, Eurasia, Europe, exploitation / / Records \& biology] [Austria / / Tyrol, first record]., Formicidae (Formicoidea)., Formicidae [Associations / / Araneae (Arachnida), Glomerida (Diplopoda)., Glomerida [Vertical distribution / / Altitude distribution] [Habitat, Habitat, habitat / / ] [Austria / / Tyrol, including new localities \& biology]., Lamyctes fulvicornis, Lamyctes fulvicornis (Chilopoda): [New record]., land habitat / / ] [Austria / / Tyrol, Land zones, Man made habitat, Myrmecophilous, North, Opiliones (Arachnida)., Opiliones [Urban habitat / / Records \& biology] [Austria / / Tyrol, Palaearctic region, Phenology]., Population dynamics, records \& biology]., records]., Scolopendra cingulata, Scolopendra cingulata (Chilopoda): [New record]., Scutigera coleoptrata, Scutigera coleoptrata (Chilopoda): [New record]., species records] [Habitat exploitation / / Records \& biology] [Urban, Staphylinidae (Staphylinoidea)., Staphylinidae [Habitat exploitation / / Records \& biology] [Cultivated}, isbn = {0379-1416}, url = {://ZOOREC:ZOOR12700047810}, author = {Thaler, K. and Kofler, A. and Meyer, E.} } @article {417, title = {The web-spider community of soybean agroecosystems in southwestern Ohio}, journal = {Journal of Arachnology}, volume = {23}, year = {1995}, note = {ZOOR13300030390}, month = {1995}, pages = {135-144}, abstract = {We documented the web-spider community in a soybean agroecosystem over the entire growing season in 1990 and 1991 and over the period of peak spider abundance in August of 1993. Simultaneously a number of vegetational parameters were quantified in order to determine the extent to which the spider abundance was correlated with characteristics of the plant community. Web-spider abundance was higher in 1991 than in 1990 or 1993 and lower in 1993 than the other two years. The composition of the community in terms of web-types also differed among years with sheet webs (Linyphiidae, Agelenidae) being much more abundant in 1991 and orb webs (Araneidae) more abundant in 1990. In 1991, spider abundance was correlated with specific vegetation characteristics which suggests that the availability of habitat was important to spider colonization and establishment in that year. However, in 1990 spider abundance was not correlated with any of the vegetation characteristics we measured. The late season spider density was positively correlated with weed biomass and the damage inflicted on the soybean leaves by herbivores was negatively correlated with the number of web-spiders across the three years. These data suggest that the web-spider community responds to some aspects of the plant community and that they have the potential to impact plant production by reducing the action of herbivores.}, keywords = {/ / Butler County, America, Araneae (Arachnida)., Araneae [Community structure / / Web building community, changes, dynamics / / Seasonal abundance] [Cultivated land habitat / / ] [Ohio, Ecology, Habitat, Land zones, Man made habitat, Nearctic region, North, Oxford]., seasonal, soybean agroecosystems] [Population, USA, Vegetation influences}, isbn = {0161-8202}, url = {://ZOOREC:ZOOR13300030390}, author = {Rypstra, Ann L. and Carter, Paul E.} } @article {348, title = {Species composition and numbers of spider communities occurring on different species of shrubs}, journal = {Ekologia Polska}, volume = {40}, year = {1994}, note = {ZOOR13100043829}, month = {1994}, pages = {287-313}, abstract = {Predatory and parasitoid arthropods occurring on seven species of shrubs surrounding an experimental apple orchard were studied between the years 1978-1987. Spiders represented from 33\% to almost 58\% of all arthropods collected. Upon identification 72 spider species were found, belonging in the following families: Araneidae (with Metidae), Linyhiidae, Tetragnathidae, Agelenidae, Anyphaenidae, Dictynidae, Theridiidae, Clubionidae, Thomisidae, Salticidae, Lycosidae. There were differences in spider species composition and numbers between the shrub species examined. The greatest numbers of spiders were usually found on Crataegus sp., Evonymus europaea and Caragana sp., especially during the second part of the vegetation season. Two species of spiders: Araniella cucurbitina (Cl.) and Theridion varians Hahn., occurred every year on all examined shrubs and jointly accounted for over 34\% of all collected spiders.}, keywords = {[Community structure / / Seasonal changes] [Population dynamics / / ], [Cultivated land habitat / / community structure \& population dynamics], [Poland / / Skierniewice]., Araneae (Arachnida)., Araneae [Food availability / / Prey seasonality, Ecology, Eurasia, Europe, Habitat, Land zones, Man made habitat, Nutrition, orchard edge shrubs], Palaearctic, region}, isbn = {0420-9036}, url = {://ZOOREC:ZOOR13100043829}, author = {Olszak, Remigiusz W. and Luczak, Jadwiga and Zajac, Ryszard Z.} } @article {175, title = {Ecological and biological studies on urban and rural spiders, especially on Hololena adnexa (Araneae: Agelenidae)}, journal = {Dissertation Abstracts International B Sciences and Engineering}, volume = {45}, year = {1984}, note = {ZOOR12300065132}, month = {1984}, pages = {770}, keywords = {[Climate and weather / / ] [Spatial environment / / Plant habitat, [Embryology / / ] [Humidity / / Egg development time relationship], [Food availability / / Insect prey, [Temperature / / ] [California / / development \& reproduction]., Abiotic factors, Animals and man, arachnid, Araneae (Arachnida): [Predator]., Araneae [Habitat modification / / Community relationship, architecture, architecture] [California / / Biology]., areas] [Prey / / Insecta, Availability, Carnivorous feeding, Community structure, community structure relations], community structure relationship] [Urban habitat / / ], community] [California / / ]., density / / ] [Predators / / Araneae (Arachnida), Development, Diet, Ecology, effect on community] [Predator prey, effect on predator, Feeding, Habitat, Hololena adnexa (Araneae)., Hololena adnexa [Mating / / Observations, Influencing factors] [Plant and vegetation habitats / / Diversity \&, Insecta (Arthropoda): [Prey]., Insecta [Predator prey interactions / / Prey abundance, interactions / / Insect prey abundance] [Community structure / /, Land zones, Life cycle and development, Man made habitat, Nearctic region, North America, number / / ] [Life cycle / / Life history] [Development / / ], Nutrition, Physical factors, Population dynamics, Predation, predator community relationship] [Relative abundance / / ] [Population, productivity, Reproduction, reproductive, Reproductive behaviour, Terrestrial habitat, urban \& rural, urban \& rural areas] [Egg, USA}, isbn = {0419-4217}, url = {://ZOOREC:ZOOR12300065132}, author = {Fraser, J. B.} } @article {119, title = {Day vs. night sampling for spiders in grape vineyards}, journal = {Journal of Arachnology}, volume = {33}, year = {2005}, note = {ZOOR14110058004}, month = {2005}, pages = {25-32}, abstract = {We compared day sampling (between 0700 and 1100) and night sampling (between 1900 and 2300) of spiders on grapevines in a California vineyard in 1993 and 1994, shaking spiders from the vines onto a drop cloth and vacuuming them up. Pooled density of the seven most abundant spider species did not differ significantly between day and night sampling, nor did density of Cheiracanthium inclusum (Miturgidae), Trachelas pacificus (Corrinidae), Oxyopes spp. (Oxyopidae) or Neoscona oaxacensis (Araneidae). Under day sampling Metaphidippus vitis (Salticidae) was 60\% more abundant and Hololena nedra (Agelenidae) more than 2.5 fold more abundant than under night sampling. Daytime sampling generally resulted in a higher percentage of capture for each spider taxa analyzed, but neither of the diversity indices (Shannon-Wiener, Simpson or Bray-Curtis) showed any difference between day and night sampling. Parameters generated by Taylor{\textquoteright}s power law indicate a uniform distribution for most spider taxa, which was not affected by sampling time with the exception of H. nedra. We suggest that at vineyard sites in California with a similar spider community, sampling can be limited to daylight hours if a sampling method is used which is sufficiently vigorous to dislodge spiders from their resting places.}, keywords = {Araneae (Arachnida)., Araneae [Sampling / Day vs night sampling / ] [Cultivated land habitat /, Ecological techniques, Grape vineyard / ] [California / Fresno County, Reedley / ]., Habitat, Land, Man made habitat, Nearctic region, North America, Techniques, USA, zones}, isbn = {0161-8202}, url = {://ZOOREC:ZOOR14110058004}, author = {Costello, Michael J. and Daane, Kent M.} } @article {108, title = {A survey of nectar feeding by spiders in three different habitats}, journal = {Bulletin of Insectology}, volume = {63}, year = {2010}, note = {ZOOR14704028642}, month = {2010}, pages = {203-208}, abstract = {Using cold-anthrone tests, spiders collected in the field were sampled for the presence of plant sugar (fructose). The spiders came from three different habitats: a cotton field, a mixed rape and fava bean field, and a park with flowering woody and herbaceous plants. The percentages of fructose-positive spiders were compared among the different habitats, as well as among the different sexes and ages of Ebrechtella tricuspidata (F.) (Araneae Thomisidae). Out of 745 field-collected spiders, 18.7\% were positive for fructose, indicating that these spiders feed on plant nectar. Of the 12 families of spiders represented, individuals from 9 families were positive for fructose: Oxyopidae, Thomisidae, Pisauridae, Salticidae, Lycosidae, Tetragnathidae, Araneidae, Nephilidae, and Agelenidae. All members of the other three families (Linyphiidae, Clubionidae and Theridiidae) were negative for fructose. There were no differences for nectar feeding in spiders among the three habitats: 19.3\% of individuals from the cotton field, 16.6\% from the mixed rape and lava bean field, and 20.0\% in park with flowering woody and herbaceous plants tested positive for fructose. For E. tricuspidata, significantly more females were positive than males (87.5\% versus 42.9\%); and immatures tested positive at a lower rate than adults (26.5\% and 66.7\%, respectively).}, keywords = {Araneae, Araneae (Arachnida)., Asia, China, Cotton, Diet, Ebrechtella tricuspidata (Araneae)., Ebrechtella tricuspidata [Food plants / Nectar feeding /, Eurasia, Habitat, habitat / ] [Hubei / / ]., land habitat / Cotton, rape \& fava bean fields / ] [Urban habitat / Park, Land zones, Man made habitat, Nutrition, Palaearctic, rape \& fava bean fields] [Feeding behaviour / / ] [Cultivated, region}, isbn = {1721-8861}, url = {://ZOOREC:ZOOR14704028642}, author = {Chen, Xiaoqiong and Chen, Yuanchun and Wu, Lingbing and Peng, Yu and Chen, Jian and Liu, Fengxiang} } @article {9, title = {Major true spiders (Araneae) and their predatory effects on dominant aphid species in alfalfa agroecosystem at western Saudi Arabia}, journal = {Bulletin of Faculty of Agriculture Cairo University}, volume = {55}, year = {2004}, note = {ZOOR14006037705}, month = {2004}, pages = {331-346}, abstract = {The weekly intensive survey showed that two major aphid species, are widely prevalent in the alfalfa agroecosystem including the black alfalfa aphid Macrosiphum sp. and the spotted alfalfa aphid Therioaphis trifolii (Monell). A rich fauna of true spiders (Araneae) was also recorded as foliage-dwelling spiders that belong to 6 major families. Three major predominant spider families arranged by their percentage presence included Philodromidae (24.09\%), Thomisidae (21.09\%), Salticidae (16.58\%). However, other less predominant families included Zodariidae (4.68\%) Gnaphosidae (4.22\%), N Therididae (3.80\%), Lycosidae (3.01\%). Araneidae (2.51\%), Cithaeronidae (0.40\%), Agelenidae (0.88\%), Pholcidae (0.38\%) and Clubionidae (0.33\%). A linear correlation existed between the total numbers of spider complex and the total number of the spotted alfalfa aphid showed an appreciable synchrony with the population of the highly prevalent host (prey) throughout the year.}, keywords = {[Arachnid predators / Araneae / Predator prey population interactions, / Hada Al-Sham / ]., Araneae (Arachnida): [Predator]., Araneae [Insect prey / Macrosiphum \& Therioaphis trifolii (Hemiptera) /, Asia, culivated land], cultivated land] [Community, cultivated land] [Cultivated land habitat / / plant host] [Saudi Arabia, Diet, Ecology, Eurasia, Habitat, Hosts, Land zones, Macrosiphum, Macrosiphum (Aphidoidea): [Parasite, Prey]., Man made habitat, Nutrition, Palaearctic region, Parasites diseases and disorders, Population dynamics, Population interactions with arachnid predators, Predator prey population interactions, Predators, Prey, prey prevalence relationship] [Cultivated land habitat / / Community, structure / / Seasonal changes] [Population density / / Hemipteran, structure \& population interactions with hemipteran prey] [Saudi Arabia, Therioaphis trifolii (Aphidoidea): [Parasite, Prey]., Therioaphis trifolii [Plant hosts / Medicago sativa /}, isbn = {0526-8613}, url = {://ZOOREC:ZOOR14006037705}, author = {Al Ghamdi, Kh M. S.} }