@article {489,
	title = {Distribution of the medically-implicated hobo spider (Araneae: Agelenidae) and a benign congener, Tegenaria duellica, in the United States and Canada},
	journal = {Journal of Medical Entomology},
	volume = {40},
	year = {2003},
	note = {ZOOR13900033455},
	month = {2003},
	pages = {159-164},
	abstract = {The hobo spider, Tegenaria agrestis (Walckenaer), and the related Tegenaria duellica Simon are very similar European spiders that have become well established in the northwestern United States and British Columbia. The hobo spider is considered to be medically important; T. duellica is considered harmless but is often misidentified as the hobo spider. The current distribution of the hobo spider includes southern British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, Idaho, northern Utah, the western half of Montana, western Wyoming, and two small, isolated populations in Colorado. T. duellica is found mostly west of the Cascade and Coastal mountain ranges from southern British Columbia to central Oregon. In large human population centers where both species are sympatric, T. duellica is usually more common than the hobo spider. Data from a total of 1,232 hobo spiders and 395 T. duellica are included in this study.},
	keywords = {abundance / / Non native species in sympatry] [Population size / /, abundance of non native species, Animals and man, British Columbia \& USA] [Relative, Canada, Community structure, Distribution \& relative abundance of non native species] [USA / North, Ecology, Land, Nearctic region, non native species] [British Columbia / /, North America, Population dynamics, Seasonal abundance, Tegenaria agrestis, Tegenaria agrestis (Araneae)., Tegenaria duellica (Araneae)., Tegenaria duellica [Synanthropy / / Distribution \&, west / ]., zones},
	isbn = {0022-2585},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR13900033455},
	author = {Vetter, Richard S. and Roe, Alan H. and Bennett, Robert G. and Baird, Craig R. and Royce, Lynn A. and Lanier, William T. and Antonelli, Arthur L. and Cushing, Paula E.}
}
@article {468,
	title = {Fragmenta Faunistica Tirolensia - 9. (Arachnida: Aranei, Opiliones; Myriapoda: Chilopoda, Diplopoda: Glomerida; Insecta: Dermaptera, Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)},
	journal = {Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlich-Medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck},
	volume = {77},
	year = {1990},
	note = {ZOOR12700047810},
	month = {1990},
	pages = {225-243},
	abstract = {Four contributions to the arthropod fauna of Nordtirol (Austria) are presented: on spiders (2), rove beetles (3) and on pill millipedes (4), together with new localities (1) for centipedes and earwigs. (1) From urban habitats are recorded 3 centipedes together with 2 Dermaptera: 2 casual introductions (Scutigera coleoptrata (L.), Scolopendra cingulata LATR.), Lamyctes fulvicornis MEINERT, Apterygida media (HAGENBACH), Labia minor (L.). New localities are given for Anechura bipunctata (F.), an earwig occurring in the Alps only discontinuously. (2) Spiders. (i) The list of myromecophilous spiders from Nordtirol includes 6 species, Erigoninae (4), Linyphiinae (1), Agelenidae (1). 4 of them are occurring widely also in the lowlands of mid Europe, 2 species were known previously from the Carpatian mountains (Syedra myrmicarum (KULCZ.)) and from the Pyrenees (Diastanillus pecuarius E.S.) respectively. (ii) In an urban garden at the periphery of Innsbruck 53 spider species were caught with pitfalls together with 6 Opiliones. This site apparently is a small habitat island, allowing up to now survival of meadow spiders and of some species of xerothermic sites avoiding human impact. (3) Staphylinidae: A list of 69 rove beetles from cultivated land near Innbruck (Rinn 900 m) is given, with comments on phenology and collecting sites. (4) Glomerida: A critical list of the Glomerida of Nordtirol with referrences to the literature since 1884 includes 8 species (1 Glomeridella, 5 Glomeris, 1 Onychoglomeris, 1 Trachysphaera) and 5 further species with doubtful and insufficient records only. Glomerida are restricted almost entirely to natural habitats, distribution in altitude from lowland to the timberline and in alpine grassland.},
	keywords = {[Austria / / Tyrol, / ] [Austria / / Tyrol, Arachnid associate, Araneae (Arachnida)., Araneae [Associations / / Formicidae (Hymenoptera), associate records] [Austria / / Tyrol, Associations, biology]., Chilopoda (Myriapoda)., Chilopoda [Habitat exploitation / / Records \& biology] [Urban habitat /, Coleoptera (Insecta)., Coleoptera [Community structure / / Austria] [Seasonal abundance / /, Dermaptera (Insecta)., Dermaptera [Urban habitat / / Records \& biology] [Austria / / Tyrol, distribution, Distribution records, Distribution records \&, Distribution records \& biology]., Distribution within habitat, Ecology, Eurasia, Europe, exploitation / / Records \& biology] [Austria / / Tyrol, first record]., Formicidae (Formicoidea)., Formicidae [Associations / / Araneae (Arachnida), Glomerida (Diplopoda)., Glomerida [Vertical distribution / / Altitude distribution] [Habitat, Habitat, habitat / / ] [Austria / / Tyrol, including new localities \& biology]., Lamyctes fulvicornis, Lamyctes fulvicornis (Chilopoda): [New record]., land habitat / / ] [Austria / / Tyrol, Land zones, Man made habitat, Myrmecophilous, North, Opiliones (Arachnida)., Opiliones [Urban habitat / / Records \& biology] [Austria / / Tyrol, Palaearctic region, Phenology]., Population dynamics, records \& biology]., records]., Scolopendra cingulata, Scolopendra cingulata (Chilopoda): [New record]., Scutigera coleoptrata, Scutigera coleoptrata (Chilopoda): [New record]., species records] [Habitat exploitation / / Records \& biology] [Urban, Staphylinidae (Staphylinoidea)., Staphylinidae [Habitat exploitation / / Records \& biology] [Cultivated},
	isbn = {0379-1416},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR12700047810},
	author = {Thaler, K. and Kofler, A. and Meyer, E.}
}
@article {444,
	title = {Tests for sex differences in fitness-linked traits in the spider Agelenopsis aperta (Araneae: Agelenidae)},
	journal = {Journal of Insect Behavior},
	volume = {7},
	year = {1994},
	note = {ZOOR13100049255},
	month = {1994},
	pages = {517-532},
	abstract = {The idea that traits linked to individual fitness may differ between males and females was tested in the desert funnel-web spider, Agelenopsis aperta. The study entailed comparison of juvenile male and female behavior with respect to three traits previously shown to be linked to female body mass and ultimately to individual female fitness: habitat discrimination, territorial behavior, and agonistic behavior. As juveniles, male and female spiders behave similarly: they utilize the same habitat cues in locating web sites, maintain similar territory sizes, and exhibit the same behavior patterns in territorial disputes. Like females, males that obtain the highest-quality web sites achieve a greater body mass and are more likely to survive to maturity.},
	keywords = {Agelenopsis aperta (Araneae)., Agelenopsis aperta [Weight / / Fitness indicator, Animal constructions, Behaviour, Biometrics, Carrizozo, comparative test of, comparative test of sexual differences] [Natural, comparative tests for sex differences]., differences] [Agonistic behaviour / / Link to fitness indicator \& tests, Ecology, Evolution, Fitness linked traits, for sex differences] [Territoriality / / ] [Survival / / Body mass, for sex differences] [Webs / / Site selection, Habitat utilization, Land zones, link to fitness \& test, Nearctic region, North America, Population dynamics, preference / / Web site quality discrimination, relations \& linked behavioural traits, Reproduction, selection / / Fitness linked behavioural traits, Sex differences, sex differences in linked traits] [Behavioural sex differences / /, test of sex differences] [Habitat, tests for sex, USA, USA] [New Mexico / /},
	isbn = {0892-7553},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR13100049255},
	author = {Singer, Fred and Riechert, Susan E.}
}
@article {429,
	title = {Field \& laboratory observations on the life cycle of Coelotes terrestris and C. inermis (Araneae: Agelenidae)},
	journal = {Bulletin de la Societe Europeenne d{\textquoteright}Arachnologie Hors Serie},
	year = {1990},
	note = {ZOOR12700059702No. 1
},
	month = {1990},
	pages = {314-324},
	keywords = {Activity patterns, Behaviour, Coelotes inermis, Coelotes inermis (Araneae)., Coelotes terrestris (Araneae)., Coelotes terrestris [Life cycle / / Comparisons, comparative study] [Belgium / / Brussels, distribution / / Size frequency, Ecology, Eurasia, Europe, forest \& laboratory study] [Seasonal activity / / ] [Age class, Habitat, Land zones, Life cycle and development, Palaearctic region, Population dynamics, Population structure, Terrestrial habitat, unusual findings] [Forest / /, Zonien Forest].},
	isbn = {1274-8153},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR12700059702},
	author = {Segers, H. and Maelfait, J. P.}
}
@article {382,
	title = {The ecology of the cooperative spider Agelena consociata in equatorial Africa (Araneae, Agelenidae)},
	journal = {Journal of Arachnology},
	volume = {14},
	year = {1986},
	note = {ZOOR12400035163},
	month = {1986},
	pages = {175-191},
	keywords = {[Climate and weather / / Rain] [Gabon / / M{\textquoteright}Passa, / / Colony composition \& size, Abiotic factors, Africa, Afrotropical region, Agelena consociata (Araneae)., Agelena consociata [Energy requirements / / Energy budget \& colony size, Animal, Behaviour, budget \& fecundity] [Webs / / Survival, budget] [Population size / / Colony, Colony size, constructions, Ecology, effect, effect of rain \& colony size], effect on egg production \& energy, effect on web survival, energy, Energy budget, fertility \& web survival]., Land zones, Nutrition, on energy budget, Physical factors, Population dynamics, relationship] [Fecundity / / Colony size relationship] [Group behaviour, Reproduction, Reproductive productivity, Social behaviour},
	isbn = {0161-8202},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR12400035163},
	author = {Reichert, S. E. and Roeloffs, R. and Echternacht, A. C.}
}
@article {368,
	title = {Interactions between the social spider Anelosimus studiosus (Araneae, Theridiidae) and foreign spiders that frequent its nests},
	journal = {Journal of Arachnology},
	volume = {35},
	year = {2007},
	note = {ZOOR14309061080},
	month = {2007},
	pages = {143-152},
	abstract = {Because competition for resources generally leads to the spatial exclusion of species using similar resources, it is surprising that foreign spider species are frequently observed in or near the nests of the social spider, Anelosimus studiosus (Hentz 1850) (Theridiidae). In this study, we quantified the frequency of A. studiosus-foreign spider co-occurrence and completed experiments designed to explain the nature of the host-foreign spider species associations. Four families were numerically prominent nest associates of A. studiosus: Salticidae, Anyphaenidae, Araneidae and Tetragnathidae. These families and the Agelenidae (intermediate association rate) and (Philodromidae) (infrequent association rate) were subjected to further study. In choice trials, no foreign spider family discriminated nest silk or A. studiosus, itself, from the foliage the nest is built in. Predation events and maximum inter-individual spacing were significant outcomes of induced pair-wise interactions between host and foreign spiders for all families. Predation events were almost exclusively foreign on host. Field census results show that a close correspondence exists between the rate of loss of A. studiosus nests over time and the association rate of anyphaenids and agelenids at particular sites: these two families were the prominent predators on A. studiosus in laboratory trials. In reciprocal predation tests, juveniles suffered less predation in the presence of a mother; in the reciprocal trials, mothers also suffered less predation from foreign spiders when juveniles were present.},
	keywords = {[Associations / Anelosimus studiosus (Arachnida) / Foreigner, / ]., America, Anelosimus studiosus (Araneae): [Prey]., Anelosimus studiosus [Associations / Araneae (Arachnida) / Foreigner, Animal constructions, Araneae (Arachnida): [Predator]., Araneae [Arachnid prey / Anelosimus studiosus / Intraguild predation, Araneae / Intraguild predation events in nests, Associations, benefits of interactions] [Alabama / / ] [Florida / / ] [Tennessee /, cooccurrences in nests \& costs \& benefits of interactions, cooccurrences with hosts in nests \& interaction costs \& benefits]., Diet, Ecology, events in prey nests, Florida \&, foreigner cooccurrence \&, interaction cost-benefits] [Nests / / Foreigner cooccurrences \& costs \&, Land zones, loss \& foreigner cooccurrence relationships] [Arachnid predators /, Nearctic region, North, Nutrition, Population dynamics, predator-prey cooccurrence relationships, Predators, Prey, Tennessee] [Population censuses / Nest status censuses / Rate of nest, USA, USA]},
	isbn = {0161-8202},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14309061080},
	author = {Perkins, T. Alex and Riechert, Susan E. and Jones, Thomas C.}
}
@article {371,
	title = {Abundance and prey of Coelotes terrestris (Wider) (Araneae, Agelenidae) in hedges},
	journal = {Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society},
	volume = {8},
	year = {1990},
	note = {ZOOR12700032450},
	month = {1990},
	pages = {185-193},
	keywords = {/ ] [Germany / / Aachen, \& microclimate relationship] [Habitat preference / / ] [Terrestrial, Abiotic factors, Abundance \& prey composition]., Coelotes terrestris (Araneae): [Predator]., Coelotes terrestris [Prey / / Arthropoda, Composition, Diet, Ecology, Eurasia, Europe, Habitat, habitat / / Hedge structure \& microclimate influence on abundance \&, Habitat utilization, hedge structure \& microclimate] [Population density / / Hedge structure, influence of, Land zones, microclimate influence on abundance \& prey composition] [Temperature /, Nutrition, Palaearctic, Physical factors, Population dynamics, prey composition] [Man made habitat / / ] [Humidity / / Hedge, region},
	isbn = {0524-4994},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR12700032450},
	author = {Petto, R.}
}
@article {340,
	title = {The foliage-dwelling spider community of an abandoned grassland ecosystem in eastern Switzerland assessed by sweep sampling},
	journal = {Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft},
	volume = {60},
	year = {1987},
	note = {ZOOR12400068312},
	month = {1987},
	pages = {383-389},
	abstract = {The foliage-dwelling spiders of an abandoned grassland ecosystem (Valeriano-Filipenduletum, Carex acutiformis Ehrh. type) in eastern Switzerland were studied from June to September by sweeping technique. A total of 632 adult specimens representing 22 identified species has been collected by sweeping (based on totally ca. 2000 single sweeps). More than two thirds of the sampled adult spiders were females. At all times, more immature than adult spiders were captured (overall, 83\% immatures). Among the 3756 collected spiders (immatures plus adults), the six families Agelenidae, Araneidae, Micryphantidae, Pisauridae, Salticidae, and Tetragnathidae prevailed in the sweep net samples (combined ca. 90\% of all spiders). The five speices Eyarcha arcuata (Clerck), Hylyphantes nigritus (Simon), Neottiura bimaculata (L.) Pisaura mirabilis (Clerck), and Tetragnatha extensa (L.)constituted combined > 80\% of all adult spiders sampled by sweeping. The web-building spiders T. extensa and H. nigritus were the two species most frequently captured. Adults of large orbweaving spiders (Argiope bruennichi [Scopoli], Araneus quadratus Clerck, and Araneus diadematuss Clerck)were abundant in the investigated grassland habitat (assessed by web counts), but obviously underproportionately represented in the sweep net samples. Considering the total number of spiders (imatures plus adults) per 100 single sweeps, a strong increase from spring to late summer was noticed which is considered to be primarily due to egg-laying of them most dominant species in spring followed by hatching of the spiderlings in the course of the summer. Since spiders are abundant predators in this grassland ecosystem (ca. 0.1 m2 web area/m2 ground area, alone due to orb-weavers in August/Sept.), they may be important mortality agents of grassland arthropods.},
	keywords = {[Seasonal abundance / / Foliage dwelling community of abandoned, abandoned grassland], Araneae (Arachnida)., Araneae [Community structure / / Foliage dwelling, Ecology, Eurasia, Europe, foliage dwelling community, grassland] [Grassland / / Abandoned, Habitat, Land zones, Palaearctic region, Population dynamics, structure] [Switzerland / / Glatt River]., Terrestrial habitat},
	isbn = {0036-7575},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR12400068312},
	author = {Nyffeler, M. and Benz, G.}
}
@article {294,
	title = {To the knowledge of the funnel-web spides spider Agelena labyrinthica (Araneae, Agelenidae) in the Transuralian forest steppe},
	journal = {Zoologicheskii Zhurnal},
	volume = {74},
	year = {1995},
	note = {ZOOR13200068494},
	month = {1995},
	pages = {139-143},
	keywords = {[Population density / / Web abundance as indicator] [Webs / / Funnel, adaptation / / Funnel web, Agelena labyrinthica (Araneae): [Predator]., Agelena labyrinthica [Insect prey / / Spectrum, Animal constructions, capture / / Funnel web structure relationships] [Evolutionary, Diet, Ecology, Eurasia, Evolution, Feeding behaviour, feeding ecology relationships]., Foraging, forest steppe] [Food preferences / / Insect prey spectrum] [Food, Funnel web structure, Habitat, influencing factors, insect prey capture relationships], Land zones, Nutrition, Palaearctic region, Population dynamics, Prey, structure role in feeding ecology] [Russia / / Chelyabinsk Region, Terrestrial habitat, web structure role in food capture] [Forest and woodland / / web},
	isbn = {0044-5134},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR13200068494},
	author = {Mazura, N. S. and Esyunin, S. L.}
}
@article {268,
	title = {Spatial and temporal distribution patterns of Agelena labyrinthica (Clerck, 1757) webs (Agelenidae) in an unfertilized, calcareous grassland in the Swiss Jura mountains},
	journal = {Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft},
	volume = {71},
	year = {1998},
	note = {ZOOR13500048333},
	month = {1998},
	pages = {275-283},
	abstract = {The spatial distribution, density and size of sheet-funnel webs of the spider Agelena labyrinthica (CLERCK, 1757) were examined in a nutrient-poor, calcareous grassland in the Northwestern Swiss Jura mountains over a period of four years (1993-1996). Individuals of A. labyrinthica are known for their high web-site tenacity. Webs of A. labyrinthica showed an aggregated dispersion pattern. Web density was significantly higher in 1993 (0.23 webs/ml) than in the three succeeding years (0.06, 0.07 and 0.05 webs/m2). In each year there was a pronounced spatial heterogeneity of web density in the grassland examined. There was also a considerable variability in web size (area of the horizontal sheet) within and between years (range of yearly mean values: 50.2-96.8 cm2). However, web size was not affected by web density. After successful hibernation spiderlings frequently chose the same positions for web construction as did spiders of the parent generation in the preceding year. This indicates that certain spots in the grassland might be particularly suitable for webs of A. labyrinthica.},
	keywords = {[Switzerland / / Jura mountains, \& site tenacity] [Webs / / Spatial distribution, Agelena labyrinthica (Araneae)., Agelena labyrinthica [Population density / / temporal patterns, Animal constructions, calcareous grassland] [Distribution within habitat / / Web distribution, density, density \& size], Ecology, Eurasia, Europe, Habitat, Land zones, maintenance] [Grassland / / Web distribution, Palaearctic region, Population dynamics, size \&, Terrestrial, Vicques].},
	isbn = {0036-7575},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR13500048333},
	author = {Ledergerber, Stephan and Baur, Bruno}
}
@article {261,
	title = {Seasonal abundance and diversity of spiders in two intertidal marsh plant communities},
	journal = {Estuaries},
	volume = {8},
	year = {1985},
	note = {ZOOR12200035682},
	month = {1985},
	pages = {381-393},
	abstract = {The spiders of two Mississippi [USA] marsh communities were studied from January 1982 through March 1983. Monthly collections were made in two adjacent marsh plant zones dominated by Spartina cynosuroides (L.) Roth and Juncus roemerianus Scheele respectively. A total of 38 species of spiders (36 in Spartina, 33 in Juncus) representing 13 families were collected. The dominant species in the Spartina zone included Pirata mayaca Gertsch, Lycosa watsoni Gertsch (Lycosidae), Clubiona saltitans Emerton, Scotinella formica (Banks) (Clubionidae), Floricormus sp. (Linyphiidae), Dictyna sylvania Chamberlin \& Ivie (Dictynidae), Paramaevia hobbsae (Barnes) (Salticidae), and Agelenopsis barrowsi Gertsch (Agelenidae). The dominant species in the Juncus zone included Lycosa watsoni, Pirata mayaca, Clubiona saltitans and Sarindia henzi (Banks) (Salticidae). Density, biomass, species richness and equitability peaked in May in the Juncus zone and in June in the Spartina zone. Peak levels of density and biomass corresponded to the reproductive activity of the common species, while diversity patterns were attributable to the reproductive activity of the less common species. Mean values of density and biomass over the study period were 84.8 spiders per m2 and 155.6 mg per m2 in the Spartina zone and 39.4 spiders per m2 and 133.0 mg per m2 in Juncus zone. The Juncus zone was flooded more frequently, contained less litter, and supported lower overall density and diversity of spiders.},
	keywords = {[Seasonal abundance / / ] [Intertidal zone / / Marsh plant habitats, Araneae (Arachnida)., Araneae [Species diversity / / Intertidal marsh plant habitats], Community structure, Ecology, Habitat, Intertidal marsh plants] [Mississippi / / St Louis Bay, Jourdan River, Land zones, Marine, Marine benthic zone, Nearctic, North America, Population dynamics, region, Seasonal abundance \& diversity in intertidal marsh plant habitats]., seasonal abundance \& diversity] [Plant and vegetation habitats / /, Terrestrial habitat, USA},
	isbn = {0160-8347},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR12200035682},
	author = {LaSalle, M. W. and de la Cruz, A. A.}
}
@article {233,
	title = {Habitat management in winter wheat and evaluation of subsequent spider predation on insect pests},
	journal = {Acta Oecologica},
	volume = {16},
	year = {1995},
	note = {ZOOR13300002246},
	month = {1995},
	pages = {389-403},
	abstract = {Density estimates, web cover and predatory importance of different spider families were investigated over one field season in relation to habitat manipulation by strip-management in a winter wheat field at Zollikofen near Berne, Switzerland. Spider densities and web cover were in most cases higher near the sown weed strips than they were away from them. The strips contained a significantly greater web cover for the sheet webs of Linyphiidae in May and at the end of July. Qualitative assessment of spiders{\textquoteright} prey revealed high percentages (up to 92\%) of Diptera and Aphidina (including pests). Quantitative evaluation of spider predation in the orb webs of Araneidae/Tetragnathidae and the sheet webs of Linyphiidae showed very small prey turnover rates e.g. Linyphiidae killed on average 1.5-1.7 aphids m-2 9 h daylight-1 in wheat. Theoretical estimates of diurnal prey capture in all spider webs (including Theridiidae and Agelenidae) were calculated. Comparisons with the reduction of noxious insects by other polyphagous predators suggested that in the investigated field the importance of spiders as biological control agents is rather small.},
	keywords = {[Arachnid predators / / Araneae, [Cultivated land habitat / / ] [Switzerland / / Berne, [Population size / / Web cover] [Cultivated land habitat / / ], [Switzerland / / Berne, Animals and man, Arachnida, Araneae (Arachnida): [Predator]., Araneae [Farming and agriculture / / Wheat, Commercial activities, Diet, Disturbance by man, Ecology, ecology \& predation] [Insect prey / / Wheat field, effects on predation] [Population density / / strip management effects], Eurasia, Europe, Habitat, Insecta (Arthropoda): [Prey]., Insecta [Farming and agriculture / / Wheat field, Land zones, Man made, Nutrition, Palaearctic region, Population dynamics, predation by, Predators, Prey, strip management, strip management effects on, strip management effects on predation], strip management effects] [Population regulation / / ], Zollikofen].},
	isbn = {1146-609X},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR13300002246},
	author = {Jmhasly, Patrick and Nentwig, Wolfgang}
}
@article {204,
	title = {Ecology of spiders inhabiting abandoned mines mammal burrows in South African savanna},
	journal = {Oecologia (Berlin)},
	volume = {76},
	year = {1988},
	note = {ZOOR12500033335},
	month = {1988},
	pages = {303-306},
	abstract = {In the Nylsvley Nature Reserve, in the South African savanna, the spider community in 320 abandoned mammal burrows was investigated. Three species, Agelena ocellata (Agelenidae), Euprosthenops proximus (Pisauridae) and Smeringopus pallidus (Pholcidae), coexisted in the burrows. The number of individuals and the number of species inhabiting the burrows increased with burrow size. Gerbil burrows were apparently too small to provide space for more than one individual of any of the three species. Only the burrows of springhares, warthogs, and antbears contained more than one spider. When artificial burrows were provided a rapid increase in settlement resulted. Competition for space therefore seems to be the determining factor influencing the population size. A relatively low number of prey items (136, in 119 webs) were found in agelenid webs only. Kleptoparasitic ants were observed stealing prey items from the webs.},
	keywords = {[Distribution within habitat / / Space requirements] [Habitat, [Transvaal / / Nylsvley Nature Reserve]., / / Mammalia, / Abandoned mammalian burrows] [Distribution within habitat / / Space, abandoned mammalian, Africa, Agelena ocellata (Araneae): [Predator]., Agelena ocellata [Diet / / Arthropod prey records, Animal constructions, arachnid, Araneae (Arachnida)., Araneae [Community structure / / Abandoned mammalian burrows, Associations, brantsi [Nest and burrow fauna / / Araneae (Arachnida), burrows] [Prey / / Arthropoda, colonization / / Artificial mammalian burrows] [Grassland / / ecology, community, Diet, Ecology, Ecology in abandoned burrows, Ecology in abandoned burrows] [Population density / / ], ecology] [Grassland / / arachnid ecology in abandoned burrows], Euprosthenops proximus, Euprosthenops proximus (Araneae)., Habitat, in abandoned mammalian burrows] [Transvaal / / Nylsvley Nature, Land, Mammalia, Mammalia (Vertebrata)., Mammalia [Nest and burrow fauna / / Araneae (Arachnida), Nutrition, Orycteropus afer, Orycteropus afer (Orycteropodidae)., Pedetes capensis, Pedetes capensis (Pedetidae)., Phacochoerus aethiopicus, Phacochoerus aethiopicus (Suidae)., Population dynamics, Records, requirements] [Grassland / / ecology in abandoned mammalian burrows], Reserve]., savanna, savanna] [Burrows / / Abandoned, savanna] [Nest and burrow fauna, savanna] [Population density /, Smeringopus pallidus (Araneae)., Smeringopus pallidus [Nest and burrow fauna / /, South Africa, Tatera, Tatera brantsi (Muridae)., Terrestrial habitat, Transvaal]., utilization, zones},
	isbn = {0029-8549},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR12500033335},
	author = {Heidger, C.}
}
@article {198,
	title = {Mother-offspring food transfer in Coelotes terrestris (Araneae, Agelenidae)},
	journal = {Journal of Arachnology},
	volume = {19},
	year = {1991},
	note = {ZOOR12800017224},
	month = {1991},
	pages = {97-101},
	abstract = {Three different modes of maternal food supply have been reported in the subsocial agelenid species Coelotes terrestris: prey provisioning, consumption of the mother{\textquoteright}s body, and regurgitation of nutritive fluids. Although the first two modes are well documented, the latter is not fully assessed. By comparing-in the absence of any prey-the weight variations in spiderlings either left with their mothers or isolated, and by simultaneously comparing the weight variations of mothers, either isolated or left within the group of spiderlings, it was possible to see evidence of a significant and long-lasting food transfer from the mother to her progeny. This food transfer probably explains the high level of survivorship and reduction of cannibalism showed by broods left with their mothers. Close observation provided no direct evidence of mouth to mouth transfer. Rather, the food transfer appears to involve the production and emission of miniature eggs by the mother when in presence of spiderlings, a phenomenon which to date seems not to have been noted among spiders.},
	keywords = {[Egg laying / / ] [Parental care / / Food transfer to offspring, \& apart, among young, and development, Biometrics, Coelotes terrestris (Araneae)., Coelotes terrestris [Weight / / Changes in mother \& young kept together, Development, Ecology, evidence for food transfer] [Feeding behaviour / / Cannibalism, evidence from weight changes \& observations] [Growth / / Young kept, influence of maternal presence \& food supply] [Egg / /, Life cycle, Nutrition, observations \& first report for Araneae], Population dynamics, Reproduction, Reproductive behaviour, Trophic eggs for feeding young, with \& apart from mother] [Survival / / ].},
	isbn = {0161-8202},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR12800017224},
	author = {Gundermann, J. L. and Horel, A. and Roland, C.}
}
@article {200,
	title = {The biology of Tuberta maerens (Araneae, Agelenidae)},
	journal = {Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society},
	volume = {10},
	year = {1995},
	note = {ZOOR13200037494},
	month = {1995},
	pages = {97-100},
	keywords = {[Longevity / / ] [Mortality / / ] [Distribution within habitat / /, Animal constructions, Development, Dispersal] [Habitat preference / / ] [Webs / / Structure] [Palaearctic, Ecology, Feeding behaviour, habitat \& prey preferences \& life, Habitat utilization, history]., Land zones, Life cycle and development, Nutrition, Population dynamics, region / / Distribution, Reproduction, Reproductive behaviour, Reproductive productivity, season / / Time \& duration] [Egg number / / Notes] [Development / / ], Tuberta maerens (Araneae)., Tuberta maerens [Food preferences / / Prey preferences] [Breeding, web type},
	isbn = {0524-4994},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR13200037494},
	author = {Hambler, Clive}
}
@article {174,
	title = {Methodisches zur Ermittlung der Siedlungsdichte von Bodentieren aus Quadratproben und Barberfallen},
	journal = {Pedobiologia},
	volume = {32},
	year = {1988},
	note = {ZOOR12500053416},
	month = {1988},
	pages = {253-264},
	abstract = {During investigations into the soil fauna of beech wood litter mould in Ettlingen municipal Forest near Karlsruhe (Baden-Wurttemberg) the macrofauna was determined by hand sorted quadrats and pitfall traps. Quadrats yield direct population density values. Their precision depends on the efficiency of sorting, their representivity on the sample size. The efficiency was tested by sorting the same sample three times. Efficiency "E" of hand sorting for macro- and mesofauna lies between 63\% (Dipteran larvae) and 100\% (Gastropoda, Opiliones, Dermaptera); for mesofauna it is inadequate. The represensitivity "R" of a sample was assesed using means and standard deviations of three parallel samples of 1/9 m2. R = 1 - s/.hivin.x, with values between 0.72 (Entomobryidae) and 0.97 (Enchytraeidae), is good to very good for the individual-rich macrofaunal groups. For the poorly represented groups the representivity is bad, with values of 0.56 (Pseudoscorpiones) and 0.48 (Dermaptera), and inadequate for the megafauna, values under 0.22 (Lumbricidae, Gastropoda). On the whole results of hand sorted quadrats multiplied by 1/E are a good estimate of the real abundance of these animal groups. The activity density, detected by pitfall traps, is essentially a product of locomotive activity and population density. To relate activity density to population density pitfall traps were gradually increased from 5 to 9 to 21 to 41 traps per plot to empty a 3 m .times. 3 m area and to determine the range or catch area of a single pitfall trap. The catch area varies for each species, but species can be combined roughly by group and size class. In the two most frequent groups, beetles and spiders, there was no emptying effect for the smaller species. A catch area of ca. 1 m2 could be estimated for the bigger beetles with body length greater than 7 mm - mainly Carabidae - and ca. 0.7 m2 for spiders with body length more than 6 mm - mainly Agelenidae.},
	keywords = {Ecological techniques, Ecology, Ettlingen]., Eurasia, Europe, evaluations] [Soil habitat / / technique evaluations] [Germany / /, Habitat, Invertebrata (Animalia)., Invertebrata [Population density measurement / / Pitfall trap \& quadrat, Land zones, method evaluations] [Population density / / Estimation technique, Palaearctic region, Population dynamics, Techniques, Terrestrial habitat},
	isbn = {0031-4056},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR12500053416},
	author = {Franke, U. and Friebe, B. and Beck, L.}
}
@article {175,
	title = {Ecological and biological studies on urban and rural spiders, especially on Hololena adnexa (Araneae: Agelenidae)},
	journal = {Dissertation Abstracts International B Sciences and Engineering},
	volume = {45},
	year = {1984},
	note = {ZOOR12300065132},
	month = {1984},
	pages = {770},
	keywords = {[Climate and weather / / ] [Spatial environment / / Plant habitat, [Embryology / / ] [Humidity / / Egg development time relationship], [Food availability / / Insect prey, [Temperature / / ] [California / / development \& reproduction]., Abiotic factors, Animals and man, arachnid, Araneae (Arachnida): [Predator]., Araneae [Habitat modification / / Community relationship, architecture, architecture] [California / / Biology]., areas] [Prey / / Insecta, Availability, Carnivorous feeding, Community structure, community structure relations], community structure relationship] [Urban habitat / / ], community] [California / / ]., density / / ] [Predators / / Araneae (Arachnida), Development, Diet, Ecology, effect on community] [Predator prey, effect on predator, Feeding, Habitat, Hololena adnexa (Araneae)., Hololena adnexa [Mating / / Observations, Influencing factors] [Plant and vegetation habitats / / Diversity \&, Insecta (Arthropoda): [Prey]., Insecta [Predator prey interactions / / Prey abundance, interactions / / Insect prey abundance] [Community structure / /, Land zones, Life cycle and development, Man made habitat, Nearctic region, North America, number / / ] [Life cycle / / Life history] [Development / / ], Nutrition, Physical factors, Population dynamics, Predation, predator community relationship] [Relative abundance / / ] [Population, productivity, Reproduction, reproductive, Reproductive behaviour, Terrestrial habitat, urban \& rural, urban \& rural areas] [Egg, USA},
	isbn = {0419-4217},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR12300065132},
	author = {Fraser, J. B.}
}
@article {38,
	title = {Artropodos epigeos del Macizo de San Juan de la Pena (Jaca, Prov. de Huesca): 9. Aranas agelenidas y hahnidas},
	journal = {Pirineos},
	volume = {35},
	year = {1985},
	note = {ZOOR12300042512No. 126
},
	month = {1985},
	pages = {81-131},
	keywords = {] [Age class distribution / / Seasonal changes] [Population sex ratio /, / ] [Habitat preference / / Mountain woodlands] [Mountain habitat / /, age \& sex ratios, Agelenidae, Agelenidae (Araneae): [New record]., Cryphoeca sylvicola, Cryphoeca sylvicola (Araneae): [New record]., de la Pena, Ecology, Eurasia, Europe, First record for Iberian Peninsula]., Habitat, habitat preferences]., Habitat utilization, Hahnia ononidum - Simon 1875 (Araneae): [New record]., Hahnia ononidum [Spain / / Huesca, Hahniidae (Araneae): [New record]., Hahniidae [Genitalia / / Morphology] [Breeding season / /, Jaca, Land zones, Palaearctic region, phenology, Population dynamics, Population structure, Reproduction, reproductive, Reproductive behaviour, Reproductive system, San Juan, San Juan de la Pena, Species list including first records for Iberian Peninsula, Terrestrial habitat, Woodland preferences] [Spain / / Huesca},
	isbn = {0373-2568},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR12300042512},
	author = {Barrientos, J. A.}
}
@article {24,
	title = {Interdemic selection and the sex ratio: a social spider perspective},
	journal = {American Naturalist},
	volume = {142},
	year = {1993},
	note = {ZOOR13000041301},
	month = {1993},
	pages = {320-345},
	abstract = {Computer simulations of a metapopulation model that mimics social spider populations show that highly female-biased sex ratios evolve when continuously inbreeding lineages (colonies) proliferate differentially to replace other lineages that have become extinct. When lineages of any size proliferated, that is, when the advantage to the colony of producing more females was removed, biased sex ratios did not evolve despite extreme conditions of inbreeding. Selection at the colony level is therefore necessary to counteract Fisherian selection within colonies, which here is shown to be acting regardless of the degree of population subdivision. Smaller size of the founding groups and lower migration rates resulted in more female-biased sex ratios because they reduced the within-group genetic variance and increased the variance among groups and therefore made selection among groups more effective. The outcome of the selective process, however, depended not only on the degree of population subdivision (i.e., the ratio of the variances), but also on the relative rate of turnover of the groups and the individuals within them: the lower the rate of colony turnover, the less biased the equilibrium sex ratio. The threshold size for proliferation, brood size, and conditional control over the production of at least one male also affected the equilibrium sex ratio under some of the conditions investigated.},
	keywords = {Agelenidae, Agelenidae (Araneae)., Araneae (Arachnida)., Araneae [Natural selection / / Interdemic selection, Dictynidae, Dictynidae (Araneae)., Ecology, effect on sex ratio, Eresidae, Eresidae (Araneae)., Evolution, model] [Population sex ratio / / Interdemic, model]., Population dynamics, Population structure, selection / / Interdemic selection, selection effect]., social taxa, Theridiidae, Theridiidae (Araneae)., Thomisidae (Araneae)., Thomisidae [Natural},
	isbn = {0003-0147},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR13000041301},
	author = {Aviles, Leticia}
}
@article {25,
	title = {Social behaviour in a web-building lynx spider, Tapinillus sp. (Araneae: Oxyopidae)},
	journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean Society},
	volume = {52},
	year = {1994},
	note = {ZOOR13100027202},
	month = {1994},
	pages = {163-176},
	abstract = {Social behaviour involving cooperative prey capture and communal feeding is reported for the first time in the spider family Oxyopidae (lynx spiders), in a web-building species of the genus Tapinillus. This social spider inhabits communal webs that may contain several dozen individuals, including adults of both sexes and juveniles of different cohorts. Its colonies occur in clusters and appear to be long-lived, much like those of non-territorial permanently social species such as Anelosimus eximius (Theridiidae) or Agelena consociata (Agelenidae). However, unlike colonies of these other cooperative spiders, the colonies of the social Tapinillus do not have highly female-biased sex ratios. The possible explanations for this difference are discussed.},
	keywords = {/ / ] [Ecuador / / Sucumbios, \& communal feeding in communal webs, Animal, Behaviour, behaviour in communal webs]., communal webs, constructions, Cooperative, cooperative behaviour relationships] [Webs, Cuyabeno Nature Reserve, Ecology, Ecuador]., Feeding behaviour, first report, first report for, Foraging, Land zones, Neotropical region, Nutrition, Oxyopidae (Araneae)., Oxyopidae [Cooperative behaviour / / Prey capture \& communal feeding in, Oxyopidae] [Food capture / / ] [Cooperative behaviour / / Prey capture, Population dynamics, Population structure, sex ratio / / Communal webs, Sex ratio relations] [Population, Social behaviour, South America, Tapinillus (Araneae)., Tapinillus [Food handling / / Communal feeding},
	isbn = {0024-4066},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR13100027202},
	author = {Aviles, Leticia}
}
@article {9,
	title = {Major true spiders (Araneae) and their predatory effects on dominant aphid species in alfalfa agroecosystem at western Saudi Arabia},
	journal = {Bulletin of Faculty of Agriculture Cairo University},
	volume = {55},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ZOOR14006037705},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {331-346},
	abstract = {The weekly intensive survey showed that two major aphid species, are widely prevalent in the alfalfa agroecosystem including the black alfalfa aphid Macrosiphum sp. and the spotted alfalfa aphid Therioaphis trifolii (Monell). A rich fauna of true spiders (Araneae) was also recorded as foliage-dwelling spiders that belong to 6 major families. Three major predominant spider families arranged by their percentage presence included Philodromidae (24.09\%), Thomisidae (21.09\%), Salticidae (16.58\%). However, other less predominant families included Zodariidae (4.68\%) Gnaphosidae (4.22\%), N Therididae (3.80\%), Lycosidae (3.01\%). Araneidae (2.51\%), Cithaeronidae (0.40\%), Agelenidae (0.88\%), Pholcidae (0.38\%) and Clubionidae (0.33\%). A linear correlation existed between the total numbers of spider complex and the total number of the spotted alfalfa aphid showed an appreciable synchrony with the population of the highly prevalent host (prey) throughout the year.},
	keywords = {[Arachnid predators / Araneae / Predator prey population interactions, / Hada Al-Sham / ]., Araneae (Arachnida): [Predator]., Araneae [Insect prey / Macrosiphum \& Therioaphis trifolii (Hemiptera) /, Asia, culivated land], cultivated land] [Community, cultivated land] [Cultivated land habitat / / plant host] [Saudi Arabia, Diet, Ecology, Eurasia, Habitat, Hosts, Land zones, Macrosiphum, Macrosiphum (Aphidoidea): [Parasite, Prey]., Man made habitat, Nutrition, Palaearctic region, Parasites diseases and disorders, Population dynamics, Population interactions with arachnid predators, Predator prey population interactions, Predators, Prey, prey prevalence relationship] [Cultivated land habitat / / Community, structure / / Seasonal changes] [Population density / / Hemipteran, structure \& population interactions with hemipteran prey] [Saudi Arabia, Therioaphis trifolii (Aphidoidea): [Parasite, Prey]., Therioaphis trifolii [Plant hosts / Medicago sativa /},
	isbn = {0526-8613},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14006037705},
	author = {Al Ghamdi, Kh M. S.}
}
