@article {525,
	title = {A morphological study on the venom apparatus of the spider Agelena labyrinthica (Araneae, Agelenidae)},
	journal = {Turkish Journal of Zoology},
	volume = {28},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ZOOR14011067157},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {149-153},
	abstract = {The morphology of the venom apparatus of the spider Agelena labyrinthica was studied using scanning electron microscopy. The venom apparatus, situated in the anterior of the prosoma, is composed of a pair of chelicerae and venom glands. Each chelicera consists of two parts, a stout basal segment covered by hair, and a movable articulated fang. There are regular, parallel fine grooves on the surface of the cheliceral fang. The venom pore is situated on the subterminal portion of the fang. All of the venom glands are the same size and are shaped like long tubes. Each gland is surrounded by bundles of muscular fibers. Venom is produced in the venom glands, and it is carried by a venom duct passing through the chelicera, exiting from the venom pore during muscular contraction.},
	keywords = {Agelena labyrinthica (Araneae)., Agelena labyrinthica [Toxins and venoms / Venom apparatus /, Biochemistry, Cephalic glands, Digestive system, Morphological study] [Venom glands / / ].},
	isbn = {1300-0179},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14011067157},
	author = {Yigit, Nazife and Guven, Turan and Bayram, Abdullah and Cavusoglu, Kultigin}
}
@article {514,
	title = {Fossil spiders (Araneae) of the family Agelenidae s. str. in Baltic amber},
	journal = {Beitraege zur Araneologie},
	volume = {3B},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ZOOR14101003676},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {1483-1488},
	abstract = {The fossil spiders of the family Agelenidae s. str. in Baltic amber are revised, only two questionable genera of the subfamily Ageleninae are recognized: Agelena WALCKENAER 1805 and Tegenaria LATREILLE 1804. ?Tegenaria fragmentum n. sp. and ?Tegenaria obtusa n. sp. are described. Myro extinctus PETRUNKEVITCH 1958 is not a member of the family Agelenidae but probably of the Dictynidae s. I.: Cryphoecinae, Eocryphoeca is transferred to the Dictynidae s. I.: Cryphoecinae, Clythia KOCH \& BERENDT 1854 and Thyelia KOCH \& BERENDT 1854 are dubious genera and most probably not members of the Agelenidae. Cybaeinae and Textrix SUNDEVALL 1830 are unknown from Baltic amber.},
	keywords = {1483]., Agelenidae (Araneae): [Systematics, Fossil taxa in Baltic amber, p., Caenozoic, Described from amber]., Fossil]., Geological time periods, New taxa, Nomenclature, P. 1485, Described from amber, Systematics, Tegenaria? fragmentum, Tegenaria? fragmentum (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given,, Tegenaria? obtusa (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, Tertiary,, Tegenaria? obtusa [Tertiary / / New species, Tertiary, P. 1486, Described from amber},
	isbn = {0930-1526},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14101003676},
	author = {Wunderlich, Joerg}
}
@article {515,
	title = {Fossil spiders (Araneae) of the family Dictynidae s. l., including Cryphoecinae and Hahniinae in Baltic and Dominican amber and copal from Madagascar, and on selected extant holarctic taxa, with new descriptions and diagnoses},
	journal = {Beitraege zur Araneologie},
	volume = {3B},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ZOOR14101003672},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {1380-1482},
	abstract = {A new diagnosis of the family Dictynidae s. I. (Copaldictyninae, Cryphoecinae (?= Cicurininae), Dictyninae, Hahniinae and Mizagallinae) and a key to the fossil and extant holarctic subfamilies and genera are given, the new subfamilies Mizagallinae (known from fossils in Baltic amber and from extant taxa) and Copaldictyninae (known from copal of Madagascar), and the new tribus Hahniini and Antisteini are introduced; Antisteini are unknown from fossils. 15 of 16 fossil genera of the Dictynidae s. I. of the Baltic amber forest are extinct (= about 40\% of all described holarctic genera) and known from this amber forest only, solely members of Mastigusa survived in the nests of ants. - The following fossil taxa are described from Baltic amber: (1) Cryphoecinae: Balticocryphoeca n. gen with its type species B. curvitarsis n. sp., Cryphoezaga n. gen. with its type species C. dubia n. sp., Eocryphoeca PETRUNKEVITCH 1942, E. bitterfeldensis n. sp., E. electrina n. sp., E. falcata n. sp., E. gibbifera n. sp., E. ligula n. sp., E. mammilla n. sp. and E. splendens n. sp., Eocryphoecara n. gen. with ist type species E. abicera n. sp., Gibbermastigusa n. gen. with its type species G. lateralis n. sp., Mastigusa arcuata n. sp., M. bitterfeldensis n. sp., M. laticymbium n. sp., M. magnibulbus n. sp. and M. scutata n. sp., Protomastigusa n. gen. with its type species P. composita n. sp.; Clythia KOCH \& BERENDT 1854 and Thyelia KOCH \& BERENDT 1854 are dubious genera; Eocryphoeca PETRUNKEVITCH 1946 may be a member of the family Agelenidae. No fossil taxon of the Cryphoecinae is known from Dominican amber. (b) Hahniinae: Cymbiohahnia n. gen. with its type species C. parens n. sp., Protohahnia n. gen., P. antiqua n. sp. and P. tripartita n. sp.; Eohahnia PETRUNKEVITCH 1958 and its type species E. succini PETRUNKEVITCH 1958 are revised, the male is described for the first time. No named fossil taxon of the Hahniidae is known from Dominican amber. The following extant taxa of the Hahniinae are described from the Palaearctic Region: Hahniharmia n. gen. with its type species Hahnia picta KULCZYNSKI 1897 and Spinihahnia n. gen. with its type species Hahnia petrobia SIMON 1875; remarks are given on the taxonomy of the extant genera Asiohahnia OVTCHINNIKOV 1992, Hahnia C. L. KOCH 1841 and Iberina SIMON 1881. (3) Dictyninae in Baltic amber: Brommellina n. gen. with its type species B. Iongungulae n. sp., Chelicirrum n. gen with its type species C. stridulans n. sp., Eobrommella n. gen. with its type species E. scutata n. sp., Eodictyna n. gen. with its type species E. communus n. sp., Scopulyna n. gen. with its type species S. cursor n. sp. (4) Mizagallinae n. subfam., Mizagalla n. gen., M. quattuor n. sp., M. tuberculate n. sp.; the extant genus Mizaga SIMON 1898 is regarded as a member of the Mizagallinae, too. - The following (sub)recent taxa are described from copal of Madagascar: Copaldictyninae n. sub-fam. and Copaldictyna n. gen. with its type species C. madagascariensis n. sp. - Synonymy: (a) Fossils in Baltic amber: The synonymy of Arthrodictynidae PETRUNKEVITCH 1942, Auximus sensu PETRUNKEVITCH 1958 and Eolathys PETRUNKEVITCH 1950 - all described from Baltic amber - is shortly discussed. (b) Extants: Altella SIMON 1884 (n. syn.) and probably Hackmania LEHTINEN 1967 (quest. syn.) = Argenna THORELL 1869. - Parthenogenesis is supposed to exist in the extant Hahnia microphthalma SNAZELL \& DUFFEY 1980. Three kinds of stridulatory organs are reported from the Dictynidae s.I.; kleptoparasitism and social life in fossil Hahniinae are shortly discussed; parts of capture webs including cribellate threads are reported from fossil members of the Dictyninae; distinct allometric growth, is re-ported from the male chelicerae of Eodictyna communis; weakly reqenerated legs are reported from Eocryphoeca bitterfeldensis.},
	keywords = {1395, 1396, Described from amber, 1407, Described from amber, 1429]., Africa, Afrotropical region, amber]., Antistea - Simon 1898 (Araneae): [Designated type genus for new tribe,, Antistea Simon 1898, p. 1414]., Antisteini (Araneae): [Tribe nov, Of subfamily Hahniinae, Type genus, Antisteini, p. 1414]., Argenna - Thorell 1869 (Araneae): [Syn nov, Altella Simon 1884, p., Balticocryphoeca, Balticocryphoeca (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of subfamily Cryphoecinae, Type, Balticocryphoeca curvitarsis, Balticocryphoeca curvitarsis (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not, bitterfeldensis, Brommellina, Brommellina (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of subfamily Dictyninae, Type species, Brommellina longungulae, Brommellina longungulae (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given,, Brommellina longungulae, p. 1432, Tertiary, Caenozoic, characters of subordinate taxa, P. 1387, Chelicirrum, Chelicirrum (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of subfamily Dictyninae, Type species, Chelicirrum stridulans (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given,, Chelicirrum stridulans, p. 1433, Tertiary, Combination, composita, Copaldictyna (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of new subfamily Copaldictyninae,, Copaldictyna [Holocene / / New genus]., Copaldictyna madagascariensis (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madagascar, Holocene,, Copaldictyna madagascariensis [Madagascar / / new species, Copaldictyna, p. 1445, Holocene, Copaldictyninae (Araneae): [Subfam nov, Of family Dictynidae, Type genus, Copaldictyninae [Holocene / / New subfamily]., Cryphoecinae (Araneae): [Key to genera, Extant Holarctic taxa \& fossil, Cryphoezaga, Cryphoezaga (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of subfamily Cryphoecinae, Type species, Cryphoezaga dubia, Cryphoezaga dubia (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, Tertiary,, Cryphoezaga dubia, p. 1392, Tertiary, Cymbiohahnia, Cymbiohahnia (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of tribe Hahniini, Type species, Cymbiohahnia parens, Cymbiohahnia parens (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given,, Cymbiohahnia parens, p. 1423, Tertiary, described, Described from, Described from amber, Described from amber] [Tertiary / / ]., designated, P. 1406]., Diagnosis, Diagnostic, Dictynidae (Araneae): [Systematics, Extant Holarctic taxa \& fossil taxa, Dictynidae, Type species Mizagalla quattuor, p. 1443, Tertiary, Dictyninae (Araneae): [Key to genera, Extant Holarctic taxa \& fossil, Emended diagnosis, Provisional,, Eobrommella, Eobrommella (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of subfamily Dictyninae, Type species, Eobrommella scutata, Eobrommella scutata (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given,, Eobrommella scutata, p. 1435, Tertiary, Eocryphoeca - Petrunkevitch 1958 (Araneae): [Key to species, Males, p., Eocryphoeca bitterfeldensis, Eocryphoeca bitterfeldensis (Araneae): [Sp nov, Germany, Tertiary, P., Eocryphoeca electrina, Eocryphoeca electrina (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given,, Eocryphoeca falcata, Eocryphoeca falcata (Araneae): [Sp nov, Germany, Tertiary, P. 1397,, Eocryphoeca gibbifera, Eocryphoeca gibbifera (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given,, Eocryphoeca ligula, Eocryphoeca ligula (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given,, Eocryphoeca mammilla, Eocryphoeca mammilla (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given,, Eocryphoeca splendens, Eocryphoeca splendens (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given,, Eocryphoecara, Eocryphoecara (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of subfamily Cryphoecinae, Type, Eocryphoecara abicera, Eocryphoecara abicera (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given,, Eodictyna, Eodictyna (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of subfamily Dictyninae, Type species, Eodictyna communis, Eodictyna communis (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given,, Eodictyna communis, p. 1437, Tertiary, Eurasia, Europe, family Dictynidae, Type species Copaldictyna madagascariensis, p. 1447,, fossil \& extant Holarctic taxa, p. 1415]., Fossil taxa in Baltic amber, p. 1405]., Fossil]., from copal] [Holocene / / ]., from Hahnia, p. 1420]., from Hahnia, p. 1422]., genus, Spinihahnia, p. 1421]., Geological time periods, Gibbermastigusa, Gibbermastigusa (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of subfamily Cryphoecinae, Type, Gibbermastigusa lateralis, Gibbermastigusa lateralis (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given,, given, Tertiary, P. 1391, Described from amber, Hackmania - Lehtinen 1967 (Araneae): [Status, P. 1429]., Hahnia petrobia - Simon 1875 (Araneae): [Designated type species for new, Hahnia picta - Kulczynski 1897 (Araneae): [Designated type species for, Hahniharmia (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of tribe Hahniini, Type species Hahnia, Hahniharmia picta - (Kulczynski 1897) (Araneae): [Comb nov, Transferred, Hahniini (Araneae): [Diagnosis, P. 1415, Halocryphoeca - Caporiacco 1934 (Araneae): [Referred to, New subfamily, Holocene, in Baltic \& Dominican amber \& Madagascan copal, p. 1380, Key, Key to genera, Provisional,, Key to subfamilies, Selected taxa, p. 1386]., Land zones, Mastigusa, Mastigusa - Menge in Koch \& Berendt 1854 (Araneae): [Key to species,, Mastigusa acuminata - Menge in Koch \& Berendt 1854 (Araneae): [Neotype, Mastigusa arcuata, Mastigusa arcuata (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, Tertiary,, Mastigusa bitterfeldensis (Araneae): [Sp nov, Germany, Tertiary, P., Mastigusa laticymbium, Mastigusa laticymbium (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given,, Mastigusa magnibulbus (Araneae): [Sp nov, Germany, Tertiary, P. 1409,, Mastigusa magnibulbus [Germany / / new species, Mastigusa scutata, Mastigusa scutata (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, Tertiary,, material, Mizaga - Simon 1898 (Araneae): [Referred to, New subfamily Mizagallinae,, Mizagalla, Mizagalla (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of new subfamily Mizagallinae, family, Mizagalla quattuor, Mizagalla quattuor (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given,, Mizagalla tuberculata (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given,, Mizagalla, p. 1443]., Mizagallinae (Araneae): [Subfam nov, Of family Dictynidae, Type genus, Mizagallinae, p. 1443]., Neoantistea - Gertsch 1934 (Araneae): [Referred to, New tribe, new genus, Hahniharmia, p. 1420]., New taxa, Nomenclature, p. 1385, P. 1393, Described from amber, P. 1407, Described from amber, P. 1410, Described from amber, P. 1440, Described from amber, p. 1443]., P. 1447, Described from copal, Palaearctic region, petrobia Simon 1875, p. 1421]., picta Kulczynski 1897, p. 1420]., position, Protohahnia, Protohahnia (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of tribe Hahniini, Type species, Protohahnia antiqua, Protohahnia antiqua (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given,, Protohahnia antiqua, p. 1426, Tertiary, Protohahnia tripartita, Protohahnia tripartita (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given,, Protomastigusa, Protomastigusa (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of subfamily Cryphoecinae, Type, Protomastigusa composita (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given,, Quaternary, Scopulyna (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of subfamily Dictyninae, Type species, Scopulyna [Tertiary / / New genus]., Scopulyna cursor (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, Tertiary,, Scopulyna cursor [Tertiary / / New species, Scopulyna cursor, p. 1439, Tertiary, species Balticocryphoeca curvitarsis, p. 1390, Tertiary, species Eocryphoecara abicera, p. 1401, Tertiary, species Gibbermastigusa lateralis, p. 1403, Tertiary, species Protomastigusa composita, p. 1411, Tertiary, Spinihahnia (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of tribe Hahniini, Type species Hahnia, Spinihahnia petrobia - (Simon 1875) (Araneae): [Comb nov, Transferred, stridulans, Synonymy, Systematics, taxa in Baltic amber, males, p. 1430]., taxa in Baltic amber, p. 1388]., Taxonomic, Taxonomy, Tertiary, P. 1396, Described from amber, Tertiary, P. 1398, Described from amber, Tertiary, P. 1399, Described from amber, Tertiary, P. 1400, Described from amber, Tertiary, P. 1402, Described from amber, Tertiary, P. 1403, Described from amber, Tertiary, P. 1408, Described from amber, Tertiary, P. 1412, Described from amber, Tertiary, P. 1423, Described from amber, Tertiary, P. 1426, Described from amber, Tertiary, P. 1427, Described from amber, Tertiary, P. 1432, Described from amber, Tertiary, P. 1434, Described from amber, Tertiary, P. 1436, Described from amber, Tertiary, P. 1437, Described from amber, Tertiary, P. 1443, Described from amber, Tertiary, P. 1444, Described from amber, tuberculata, type, Type genus, Type species},
	isbn = {0930-1526},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14101003672},
	author = {Wunderlich, Joerg}
}
@article {516,
	title = {Spiders (Araneae) of the extinct family Insecutoridae Petrunkevitch 1942 in Baltic amber},
	journal = {Beitraege zur Araneologie},
	volume = {3B},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ZOOR14101003678},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {1523-1531},
	abstract = {The relationships of the dubious extinct spider family Insecutoridae PETRUNKEVITCH 1942 (Araneae) from Baltic amber are discussed, ?Insecutor pecten n. sp. and Insecutor spinifer n. sp. in Baltic amber are described.},
	keywords = {Agelenidae (Araneae): [Diagnostic characters, P. 1525]., Argyronetidae (Araneae): [Diagnostic characters, P. 1525]., Caenozoic, Cybaeinae (Araneae): [Diagnostic characters, P. 1525]., Described from amber]., Diagnosis, Diagnostic characters, P. 1525, Fossil]., Geological time periods, in Baltic amber, p. 1523, Insecutor? pecten, Insecutor? pecten (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, Tertiary,, Insecutor? spinifer (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given,, Insecutor? spinifer [Tertiary / / New species, Insecutoridae - Petrunkevitch 1942 (Araneae): [Systematics, Fossil taxa, New taxa, Nomenclature, P. 1526, Described from amber, Systematics, Tertiary, P. 1527, Described from amber},
	isbn = {0930-1526},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14101003678},
	author = {Wunderlich, Joerg}
}
@article {507,
	title = {Relations between metals (Zn, Pb, Cd and Cu) and glutathione-dependent detoxifying enzymes in spiders from a heavy metal pollution gradient},
	journal = {Environmental Pollution},
	volume = {132},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ZOOR14101004601},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {453-461},
	abstract = {We studied the relations between glutathione-dependent detoxifying enzymes and heavy metal burdens in the web-building spider Agelena labyrinthica (Agelenidae) and the wolf spider Pardosa lugubris (Lycosidae) from five meadow sites along a heavy metal pollution gradient. We assayed the activity of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidases (GPOX, GSTPx), and glutathione (GSH) levels in both sexes. Except for GSH vs Pb content, we found significant correlations between GPOX and GSTPx activity and metal concentrations in females of A. labyrinthica. The highest activity of these enzymes measured in the web-building spiders was found in the individuals from the most polluted sites. In P. lugubris males significant correlations were found between GST and Pb and Zn concentrations, and between GPOX and GSTPx and the concentration of Cu. GST activity was higher in males collected from less polluted areas. Thus, detoxifying strategies against pollutants seemed to be sex-dependent. Actively hunting spiders had higher metal concentrations, maintaining lower activity of detoxifying enzymes and a lower glutathione level. [copyright] 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {/ Relations with glutathione dependent detoxifying enzymes] [Enzymes /, Abiotic factors, Agelena labyrinthica, Agelena labyrinthica (Araneae)., Biochemistry, burden] [Grassland / Meadow / Heavy metal burden \& glutathione dependent, Chemical factors, Chemical pollution, detoxifying enzymes] [Metal pollution / / ] [Metals / / ] [Poland /, Eurasia, Europe, Glutathione dependent detoxifying enzymes / Relations with heavy metal, Habitat, Land zones, Olkusz / meadow habitat]., Palaearctic region, Pardosa lugubris (Araneae)., Pardosa lugubris [Pollutants / Heavy metal burdens, Pollution, Proteins, Terrestrial habitat},
	isbn = {0269-7491},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14101004601},
	author = {Wilczek, Grazyna and Babczynska, Agnieszka and Augustyniak, Maria and Migula, Pawel}
}
@article {458,
	title = {Evolution of water surface locomotion by spiders: A comparative approach},
	journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean Society},
	volume = {81},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ZOOR14004021925},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {63-78},
	abstract = {Spiders vary enormously in their behaviour when placed on the surface of fresh water. In some families (e.g. Theridiidae), the spider typically becomes wet and either sinks or is incapacitated by adhesion to the water. In other families (e.g. Agelenidae), the spider remains dry and moves across the water using its legs in much the same way it does on land, with the members of each leg pair moving in alternation with each other. In at least one family (Pisauridae), the spider remains dry and moves across the water using a rowing or galloping gait in which the members of each propulsive pair of legs move in synchrony with each other. While some degree of hydrophobicity is widespread among spiders, the ability to move on water by rowing occurs rarely; it is common only among families in the Lycosoidea, which is a subset of the GST (Grate-Shaped Tapetum) clade. Our mapping of water surface locomotion behaviour of representatives of 42 families of spiders onto cladograms of the Araneae suggests that the ability to row evolved at the base of the clade that includes Trechaleidae, Pisauridae and Lycosidae and evolved independently in some members of the family Ctenidae. Rowing behaviour is seen in all subfamilies of Lycosidae but, unlike in the Pisauridae in which all animals tested showed the rowing behaviour, many individuals that could row did not do so all of the time. Among the 166 non-lycosoid species we have tested, we have found one species of Araneidae and two species of Salticidae that can row. It is evident from our data that, in most spiders, phylogeny trumps recent selection (based on habitat preference) in determining the spiders{\textquoteright} locomotor behaviour on the water surface.},
	keywords = {[Locomotion / / Evolution]., Araneae (Arachnida)., Araneae [Evolutionary adaptation / Water surface locomotion / ] [Natural, Evolution, Locomotion, selection / / Water surface locomotion significance] [Phylogeny / / ], Systematics},
	isbn = {0024-4066},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14004021925},
	author = {Stratton, Gail E. and Suter, Robert B. and Miller, Patricia R.}
}
@article {379,
	title = {Notes on the spider family Agelenidae in southern South America (Arachnida: Araneae)},
	journal = {Revista Iberica de Aracnologia},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ZOOR14201003282},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {179-182},
	keywords = {/ Montevideo / ]., 1917, p. 181]., 1941, p. 180, Agelenidae (Araneae): [New record]., Agelenidae [South America / / Systematics \& new record]., Combination, Coreidon tropicum - Mello-Leitao 1917 (Araneae): [Referred to,, fragilis Mello-Leitao 1941, p. 180]., Land zones, Mello-Leitao 1944, p. 180]., Neotropical region, Nomenclature, position, South America, Strotarchus - Simon 1884 (Araneae): [Syn nov, Coreidon Mello-Leitao, Strotarchus tropicum - (Mello-Leitao 1917) (Araneae): [Comb nov,, Strotarchus, p. 181]., Syn nov, Philoicides Mello-Leitao 1944, p. 180]., Synonymy, Systematics, Taxonomic, Taxonomy, Tegenaria - Latreille 1804 (Araneae): [Syn nov, Mevianops Mello-Leitao, Tegenaria domestica - (Clerck 1757) (Araneae): [Syn nov, Mevianops, Tegenaria pagana - Koch 1840 (Araneae): [Syn nov, Philoicides pallidus, Tegenaria parietina (Araneae): [New record]., Tegenaria parietina [Argentina / Capital Federal / New record] [Uruguay, Transferred from Coreidon, p. 181].},
	isbn = {1576-9518},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14201003282},
	author = {Ramirez, Martin J. and Grismado, Cristian and Blick, Theo}
}
@article {263,
	title = {A contribution to the study of spiders (Araneae) in Macedonia},
	journal = {Acta Zoologica Bulgarica},
	volume = {56},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ZOOR14101007281},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {155-166},
	abstract = {A total of 100 species from 20 families were found: Pholcidae-1, Segestriidae-1, Dysderidae-2, Theridiidae-10, Linyphiidae-11, Tetragnathidae-3, Araneidae-7, Lycosidae-17, Pisauridae-1, Oxyopidae-3, Agelenidae-5, Dictynidae-2, Muturgidae-2, Liocranidae-2, Zodariidae-1, Gnaphosidae-8, Sparassidae-1, Philodromidae-5, Thomisidae-9, Salticidae-9. 14 species of them are new to the Macedonian fauna. The species Harpactea nausicaae and Xysticus secedens are discussed and illustrated in taxonomic aspect.},
	keywords = {Araneae (Arachnida)., Araneae [Macedonia / / Annotated records including 14 new recrords]., Eurasia, Europe, Land zones, Palaearctic region},
	isbn = {0324-0770},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14101007281},
	author = {Lazarov, Stoyan}
}
@article {257,
	title = {Redescription and synonymy of Tegenaria lapicidinarum (Aranei, Agelenidae)},
	journal = {Vestnik Zoologii},
	volume = {38},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ZOOR14107039556},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {43-51, 93},
	abstract = {An illustrated redescription of Tegenaria lapicidinarum Spassky, 1934 based on specimens from Crimea is given. The lectotype of T. lapicidinarum is designated (deposited in the Zoological Institute RAN, St. Petersburg, Russia). The holotype and paratype of T. spasskyi Guryanova, 1992 were examined. T. spasskyi Guryanova, 1992 syn. n. is synonymized with T. lapicidinarum Spassky, 1934. T. lapidicinarum (lapsus calami), the wrong writing of T. lapicidinarum, is corrected. T. lapicidinarum is distributed from the Southern coast of Crimea at the south to Chernigiv Polissya (zone of nemoral forests) at the north; from Dnepr left bank at the west to Prikubanskaya lowland in the east. The peak of abundance and activity of T. lapicidinarum mature specimens is in May-June. The diagnostic drawings of male palps of T. taurica Charitonov, 1947 are presented. The unusually high individual variability of body measurements and armature of legs in T. lapicidinarum is found. The number and location of spines on legs cannot be used for distinction of species of the genus Tegenaria Latreille, 1804 (as in the genus Amaurobius C. L. Koch, 1837).},
	keywords = {44]., 47]., Description, Diagnosis, distribution \&, Eurasia, Europe, Land zones, Nomenclature, P. 44]., P. 47]., Palaearctic region, Spelling,, Syn nov, Tegenaria spasskyi Guryanova 1992, in Russian p. 44, Synonymy, Systematics, systematics]., Tegenaria lapicidinarum - Spassky 1934 (Araneae): [Redescription, P. 47, Tegenaria lapicidinarum [Ukraine / Crimea / Biology, Tegenaria lapidicinarum - Spassky 1934 (Araneae): [Lapsus calami, P., Tegenaria mirifica - Thaler 1987 (Araneae): [Diagnostic characters, P., Tegenaria taurica - Kharitonov 1947 (Araneae): [Diagnostic characters,},
	isbn = {0084-5604},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14107039556},
	author = {Kovblyuk, N. M.}
}
@article {179,
	title = {Spiders of Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh (Arachnida: Araneae)},
	journal = {Records of the Zoological Survey of India Occasional Paper},
	volume = {227},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ZOOR14106037033},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {i-viii, 1-154},
	abstract = {Overall, 107 species of spiders belonging to 57 genera under 19 families, viz., Scytodidae, Pholcidae, Oonopidae, Eresidae, Oecobiidae, Urocteidae, Hersiliidae, Uloboridae, Tetragnathidae, Araneidae, Lycosidae, Oxyopidae, Agelenidae, Dictynidae, Gnaphosidae, Heteropodidae, Philodromidae, Thomisidae and Salticidae have been described from Jabalpur district in Madhya Pradesh. Of these, 21 species were described as new to science and 15 species were new record for the area. In addition to description and illustrations, key to families, genera and species have been added with synonymies and distributions, as well as photographs of some selected spider species. Families have been arranged according to taxonomic hierarchy and genera and species alphabetically.},
	keywords = {/ Jabalpur / Key to species]., / New species]., 30]., 92]., Araneae (Arachnida): [Key to families, Madhya Pradesh, Jabalpur, P. 17, Araneae [Checklists / / ] [Faunal works / / Systematic work] [Madhya, Araneidae, Araneidae (Araneae): [Key to genera, Madhya Pradesh, Jabalpur, P. 32]., Asia, Callilepis, Callilepis - Westring 1874 (Araneae): [Key to species, Madhya Pradesh,, checklist \& new records]., Chorizopes, Chorizopes - Cambridge 1870 (Araneae): [Key to species, Madhya Pradesh,, Cyclosa, Cyclosa - Menge 1866 (Araneae): [Key to species, Madhya Pradesh,, Cyrtophora, Cyrtophora - Simon 1864 (Araneae): [Key to species, Madhya Pradesh,, Documentation, Eucta chamberlini, Eucta chamberlini (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madhya Pradesh, P. 30]., Eurasia, Gnaphosidae, Gnaphosidae (Araneae): [Key to genera, Madhya Pradesh, Jabalpur, P. 80]., Hippasa, Hippasa - Simon 1885 (Araneae): [Key to species, Madhya Pradesh,, India, Jabalpur, P. 107]., Jabalpur, P. 109]., Jabalpur, P. 113]., Jabalpur, P. 127]., Jabalpur, P. 132]., Jabalpur, P. 135]., Jabalpur, P. 28]., Jabalpur, P. 35]., Jabalpur, P. 38]., Jabalpur, P. 40]., Jabalpur, P. 42]., Jabalpur, P. 46]., Jabalpur, P. 58]., Jabalpur, P. 63]., Jabalpur, P. 65]., Jabalpur, P. 70]., Jabalpur, P. 74]., Jabalpur, P. 82]., Jabalpur, P. 99]., Key, khandari, Land zones, Larinia, Larinia - Simon 1874 (Araneae): [Key to species, Madhya Pradesh,, Lycosa, Lycosa - Latreille 1804 (Araneae): [Key to species, Madhya Pradesh,, Lycosidae, Lycosidae (Araneae): [Key to genera, Madhya Pradesh, Jabalpur, P. 57]., Marpissa, Marpissa - Koch 1846 (Araneae): [Key to species, Madhya Pradesh,, Misumenoides gwarighatensis, Misumenoides gwarighatensis (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madhya Pradesh, P. 105]., Neoscona, Neoscona - Simon 1864 (Araneae): [Key to species, Madhya Pradesh,, Neoscona dyali, Neoscona dyali (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madhya Pradesh, P. 49]., Neoscona sanghi (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madhya Pradesh, P. 52]., Neoscona sanjivani, Neoscona sanjivani (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madhya Pradesh, P. 54]., New record]., New taxa, Nomenclature, Oriental region, Oxyopes, Oxyopes - Latreille 1804 (Araneae): [Key to species, Madhya Pradesh,, Oxyopidae, Oxyopidae (Araneae): [Key to genera, Madhya Pradesh, Jabalpur, P. 69]., Oxyptila, Oxyptila - Simon 1864 (Araneae): [Key to species, Madhya Pradesh,, Pardosa, Pardosa - Koch 1847 (Araneae): [Key to species, Madhya Pradesh,, Pardosa ranjani, Pardosa ranjani (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madhya Pradesh, P. 68]., Peucetia, Peucetia - Thorell 1869 (Araneae): [Key to species, Madhya Pradesh,, Phidippus bhimrakshiti, Phidippus bhimrakshiti (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madhya Pradesh, P. 133]., Philodromidae, Philodromidae (Araneae): [Key to genera, Madhya Pradesh, Jabalpur, P., Philodromus, Philodromus - Walckenaer 1826 (Araneae): [Key to species, Madhya, Philodromus sanjeevi, Philodromus sanjeevi (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madhya Pradesh, P. 98]., Pholcidae, Pholcidae (Araneae): [Key to genera, Madhya Pradesh, Jabalpur, P. 21]., Pradesh / Jabalpur / Key to families] [ / / Systematic faunal work, Pradesh, Jabalpur, P. 93]., Publications, Rhene, Rhene - Thorell 1869 (Araneae): [Key to species, Madhya Pradesh,, Rhene haldanei, Rhene haldanei (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madhya Pradesh, P. 135]., Rhene sanghrakshiti, Rhene sanghrakshiti (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madhya Pradesh, P. 137]., Runcinia, Runcinia - Simon 1875 (Araneae): [Key to species, Madhya Pradesh,, Runcinia khandari (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madhya Pradesh, P. 109]., Salticidae, Salticidae (Araneae): [Key to genera, Madhya Pradesh, Jabalpur, P. 132]., sanghi, Scytodes alfredi, Scytodes alfredi (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madhya Pradesh, P. 20]., Systematics, Taxonomy, Tegenaria comstocki, Tegenaria comstocki (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madhya Pradesh, P. 78]., Tetragnathidae, Tetragnathidae (Araneae): [Key to genera, Madhya Pradesh, Jabalpur, P., Thanatus, Thanatus - Koch 1837 (Araneae): [Key to species, Madhya Pradesh,, Thomisidae (Araneae): [Key to genera, Madhya Pradesh, Jabalpur, P. 104]., Thomisidae [Madhya Pradesh / Jabalpur / Key, Thomisus, Thomisus - Walckenaer 1805 (Araneae): [Key to species, Madhya Pradesh,, Thomisus bargi, Thomisus bargi (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madhya Pradesh, P. 114]., Thomisus danieli, Thomisus danieli (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madhya Pradesh, P. 115]., Thomisus pateli, Thomisus pateli (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madhya Pradesh, P. 116]., Thomisus pathaki, Thomisus pathaki (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madhya Pradesh, P. 118]., Thomisus simoni, Thomisus simoni (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madhya Pradesh, P. 120]., Thomisus viveki, Thomisus viveki (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madhya Pradesh, P. 123]., Thomisus whitakeri, Thomisus whitakeri (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madhya Pradesh, P. 124]., to genera]., Triaeris barela (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madhya Pradesh, P. 23]., Triaeris barela [Madhya Pradesh /, Uloborus, Uloborus - Latreille 1806 (Araneae): [Key to species, Madhya Pradesh,, Xysticus - Koch 1835 (Araneae): [Key to species, Madhya Pradesh,, Xysticus [Madhya Pradesh},
	isbn = {0970-0714},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14106037033},
	author = {Gajbe, Pawan U.}
}
@article {147,
	title = {Spiders (Araneae) from Sandanski-Petrich Valley (SW Bulgaria)},
	journal = {Mitteilungen aus dem Museum fuer Naturkunde in Berlin Zoologische Reihe},
	volume = {80},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ZOOR14007040178},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {71-76},
	abstract = {Ninety-four species (Dysderidae 3, Uloboridae 1, Theridiidae 9, Linyphiidae 15, Tetragnathidae 1, Araneidae 1, Lycosidae 14, Pisauridae 1, Oxyopidae 2, Agelenidae 5, Hahnidae 1, Dictynidae 1, Titanoecidae 2, Liocranidae 4, Clubionidae 2, Zodariidae 3, Gnaphosidae 18, Philodromidae 3, Thomisidae 4, Salticidae 4) are established from 7 sites (80-200 m) in the Sandansko-Petrichka Valley, Southwestern Bulgaria. 64 species are new for the spider fauna of Sandanski-Petrich valley and 6 of these are also new for Bulgaria. Taxonomic notes and illustrations for the species Drassodes lutescens (C. L. Koch, 1839), Haplodrassus minor (O. P.-Cambridge, 1879) and Zelotes tenuis (L. Koch, 1866) are presented. According to their current distribution the spiders are split into 23 zoogeographical chorotypes combined into 5 chorological complexes.},
	keywords = {[Bulgaria / Sandanski-Petrich Valley / Faunal composition, / / New record]., Agroeca inopina, Agroeca inopina (Araneae): [New record]., Araneae (Arachnida): [New record]., Araneae [Species diversity / / ] [Zoogeography / / Faunal notes], Community structure, Ecology, Eurasia, Europe, Euryopis quinqueguttata, Euryopis quinqueguttata (Araneae): [New record]., Land zones, new records, Palaearctic region, Systematics, taxonomic \& zoogeographical notes \& annotated species list]., Trichoncoides piscator, Trichoncoides piscator (Araneae): [New record]., Troxochrus cirrifrons, Troxochrus cirrifrons (Araneae): [New record]., Xysticus tenebrosus, Xysticus tenebrosus (Araneae): [New record]., Zodarion frenatum (Araneae): [New record]., Zodarion frenatum [Bulgaria, Zoogeography},
	isbn = {1435-1935},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14007040178},
	author = {Deltshev, Christo}
}
@article {122,
	title = {Mitochondrial differentiation, introgression and phylogeny of species in the Tegenaria atrica group (Araneae: Agelenidae)},
	journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean Society},
	volume = {81},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ZOOR14004021926},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {79-89},
	abstract = {The relationships between the three members of the Tegenaria atrica group (T. atrica, T. saeva and T. gigantea) were examined with DNA sequence data from mitochondrial CO1, 16S rRNA, tRNAleu(CUN) and ND1 genes. Members of this group of large house spiders have overlapping distributions in western Europe and hybridize with each other to a variable degree. The close relatedness of all three species was supported by all analyses. T. saeva and T. gigantea are more closely affiliated than either is to T. atrica. Haplotypes clearly assignable to T. gigantea were also present in many specimens of T. saeva, suggesting asymmetrical introgression of mtDNA from T. gigantea into T. saeva. Molecular clock calibrations (CO1) suggest that deeper divisions within the genus Tegenaria may be in excess of 10 million years old, and that the evolutionary history of the T. atrica group has been moulded by Quaternary glacial-interglacial cycles.},
	keywords = {[Molecular genetics / / ] [Hybridization / / Introgression evidence], [Phylogeny / Molecular phylogeny / ] [Biochemical variation / / ]., Biochemistry, Evolution, Genetics, mtDNA sequences / Introgression evidence \& phylogenetic implications], Systematics, Tegenaria atrica, Tegenaria atrica (Araneae)., Tegenaria gigantea, Tegenaria gigantea (Araneae)., Tegenaria saeva (Araneae)., Tegenaria saeva [Nucleic acids /, Variation},
	isbn = {0024-4066},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14004021926},
	author = {Croucher, P. J. P. and Oxford, G. S. and Searle, J. B.}
}
@article {26,
	title = {Molecular evidence for Pleistocene glacial cycles driving diversification of a North American desert spider, Agelenopsis aperta},
	journal = {Molecular Ecology},
	volume = {13},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ZOOR14101006872},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {3453-3465},
	abstract = {The influence of historical climatic vs. geological changes on species diversification patterns was investigated in a widely distributed North American desert spider, Agelenopsis aperta (Araneae: Agelenidae), with particular reference to Pleistocene glacial cycles and earlier patterns of mountain building. Levels of sequence divergence obtained from the mitochondrial gene, cytochrome oxidase I, dated to the Pleistocene, eliminating Rocky Mountain orogeny as a cause of diversification, as orogeny ended 4 million years ago. The results of phylogenetic and network analyses showed the presence of three geographically defined clades, which were consistent with the presence of at least three glacial refugia: (i) east of the Rocky Mountains; (ii) between the Rocky Mountains and Sierra Nevadas; and (iii) west of the Sierra Nevadas. In addition, populations within the Rocky Mountains exhibited significantly lower genetic diversity than populations east of the Rocky Mountains and the haplotypes found within the Rockies were a subset of eastern haplotypes. These patterns suggest that a post-Pleistocene range expansion occurred out of an eastern glacial refugium into the Rocky Mountains. Examination of phylogeographical studies of other North American desert taxa indicated that mountain building explained diversification patterns more effectively for some taxa but Pleistocene climate change was more important for others, including A. aperta.},
	keywords = {Abiotic factors, Agelenopsis aperta (Araneae): [Fossil]., Agelenopsis aperta [Enzymes / Cytochrome oxidase I mtDNA gene sequence /, Biochemistry, Caenozoic, Diversification patterns, diversification patterns] [North America / / ] [Pleistocene / / ]., Evolution, Genetics, Geological time periods, influence of climatic vs geological, influences] [Molecular genetics / / ] [Population genetics / /, Land zones, molecular evidence] [Biochemical variation / / Cytochrome oxidase I, mtDNA sequences] [Climate and weather / / Influence on diversification, Nearctic region, patterns] [Geophysical events / / Geological influences on, Physical factors, Proteins, Quaternary, Variation},
	isbn = {0962-1083},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14101006872},
	author = {Ayoub, Nadia A. and Riechert, Susan E.}
}
@book {15,
	title = {Spiders from the Sofia Region. A faunistic and zoogeographical analysis},
	series = {Ecology of the city of Sofia: species and communities in an urban environment.},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ZOOR14109056574Book chapter
Sofia \& Moscow
},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {355-363},
	publisher = {Pensoft},
	organization = {Pensoft},
	abstract = {112 spider species were collected from the region of Sofia: Atypidae -1; Nemesiidae - 1; Dysderidae - 7; Mimetidae - 1; Theridiidae - 5; Linyphiidae - 17; Tetragnathidae - 3; Araneidae - 3; Lycosidae - 22; Pisauridae - 1; Agelenidae - 3; Dictynidae - 1; Amaurobiidae - 5; Anyphaenidae - 1: Liocranidae - 2; Clubionidae - 6; Zodariidae - 1: Gnaphosidae - 15; Zoridae - 1; Sparassidae - 1: Philodromidae - 5; Thomisidae - 9; Salticidae - 3. 67 species are new to the study region and 2 (Dysdera adriatica, Amaurobius deelemanae) are new to the Bulgarian fauna. The spiders are classified into 15 zoogeographical categories combined into 4 chorological complexes. The composition of the fauna shows that the spider fauna of the Sofia region has a Palearctic and European character. Endemics and Southeasteuropean species emphasize the local character of this fauna, but their low persentage suggests an important process of colonization.},
	keywords = {affinities]., Araneae (Arachnida): [New record]., Araneae [Zoogeography / Zoogeographical affinities / ] [Bulgaria / Sofia, Eurasia, Europe, Land zones, Palaearctic region, region / Annotated records including new records \& zoogeographical, Zoogeography},
	isbn = {954-642-224-X},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14109056574},
	author = {Antov, Andrej and Lazarov, Stoyan and Deltshev, Christo and Blagoev, Gergin},
	editor = {Penev, L. and Niemela, J. and Kotze, D. J. and Chipev, N.}
}
@article {9,
	title = {Major true spiders (Araneae) and their predatory effects on dominant aphid species in alfalfa agroecosystem at western Saudi Arabia},
	journal = {Bulletin of Faculty of Agriculture Cairo University},
	volume = {55},
	year = {2004},
	note = {ZOOR14006037705},
	month = {2004},
	pages = {331-346},
	abstract = {The weekly intensive survey showed that two major aphid species, are widely prevalent in the alfalfa agroecosystem including the black alfalfa aphid Macrosiphum sp. and the spotted alfalfa aphid Therioaphis trifolii (Monell). A rich fauna of true spiders (Araneae) was also recorded as foliage-dwelling spiders that belong to 6 major families. Three major predominant spider families arranged by their percentage presence included Philodromidae (24.09\%), Thomisidae (21.09\%), Salticidae (16.58\%). However, other less predominant families included Zodariidae (4.68\%) Gnaphosidae (4.22\%), N Therididae (3.80\%), Lycosidae (3.01\%). Araneidae (2.51\%), Cithaeronidae (0.40\%), Agelenidae (0.88\%), Pholcidae (0.38\%) and Clubionidae (0.33\%). A linear correlation existed between the total numbers of spider complex and the total number of the spotted alfalfa aphid showed an appreciable synchrony with the population of the highly prevalent host (prey) throughout the year.},
	keywords = {[Arachnid predators / Araneae / Predator prey population interactions, / Hada Al-Sham / ]., Araneae (Arachnida): [Predator]., Araneae [Insect prey / Macrosiphum \& Therioaphis trifolii (Hemiptera) /, Asia, culivated land], cultivated land] [Community, cultivated land] [Cultivated land habitat / / plant host] [Saudi Arabia, Diet, Ecology, Eurasia, Habitat, Hosts, Land zones, Macrosiphum, Macrosiphum (Aphidoidea): [Parasite, Prey]., Man made habitat, Nutrition, Palaearctic region, Parasites diseases and disorders, Population dynamics, Population interactions with arachnid predators, Predator prey population interactions, Predators, Prey, prey prevalence relationship] [Cultivated land habitat / / Community, structure / / Seasonal changes] [Population density / / Hemipteran, structure \& population interactions with hemipteran prey] [Saudi Arabia, Therioaphis trifolii (Aphidoidea): [Parasite, Prey]., Therioaphis trifolii [Plant hosts / Medicago sativa /},
	isbn = {0526-8613},
	url = {<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR14006037705},
	author = {Al Ghamdi, Kh M. S.}
}
