TY - JOUR T1 - Fossil spiders (Araneae) of the family Dictynidae s. l., including Cryphoecinae and Hahniinae in Baltic and Dominican amber and copal from Madagascar, and on selected extant holarctic taxa, with new descriptions and diagnoses JF - Beitraege zur Araneologie Y1 - 2004 A1 - Wunderlich, Joerg SP - 1380 EP - 1482 KW - 1395 KW - 1396, Described from amber KW - 1407, Described from amber KW - 1429]. KW - Africa KW - Afrotropical region KW - amber]. KW - Antistea - Simon 1898 (Araneae): [Designated type genus for new tribe, KW - Antistea Simon 1898, p. 1414]. KW - Antisteini (Araneae): [Tribe nov, Of subfamily Hahniinae, Type genus KW - Antisteini, p. 1414]. KW - Argenna - Thorell 1869 (Araneae): [Syn nov, Altella Simon 1884, p. KW - Balticocryphoeca KW - Balticocryphoeca (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of subfamily Cryphoecinae, Type KW - Balticocryphoeca curvitarsis KW - Balticocryphoeca curvitarsis (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not KW - bitterfeldensis KW - Brommellina KW - Brommellina (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of subfamily Dictyninae, Type species KW - Brommellina longungulae KW - Brommellina longungulae (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, KW - Brommellina longungulae, p. 1432, Tertiary KW - Caenozoic KW - characters of subordinate taxa, P. 1387 KW - Chelicirrum KW - Chelicirrum (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of subfamily Dictyninae, Type species KW - Chelicirrum stridulans (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, KW - Chelicirrum stridulans, p. 1433, Tertiary KW - Combination KW - composita KW - Copaldictyna (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of new subfamily Copaldictyninae, KW - Copaldictyna [Holocene / / New genus]. KW - Copaldictyna madagascariensis (Araneae): [Sp nov, Madagascar, Holocene, KW - Copaldictyna madagascariensis [Madagascar / / new species KW - Copaldictyna, p. 1445, Holocene KW - Copaldictyninae (Araneae): [Subfam nov, Of family Dictynidae, Type genus KW - Copaldictyninae [Holocene / / New subfamily]. KW - Cryphoecinae (Araneae): [Key to genera, Extant Holarctic taxa & fossil KW - Cryphoezaga KW - Cryphoezaga (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of subfamily Cryphoecinae, Type species KW - Cryphoezaga dubia KW - Cryphoezaga dubia (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, Tertiary, KW - Cryphoezaga dubia, p. 1392, Tertiary KW - Cymbiohahnia KW - Cymbiohahnia (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of tribe Hahniini, Type species KW - Cymbiohahnia parens KW - Cymbiohahnia parens (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, KW - Cymbiohahnia parens, p. 1423, Tertiary KW - described KW - Described from KW - Described from amber KW - Described from amber] [Tertiary / / ]. KW - designated, P. 1406]. KW - Diagnosis KW - Diagnostic KW - Dictynidae (Araneae): [Systematics, Extant Holarctic taxa & fossil taxa KW - Dictynidae, Type species Mizagalla quattuor, p. 1443, Tertiary KW - Dictyninae (Araneae): [Key to genera, Extant Holarctic taxa & fossil KW - Emended diagnosis, Provisional, KW - Eobrommella KW - Eobrommella (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of subfamily Dictyninae, Type species KW - Eobrommella scutata KW - Eobrommella scutata (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, KW - Eobrommella scutata, p. 1435, Tertiary KW - Eocryphoeca - Petrunkevitch 1958 (Araneae): [Key to species, Males, p. KW - Eocryphoeca bitterfeldensis KW - Eocryphoeca bitterfeldensis (Araneae): [Sp nov, Germany, Tertiary, P. KW - Eocryphoeca electrina KW - Eocryphoeca electrina (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, KW - Eocryphoeca falcata KW - Eocryphoeca falcata (Araneae): [Sp nov, Germany, Tertiary, P. 1397, KW - Eocryphoeca gibbifera KW - Eocryphoeca gibbifera (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, KW - Eocryphoeca ligula KW - Eocryphoeca ligula (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, KW - Eocryphoeca mammilla KW - Eocryphoeca mammilla (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, KW - Eocryphoeca splendens KW - Eocryphoeca splendens (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, KW - Eocryphoecara KW - Eocryphoecara (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of subfamily Cryphoecinae, Type KW - Eocryphoecara abicera KW - Eocryphoecara abicera (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, KW - Eodictyna KW - Eodictyna (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of subfamily Dictyninae, Type species KW - Eodictyna communis KW - Eodictyna communis (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, KW - Eodictyna communis, p. 1437, Tertiary KW - Eurasia KW - Europe KW - family Dictynidae, Type species Copaldictyna madagascariensis, p. 1447, KW - fossil & extant Holarctic taxa, p. 1415]. KW - Fossil taxa in Baltic amber, p. 1405]. KW - Fossil]. KW - from copal] [Holocene / / ]. KW - from Hahnia, p. 1420]. KW - from Hahnia, p. 1422]. KW - genus, Spinihahnia, p. 1421]. KW - Geological time periods KW - Gibbermastigusa KW - Gibbermastigusa (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of subfamily Cryphoecinae, Type KW - Gibbermastigusa lateralis KW - Gibbermastigusa lateralis (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, KW - given, Tertiary, P. 1391, Described from amber KW - Hackmania - Lehtinen 1967 (Araneae): [Status, P. 1429]. KW - Hahnia petrobia - Simon 1875 (Araneae): [Designated type species for new KW - Hahnia picta - Kulczynski 1897 (Araneae): [Designated type species for KW - Hahniharmia (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of tribe Hahniini, Type species Hahnia KW - Hahniharmia picta - (Kulczynski 1897) (Araneae): [Comb nov, Transferred KW - Hahniini (Araneae): [Diagnosis, P. 1415 KW - Halocryphoeca - Caporiacco 1934 (Araneae): [Referred to, New subfamily KW - Holocene KW - in Baltic & Dominican amber & Madagascan copal, p. 1380 KW - Key KW - Key to genera, Provisional, KW - Key to subfamilies, Selected taxa, p. 1386]. KW - Land zones KW - Mastigusa KW - Mastigusa - Menge in Koch & Berendt 1854 (Araneae): [Key to species, KW - Mastigusa acuminata - Menge in Koch & Berendt 1854 (Araneae): [Neotype KW - Mastigusa arcuata KW - Mastigusa arcuata (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, Tertiary, KW - Mastigusa bitterfeldensis (Araneae): [Sp nov, Germany, Tertiary, P. KW - Mastigusa laticymbium KW - Mastigusa laticymbium (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, KW - Mastigusa magnibulbus (Araneae): [Sp nov, Germany, Tertiary, P. 1409, KW - Mastigusa magnibulbus [Germany / / new species KW - Mastigusa scutata KW - Mastigusa scutata (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, Tertiary, KW - material KW - Mizaga - Simon 1898 (Araneae): [Referred to, New subfamily Mizagallinae, KW - Mizagalla KW - Mizagalla (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of new subfamily Mizagallinae, family KW - Mizagalla quattuor KW - Mizagalla quattuor (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, KW - Mizagalla tuberculata (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, KW - Mizagalla, p. 1443]. KW - Mizagallinae (Araneae): [Subfam nov, Of family Dictynidae, Type genus KW - Mizagallinae, p. 1443]. KW - Neoantistea - Gertsch 1934 (Araneae): [Referred to, New tribe KW - new genus, Hahniharmia, p. 1420]. KW - New taxa KW - Nomenclature KW - p. 1385 KW - P. 1393, Described from amber KW - P. 1407, Described from amber KW - P. 1410, Described from amber KW - P. 1440, Described from amber KW - p. 1443]. KW - P. 1447, Described from copal KW - Palaearctic region KW - petrobia Simon 1875, p. 1421]. KW - picta Kulczynski 1897, p. 1420]. KW - position KW - Protohahnia KW - Protohahnia (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of tribe Hahniini, Type species KW - Protohahnia antiqua KW - Protohahnia antiqua (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, KW - Protohahnia antiqua, p. 1426, Tertiary KW - Protohahnia tripartita KW - Protohahnia tripartita (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, KW - Protomastigusa KW - Protomastigusa (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of subfamily Cryphoecinae, Type KW - Protomastigusa composita (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, KW - Quaternary KW - Scopulyna (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of subfamily Dictyninae, Type species KW - Scopulyna [Tertiary / / New genus]. KW - Scopulyna cursor (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type locality not given, Tertiary, KW - Scopulyna cursor [Tertiary / / New species KW - Scopulyna cursor, p. 1439, Tertiary KW - species Balticocryphoeca curvitarsis, p. 1390, Tertiary KW - species Eocryphoecara abicera, p. 1401, Tertiary KW - species Gibbermastigusa lateralis, p. 1403, Tertiary KW - species Protomastigusa composita, p. 1411, Tertiary KW - Spinihahnia (Araneae): [Gen nov, Of tribe Hahniini, Type species Hahnia KW - Spinihahnia petrobia - (Simon 1875) (Araneae): [Comb nov, Transferred KW - stridulans KW - Synonymy KW - Systematics KW - taxa in Baltic amber, males, p. 1430]. KW - taxa in Baltic amber, p. 1388]. KW - Taxonomic KW - Taxonomy KW - Tertiary, P. 1396, Described from amber KW - Tertiary, P. 1398, Described from amber KW - Tertiary, P. 1399, Described from amber KW - Tertiary, P. 1400, Described from amber KW - Tertiary, P. 1402, Described from amber KW - Tertiary, P. 1403, Described from amber KW - Tertiary, P. 1408, Described from amber KW - Tertiary, P. 1412, Described from amber KW - Tertiary, P. 1423, Described from amber KW - Tertiary, P. 1426, Described from amber KW - Tertiary, P. 1427, Described from amber KW - Tertiary, P. 1432, Described from amber KW - Tertiary, P. 1434, Described from amber KW - Tertiary, P. 1436, Described from amber KW - Tertiary, P. 1437, Described from amber KW - Tertiary, P. 1443, Described from amber KW - Tertiary, P. 1444, Described from amber KW - tuberculata KW - type KW - Type genus KW - Type species AB - A new diagnosis of the family Dictynidae s. I. (Copaldictyninae, Cryphoecinae (?= Cicurininae), Dictyninae, Hahniinae and Mizagallinae) and a key to the fossil and extant holarctic subfamilies and genera are given, the new subfamilies Mizagallinae (known from fossils in Baltic amber and from extant taxa) and Copaldictyninae (known from copal of Madagascar), and the new tribus Hahniini and Antisteini are introduced; Antisteini are unknown from fossils. 15 of 16 fossil genera of the Dictynidae s. I. of the Baltic amber forest are extinct (= about 40% of all described holarctic genera) and known from this amber forest only, solely members of Mastigusa survived in the nests of ants. - The following fossil taxa are described from Baltic amber: (1) Cryphoecinae: Balticocryphoeca n. gen with its type species B. curvitarsis n. sp., Cryphoezaga n. gen. with its type species C. dubia n. sp., Eocryphoeca PETRUNKEVITCH 1942, E. bitterfeldensis n. sp., E. electrina n. sp., E. falcata n. sp., E. gibbifera n. sp., E. ligula n. sp., E. mammilla n. sp. and E. splendens n. sp., Eocryphoecara n. gen. with ist type species E. abicera n. sp., Gibbermastigusa n. gen. with its type species G. lateralis n. sp., Mastigusa arcuata n. sp., M. bitterfeldensis n. sp., M. laticymbium n. sp., M. magnibulbus n. sp. and M. scutata n. sp., Protomastigusa n. gen. with its type species P. composita n. sp.; Clythia KOCH & BERENDT 1854 and Thyelia KOCH & BERENDT 1854 are dubious genera; Eocryphoeca PETRUNKEVITCH 1946 may be a member of the family Agelenidae. No fossil taxon of the Cryphoecinae is known from Dominican amber. (b) Hahniinae: Cymbiohahnia n. gen. with its type species C. parens n. sp., Protohahnia n. gen., P. antiqua n. sp. and P. tripartita n. sp.; Eohahnia PETRUNKEVITCH 1958 and its type species E. succini PETRUNKEVITCH 1958 are revised, the male is described for the first time. No named fossil taxon of the Hahniidae is known from Dominican amber. The following extant taxa of the Hahniinae are described from the Palaearctic Region: Hahniharmia n. gen. with its type species Hahnia picta KULCZYNSKI 1897 and Spinihahnia n. gen. with its type species Hahnia petrobia SIMON 1875; remarks are given on the taxonomy of the extant genera Asiohahnia OVTCHINNIKOV 1992, Hahnia C. L. KOCH 1841 and Iberina SIMON 1881. (3) Dictyninae in Baltic amber: Brommellina n. gen. with its type species B. Iongungulae n. sp., Chelicirrum n. gen with its type species C. stridulans n. sp., Eobrommella n. gen. with its type species E. scutata n. sp., Eodictyna n. gen. with its type species E. communus n. sp., Scopulyna n. gen. with its type species S. cursor n. sp. (4) Mizagallinae n. subfam., Mizagalla n. gen., M. quattuor n. sp., M. tuberculate n. sp.; the extant genus Mizaga SIMON 1898 is regarded as a member of the Mizagallinae, too. - The following (sub)recent taxa are described from copal of Madagascar: Copaldictyninae n. sub-fam. and Copaldictyna n. gen. with its type species C. madagascariensis n. sp. - Synonymy: (a) Fossils in Baltic amber: The synonymy of Arthrodictynidae PETRUNKEVITCH 1942, Auximus sensu PETRUNKEVITCH 1958 and Eolathys PETRUNKEVITCH 1950 - all described from Baltic amber - is shortly discussed. (b) Extants: Altella SIMON 1884 (n. syn.) and probably Hackmania LEHTINEN 1967 (quest. syn.) = Argenna THORELL 1869. - Parthenogenesis is supposed to exist in the extant Hahnia microphthalma SNAZELL & DUFFEY 1980. Three kinds of stridulatory organs are reported from the Dictynidae s.I.; kleptoparasitism and social life in fossil Hahniinae are shortly discussed; parts of capture webs including cribellate threads are reported from fossil members of the Dictyninae; distinct allometric growth, is re-ported from the male chelicerae of Eodictyna communis; weakly reqenerated legs are reported from Eocryphoeca bitterfeldensis. VL - 3B SN - 0930-1526 UR - ://ZOOREC:ZOOR14101003672 N1 - ZOOR14101003672 ER -