58681nas a2205221   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      1869                        eng d00aOn European Spiders. Part I. Review of the European Genera of Spiders, preceded by some observations on Zoological Nomenclature0 aEuropean Spiders Part I Review of the European Genera of Spiders  c1869  app. 1-2420 vvii3 aThis is undoubtedly the most valuable contribution to the knowledge of the Araneida that has appeared of late years. The author discusses in it the general classification of the group, and the bibliography and literature of the subject generally; and many remarks upon extra-European forms of Spiders will be found scattered through it, or in the notes appended to the text. The author has also discussed the general question of zoological nomenclature and synonymy, his remarks upon which are exceedingly valuable. A great number of generic names are changed by the author on account of their having been preoccupied in other groups (see especially p. 37). Thorell also gives a notice of Fossil Spiders, including descriptions of some new forms. THORELL (European Spiders, part I.) combines Eresus with the Salticidae to form his suborder Saltigradae, which he divides into two families as follows (l. c. p. 198):-1. Eresoidae: cephalothorax antice valde elevato-convexus; oculi 2 postici inter se multo longius distantes quam sunt 2 proximo antecedents; tarsi unguibus trinis aut binis instructi, fasciculo unguiculari carentes. 2. Attoidae: cephalothorax deplanatus, parte cephalica non vel paullo tantum altiore quam parte thoracica; oculi 2 postici inter se non multo longius quam 2 antecedentes remoti; oculi 4 majores inter se proximi, medii (antici) eorum reliquis omnibus multo majores; tarsi unguibus tantum binis et fasciculo unguiculari instructi. The Eresoidae, including only the two genera Eresus and Palpimanus, are divided into the subfamilies Eresinae with an infra-mammillary organ and calamistrum, and Palpimaninae, in which those organs are wanting. Each, of Course, includes a single genus, the type of Eresus being E. cinnabarinus (Oliv.), and that of Palpimanus P. gibbulus (Duf.). THORELL (European Spiders, part I.) adopts the suborder Laterigradae and includes in it only the family Thomisoidae, in which he admits the following European genera (l. c. pp. 173-175):-I. Mamillae ut et ungues in apice tarsorum adsunt. A. Pedes 4 posteriores reliquis non vel parum graciliores, saepissime iis non vel parum breviores; tarsi in apice sub unguibus fasciculis 2 pilorum plus minus dilatatorum instructi Subf. I. Philodrominae. 1. Utraque oculorum series ex oculis 4 composita. a.Oculi medii antici vix vel non longius a margine clypei quam a mediis posticis remoti; maxillae plerumque rectae et parallelae. Series oculorum antica paullo recurva, postica paullo procurva. Micrommata (Lat.). Series oculorum antica paullo recurva, postica subrecta. Sparassus (Walck.). [ Series oculorum antica subprocurva vel recta, postica paullo recurva vel subrecta; oculi laterales antici mediis anticis non manifeste majores 3. Heteropoda (Lat.).] b.Oculi medii antici evidenter longius a margine clypei quam a mediis posticis remoti; maxillae in labium inclinatae. Pedum proportio 2, 1, 4, 3 (vel 2, 1, 3, 4); cephalothorax breviter ovatus, vel suborbiculatus. ?. Series oculorum antica modice, postica levius recurva; abdomen depressum, breviter et inverse ovatum vel subpentagonum 5. Artanes, g. n. [beta]. Series oculorum ambae modice et aequaliter recurvae; abdomen plerumque ovatum vel inverse ovatum. 6. Philodromus (Walck.). Pedum proportio 2, 4, 1, 3 (vel 2, 4, 3, 1); series oculorum ambae fortiter recurvae; cephalothorax et abdomen oblonga. 7.Thanatus (Koch). 2. Series oculorum antica ex oculis 6, postica ex 2 tantum oculis constat. 4. Selenops (Duf.). B. Pedes 4 posteriores reliquis graciliores et breviores multo; tarsi fasciculis unguicularibus carentSubf. II. THOMISINAE. 1.Frons cum mandibulis declivis, subporrecta; oculi medii antici a margine clypei longius distantes quam a mediis posticis. a.Series oculorum antica levius, postica fortius recurva; laterales antici evidenter majores quam medii antici. 8.Monaeses, g. n. b.Series oculorum antica fortius, postica levius recurva; laterales antici non majores quam medii antici. 9. Thomisus (Walck.). 2.Frons et mandibulae subverticales; oculi medii antici non longius a margine clypei quam a mediis posticis remoti. a.Series oculorum antica plus minus recurva. Oculi laterales postici vix vel non majores quam medii postici; aculei tibiarum graciles. ?. Series oculorum anticorum fortius, posticorum levius recurva; laterales antici non vel parum majores quam intermedii antici 10. Misumena (Lat.). [beta]. Series oculorum anticorum levius, posticorum fortius recurva; laterales antici manifeste majores quam intermedii antici. 11.Diaea, g. n. Oculi laterales postici evidenter majores quam medii postici; tibiae et metatarsi anteriores subtus aculeis robustis armati. 12. Xysticus (Koch). b.Series oculorum antica subrecta, oculi laterales inter se manifeste longius distantes quam medii antici a mediis posticis; oculi 4 medii in rectangulum latiorem quam longiorem dispositi; corpus valde depressum13. Coriarachne, g. n. II. Mamillae et ungues desunt Subf. III. ANETINAE. Oculi laterales longe remoti 14. Anetes (Menge). THORELL (European Spiders, part I.), as already stated, includes three families under his suborder Territelariae; but of these only one, his Theraphosoidae, representing the Mygalidae of most authors, is represented in Europe. He gives the following table of the European genera (l. c. p. 164):-I.Maxillae versus basin dilatatae; palpi dilatationi lateris affixi; cephalothorax anteriora versus dilatatus 1. Atypus (Latr.). II.Maxillae angustae, subcylindratae; palpi apice earum inserti. A.Area oculorum 21/2-3-plo latior quam longior; cephalothorax antice alte elevatus; pedes breves, robusti, 3tif paris roliquis breviores. 2. Cyrtauchenius, g. n. B.Oculi conferti, eminentiae communi parvae impositi; area quam occupant, circa dimidio-duplo tantum latior quam longior. 1.Mandibulae ad apicem dentibus vel lamellis corneis liberis, rastellum vel pecten formantibus, armatae. 3. Nemesia (Sav. & Aud.). 2.Mandibulae rastello carentes. a. Pedes versus apicem attenuati, unguibus ipsi apici tarsorum insertis. Mamillae superiores (posteriores) articulis quaternis. 4. Diplura (Koch). Mamillae superiores articulis trinis. 5. Trechona (Koch). [b. Pedes robusti, versus apicem vix vel parum attenuati, unguibus supra apicem tarsi insertis, retrahendis. 6. Avicularia (Lam.).] The type of Atypus is A. piceus (Sulzer); the type of Nemesia (=Cteniza) is N. cellicola (Sav. & Aud.); Diplura has D. macrura (Koch) as its type, and includes also Myg. calpeiana (Walck.) and M. luctuosa (Luc.); of Trechona the type adopted by Thorell is Myg. valentina (Duf.); Avicularia is represented by Ar. avicularia (Linn.)=vestiaria (De G.)=Avic. canceridea (Lam.). The European genera of Lycosoidae are tabulated by THORELL as follows (l. c. p. 189):-I. Series oculorum antica ex oculis 4 formata. A. Oculi medii seriei anticae a margine clypei spatio remoti quod diametrum oculorum non vel paullo tantum superat. 1.Mamillae superiores reliquis saltem dimidio longiores. 1. Aulonia (Koch). 2.Mamillae superiores reliquis vix vel non longiores. a. Series oculorum antica paullo brevior quam media; area oculorum aeque saltem longa atque lata; facies alta. Facies subquadrata, versus mandibulas non vel parum latior, lateribus rectis 2. Lycosa (Lat.). Facies versus mandibulas multo latior, lateribus fortiter convexis 3. Tarentula (Sund.). b. Series oculorum antica plerumque paullo longior, saltem non brevior quam media; area oculorum plerumque latior quam longior; facies humilis. Oculi medii seriei anticae majores, vix vel non minores quam oculi seriei posticae; cephalothorax plerumque densius appresso-pubescens 4. Trochosa (Koch). Oculi medii seriei anticae parvi, evidenter minores quam oculi seriei posticae; cephalothorax parce pubescens. 5. Pirata (Sund.). B.Oculi medii seriei anticae a margine clypei spatio remoti, quod diametro oculorum maximorum duplo saltem majus est. 1.Oculi 4 seriei anticae subaequales; pedes robustiores. 6.Dolomedes (Lat.). 2.Oculi 2 laterales seriei anticae evidenter majores quam medii ejusdem seriei; pedes graciles 7. Ocyale (Sav. & Aud.). [II. Series oculorum antica ex duobus tantum oculis constans; oculi laterales seriei modiae ab oculis 2 seriei posticae longe disjuncti. 8. Ctenus (Walck.).] The Oxyopoidae include only 2 genera, namely:-1.Peucetia, g. n. (=Pasithea, Blackw.): oculi in series 3, sectorem circuli fere formantes, ordinati. 2.Oxyopes (Lat.): oculi in series 4 ordinati. The European genera of Attoidae are tabulated by THORELL as follows (l. c. pp. 206-208):-I. Pars cephalica parte thoracica abrupte altior. 1. Salticus (Lat.). II. Pars cephalica parte thoracica non altior. A. Quadrangulus oculorum longior quam latior; oculi seriei 3tiae fere in medio cephalothorace siti.; corpus longum et angustum; pedes tenues 2. Leptorchestes, g. n. B.Quadrangulus oculorum saltem postice latior quam longior. Metatarsi et tibiae omnes aculeiscarentes. 3. Epiblemum (Hentz). Metatarsi pedum saltem anteriorum evidenter aculeati. a. Oculi seriei 3tiae non longius a margine cephalothoracis quam inter se remoti. Cephalothorax plerumque duplo fere longior quam latior. 4. Heliophanus (Koch). Cephalothorax non duplo longior quam latior. a. Cephalothorax humilis valde, dorso subplano; oculi seriei 3tiae plerumque multo longius inter se quam a margine cephalothoracis remoti. ?.Quadrangulus oculorum postice evidenter latior quam antice; oculi seriei 3tiae non multo ante medium cephalothoracis siti5. Ballus (Koch). b.Quadrangulus oculorum postice vix vel non latior quam antice; oculi seriei 3time longe ante medium cephalothoracis siti 6. Marpessa (Koch). [beta]. Cephalothorax altus, antice non angustatus, dorso evidenter arcuato 9. Euophrys (Koch). b. Oculi seriei 3tiae longius a margine cephalothoracis quam inter se remoti. Cephalothorax minus altus, dorso leviter tantum arcuato, parte cephalica parum declivi, ita ut oculi seriei 3tiae vix diametro sua altius quam oculi laterales seriei 1mae sint siti 7. Menemerus (Sim.). Cephalothorax altus, immo altissimus, parte cephalica adeo declivi ut oculi seriei 3tiae multo altius quam oculi laterales seriei 1mae siti sint. a. Metatarsi pedum posteriorum circa apicem tantum aculeis armati 8. Dendryphantes (Koch). [beta]. Metatarsi pedum posteriorum non tantum ad apicem aculeati. a. Oculi medii seriei 1mae ante frontem eminentes. Mandibulae facie circa duplo longiores. 10.Philaeus, g. n. Mandibulae facie non vel paullo tantum altiores. 11.Attus (Walck.). b. Frons adeo prominens, ut oculi medii seriei 1mae a margine frontis occultentur. Tibia pedum 4ti paris evidenter brevior quam meta tarsus cum tarso. 12. AElurops, g. n. Tibia pedum 4ti paris aeque saltem longa ac metatarsus cum tarso. 13. Yllenus (Sim.). The type of Salticus is A. formicaria (De G.), and the genus=Pyrophorus (Koch)=Pyroderes (Sim.); that of Epiblemum is E. faustum (Hentz), and the genus nearly represents. Calliethara (Koch), which is a later name; Heliophanus has Attus cupreus (Walck.) for its type; Ballus has for its type Attus heterophthalmus (Reuss), and includes A. depressus (Walck.)=S. brevipes (Hahn) and S. obscurus (Blackw.); the type of Marpessa is A. muscosus (Cl.), and the genus includes M. radiata (Grube), M. hamata (Koch), Salticus pulchellus (Hahn), Menemerus falsificus (Sim.), and Attus lucasii (Sim.); the type of Menemerus is Salt. semilimbatus (Hahn); that of Dendryphantes is A. hastatus (Cl.); Euophrys has Attus frontalis (Walck.) as its type; the type of Attus is A. terebratus (Cl.); and the type of Yllenus is Y. arenarius (Sim.). To the first three of these families reference will be made under Agelenidae; the other three form the group which has been included under the name of Drassidae in these 'Records.' Their genera are tabulated as follows by THORELL. Under the Drassoidae we have (l. c. p. 139):-I. Oculi 8. A. Maxillae convexae, non impressae. 1.Series oculorum postica, desuper visa, recurva. a. Pedes aculeati. Oculi laterales inter se longius quam medii antici a mediis posticis distantes. 1. Zora (Koch). Oculi laterales inter se non longius remoti, quam medii antici a mediis posticis. 2. Apostenus (Westr.). (?) b. Pedes non aculeati. 3. Trachelas (L. Koch). 2. Series oculorum postica procurva vel recta. a. Abdomen subtus pone plicam genitalem aliam plicam transversam praebet5. Anyphoena (Sund.). b. Abdomen plica pone plicam genitalem caret. Mandibulae ad basin inermes. a. Pedes 4u paris reliquis longiores. a. Labium ad summum dimidiam maxillarum longitudinem aequat. 4. Liocranum (L. Koch). b. Labium 1/3 brevius quam maxilla. 6. Clubiona (Lat.). [beta]. Pedes 1ml paris reliquis longiores. 7. Chiracanthium(Koch). Mandibulae ad basin aculeo armatae.. 8. Phrurolithus (Koch). B. Maxillae in medio impressae. 1. Cephalothorax linea media impressa caret. 9. Micaria (Westr.). 2. Cephalothorax linea media impressa praeditus. a.Series oculorum postica plus minus procurva, et evidenter longior quam series antica. 10. Drassus (Walck.). b. Series oculorum postica recta vel recurva. Series oculorum postica subrecta, non recurva, parum longior quam series antica. 11. Melanophora (Koch.). Oculi laterales inter se evidenter longius distantes quam medii antici a mediis posticis; series oculorum posticorum saepissime evidenter recurva 12. Gnaphosa (Lat.). II.Oculi 6 13. Thysa (Kempel.). The type of the genus Zora is Z. lycaena (Walck.)=spinimana (Sund.); the genus also includes Dolomedes spinimanus (Duf.), D. errans (Duf.), and D. hippomane (Sav. & Aud.). Apostenus has as its type A. fuscus (Westr.) and includes Agelena celans and gracilipes (Blackw.), Apostenus saxatilis (Auss.), and probably Ar. spinicrus (Duf.) and Drassus subniger (Cambr.). Liocranum is represented by Clubiona domestica (Reuss), and probably includes Drassus praelongipes (Cambr.). The type of Anyphaena is Club. accentuata (Walck.), that of Clubiona is A. holosericea (De G.), that of Chiracanthium is Club. nutrix (Walck.), and that of Phrurolithus is P. festivus (Koch). Micaria has as its type Drassus fulgens (Walck.). Aranea quadripunctata (Linn.) is the type of Drassus as restricted by Thorell, which includes Drassodes (Westr.). Melanophora, the distinctness of which from Gnaphosa is considered to be doubtful, has Drassus ater (Lat.) as its type. Gnaphosa (=Pythonissa, Koch) is typified by Drassus lucifugus (Walck.); and Thysa includes only its original species T. pythonissaeformis (Kempelen). The following is the table of genera of Dysderoidae given by Thorell (l. c. p. 153):-I. Oculi 6 perfecte explicati. A. Series oculorum antica ex 4, postica ex 2 oculis constans; oculi non ommes valde appropinquantes. 1. Maxillae longae, rectae, subparallelae; ungues tarsorum trini. 1. Segestria (Lat.). 2. Maxillae breves, latae, basi gibbosae, in labium paullo inclinatae. 2. Schaenobates (Blackw.). B. Series oculorum antica ex 2, postica ex 4 oculis constans. 1.Oculi laterales seriei posticae subrectae, longius ab oculis mediis ejusdem seriei disjuncti; oculi duo antici inter se longe remoti; ungues tarsorum trini 3. Ariadne (Sav. & Aud.). 2. Oculi saltem seriei posticae inter se valde appropinquantes. a. Oculi duo anteriores reliquis plerumque manifeste majores, plus minus longe disjuncti; series oculorum postica procurva. Mandibulae subporrectae, ungue longo et valido. Dysdera (Lat.). Mandibulae verticales, ungue brevi; ungues tarsorum trini. Harpactes (Temp.). b. Oculi omnes inter se valde appropinquantes, in tria paria dispositi, 2 utrinque, 2, reliquis majores, in medio; tarsi articulo libero unguifero aucti; ungues bini. 7. Oonops (Temp.). II. Oculi aut 6 valde imperfecti, aut O; ungues tarsorum trini. 4. Stalita (Schiodte). The type of Segestria is A. senoculata (Linn.). Schaenobates includes only S. walkeri (Blackw.). Ariadne is represented by A. insidiatrix (Forsk.). The type of Stalita is S. taenaria (Schiodte), and the species described under that name by Keyserling is distinct. The type of Dysdera is A. punctoria (Vill.); that of Harpactes is A. hombergii (Scop.); and that of Oonops is O. pulcher (Temp.). Thorell's family Filistatoidae includes only the genus Filistata. The family Hersilioidae, of which the genus Hersilia (Sav. & Aud.) is the type, includes only one European species, Hersilia oraniensis (Luc.), which Thorell makes the type of a new genus, characterized as follows (l. c. p. 115):- Hersiliola: Tarsorum articulus unguiferus ipso tarso multo brevior; mamillarum superiorum articuli bini, primus et secundus subaequales; pedes 3til paris reliquis non valde breviores. .Of his Agalenoidae, THORELL (l. c. p. 119) gives the following table of genera:- I. Nulla stigmata trachealia in medio ventris paullo pone plicam genitalem. A.Organum inframamillare et calamistrum adsunt. Subf. 1. AMAUROBIINae. 1. Maxillae in labium subtriangulum inclinatae; pedes omnes aculeis carentes. a. Oculi laterales inter se contingentes; antici eorum a mediis anticis longius distantes 1. Dictyna (Sund.). b.Oculi laterales et omnes oculi seriei anterioris inter se valde et aeque appropinquantes. 2. Argenna, g. n. 2. Maxillae subparallelae. a. Oculi laterales disjuncti. Pedes saltem 6 posteriores aculeis carentes; labium semiovale. 3. Titanaeca, g. n. Pedes omnes aculeati; labium ad basin constrictum, apice truncatum vel subemarginatum; oculi seriei 1mae subaequales, medii postici paullo longius a lateralibus posticis quam inter se distantes. 5. Amaurobius (Koch). b.Oculi laterales subcontingentes. 4. Lethia (Menge). B.Organum inframamillare et calamistrum desunt. Subf. II. AGALENINAE. 1. Mamillae superiores reliquis longiores, articulis binis, 2do acuminato, in latere inferiore, non in apice tautum, tubulis teztoriis instructo. a. Oculi 8. Mandibulae ad basin geniculato-convexae. 7. Caelotes (Blackw.). Mandibulae dorso recto vel leviter modo convexae, non ad basin geniculatae. a. Series oculorum posticorum plus minus recurva vel subrecta. [beta]. Series oculorum anticorum subrecta vel recurva, posticorum fortiter recurva. 13. Textrix (Sund.). b. Series oculorum anticorum procurva vel subrecta, posticorum subrecurva vel recta 12. Histopona, g. n. [beta]. Series oculorum posticorum procurva vel saltem recta. a. Mamillae superiores et inferiores in trapezium postice paullo latius vel in aream subrectangulum dispositae. Series oculorum anticorum fortiter procurva. aa. Series oculorum posticorum procurva; mamillarum superiorum articulus 2dus 1mo longior. 11. Agalena (Walck.). [beta][beta]. Series oculorum posticorum subrecta; mamillarum superiorum articulus 2dus 1mo saltem dimidio brevior. 9. Cryphoeca, g. n. Series oculorum anticorum subrecta vel paullo procurva; mamillarum superiorum articulus 2dus 1mo saepissime multo brevior 8. Tegenaria (Lat.). b. Mamillae longae, superiores inter se valde remotae, cum inferioribus in lineam transvesam recurvam dispositae, et iis fere dimidio longiores 10. Hahnia (Koch). b. Oculi nulli; mamillae superiores valde longae, articulo 2do aeque fere longo atque 1mo 14. Hadites (Keys.). 2. Mamillae superiores inferioribus non vel parum longiores, in ipso apice tantum tubulis textoriis praeditae. a. Mamillae superiores articulis distinctis binis; ungues tarsorum bini. 15.Agroeca (Westr.). b.Mamillae superiores articulo 2do exserto nullo; ungues tarsorum trini 6. Cyboeus (L. Koch). II. Pone plicam genitalem alia plica, stigmata trachealia duo in medio ejus sita continens, ad basin ventris adest. Subf. III. Argyronetinae. 16. ARGYRONETA (Lat.). .As already indicated (p. 144), THORELL (European Spiders, part I.) places this family under his suborder Retitelariae, which he divides into families as follows (l. c. 1869 p. 72):-I. Mamillae inferiores (anteriores) reliquis non vel parum longiores. A. Tarsi articulo unguifero libero carentes; labium liberum; mandibulae non ad basin coalitae 1. THERIDIOIDAE. B.Tarsi articulo libero unguifero aucti; labium cum sterno plerumque sine sutura coalitum; mandibulae versus basin plerumque inter se unitae 2. SCYTODOIDAE. II.Mamillae inferiores reliquis multo longiores. 3. ENYOIDAE. .THORELL's Scytodoidae are divided by him as follows (l. c. p. 101):-I.Oculi aut 8, aut 6, et tum tres in utroque latere frontis. (Palpi marium valde incrassati, clava complicata.) Subf. 1. Pholcinae. A. Oculi 8; pedes omnium longissimi 1. Pholcus (Walck.). B. Oculi 6 2. Spermophora (Hentz). II. Oculi 6, in tria paria dispositi, duo in utroque latem frontis. (Palpi marium tenues, clava parum complicata.) Subf. 2. SCYTODINAE. A. Cephalothorax postice alte convexus; mandibulae parvae, debiles; unguen tarsorum trini 3. Scytodes (Lat). n 2 B. Cephalothorax plus minus depresaus; mandibulae fortiores; ungues tarsorum bini 4. Loxosceles (Lowe). The Enyoidoe include only two genera, namely:-I.Series oculorum anticorum procurva 1. Zodarium (Walck.). II. Series oculorum anticorum subrecta. 2. Enyo (Say. & Aud.). .THORELL (European Spiders, part I.) excludes the genera Eresus and Deinopis from this family, but includes in it the genera Uloborus (=Veleda, Blackw.), Hyptiotes and Zosis (=Orithyia, Blackw.). He gives the following Table1 (l. c. p. 49) of the European genera which he admits into his Epeiroidoe:-I. Organum inframamillare nullum; metatarsi postici calamistro carent. Subf. I. EPEIRINAE. A. Maxillae breves, latitudine non vel parum longiores. 1.Series oculorum postica, desuperne visa, fortiter procurva3. Cephalothorax subplanus, parte cephalica parva, humili. 1. Argiope (Sav. & Aud.). 2.Series oculorum postica, desuperne viss, subrecta vel recurva. Cephalothorax modice convexus, parte cephalica (in feminis saltem) sat magna. a. Oculi laterales postici a mediis posticis multo longius distantes quam hi inter se. Pedes 1ml paris reliquis longiores. a. Oculi laterales antici ab anticis mediis saepissime evidenter, plerumque dimidio-duplo longius distantes quam hi inter se2. Epeira (Walck.). [beta]. Oculi laterales antici ab anticis mediis non vel paulle tantum longius distantes quam hi inter se. a. Oculi laterales saepissime sat late disjuncti. Abdomen postice in formam coni productum vel ibi tuberculatum. 3. Cyrtophora (Simon). b. Oculi laterales subcontingentes; abdomen cute molli tectum, cylindrato-ovali. 4. Singa (Koch). Pedes 4ti paris reliquis longiores. Abdomen cute duriuscula tectum 5. Cercidia, g. n. b.Oculi laterales postici non vel (in [male]) parum longius a mediis posticis distantes quam hi inter se. 6. Zilla (Koch). B. Marillae dimidio-duplo vel ultra longiores quam latiores. 1.Series oculorum anticorum fortiter recurva; oculi laterales sub-contingentes. 7. Meta (Koch). 2.Series oculorum anticorum subrecta; oculi laterales disjuncti. 8. Tetragnatha (Lat.). II. Organum inframamillare adest; metatarsi postici calamistro instructi. Subf. II. ULOBORINAE. A.Series oculorum antica margini frontis proxima, procurva, postica recurva 9. Uloborus (Lat.). B. Oculi a margine frontis longe remoti, spatium magnum occupantes; series antica procurva, postica recurva, longa. 10. Hyptiotes (Walck.). The type of Argiope is A. lobata (Pall.), and the genus also includes A. brunnichii (Scop.)=fasciata (Oliv.), and probably Ep. ambagiosa (Walck.), which is referred by Simon to Nephila. The type of Epeira is E. diademata (Cl.); the values of the genera established at the expense of Epeira are discussed by the author (pp. 53-56). The type of Cyrtophora is Ep. opuntioe (Duf.); it includes also A. conica (Pall.), for which Menge has established the genus Cyclosa, which falls, as later in date than Cyrtophora. Of Simon 's Cyrtophoroe the author rejects Ep. mexicana (Luc.), Ep. paradoxa (Luc.), probably a Cyrtarachne (Thor.)=Cyrtogaster (Keys.), and E. mitralis (Vins.), which belongs to Coerostris (Thor.), including also C. tuberculata (Vins.) and C. imperialis (Walck.). The type of Singa is A. hamata (Cl.). Cercidia is proposed instead of Cerceis (Menge), the latter name being previously employed; its type is Ep. prominens (Westr.). Zilla has for its type A. x-notata (Cl.)=calophylla (Walck.); it includes also Z. montana (Koch) and Ep. atrica (Koch). The type of Meta is Ep. menardi (Lat.); it includes also M. merianoe and M. muraria (Koch), and A. segmentatus (C1.)=reticulata (Linn.). Tetragnatha has for its type A. extensa (Linn.). The type of Uloborus (=Phillyra, Hentz=Veleda, Blackw.) is U. walckenaerii (Lat.); it includes U. latreillii and U. coatoe (Thor.). The type of Hyptiotes (Uptiotes, Walck.) is Mithras paradoxus (Koch); and the position of this genus is discussed at great length (pp. 67-71). THORELL (European Spiders, part I.) proposes to divide this order (which he calls Araneae) into 7 suborders, nearly corresponding to the families of Latreille, namely the Orbitelariae, Retitelariae (=Inaequitelae, Lat.), Tubitelariae, Territelariae, Citigradae, Laterigradae, and Saltigradae. These include in all 22 families (16 of which are represented in Europe), of which the author gives a scheme or diagram showing their mutual relations in accordance with the hypothesis of evolution-that is to say, on the principle of "propinquity of descent, " which he regards, with Darwin, as the sole cause of the similarity of organic beings. This diagram we cannot reproduce here; but its general indications may be understood from the following statement. The whole genealogical tree of the true Spiders springs from the Opiliones; it forms two branches, one of which is simple, the other very complex. The simple branch bifurcates, leading to the families Enyoidae and Scytodoidae; from the latter spring the Theridioidae, and from these again the Epeiroidae. The direct line of the second branch forms the family Filistatoidae; but the families Urocteoidae and Omanoidae (=OEcobiidae, Blackw.) are supposed to be given off from this branch before the discrimination of the Filistatoidae. From the latter springs a branch which gives off the Dysderoidae close to its origin, and leads up directly, after a longish interval, to the Theraphosoidae (=Mygalidae); and from these the Catadysoidae (founded for Catadysas, Hentz) spring on one side, pointing towards the Thomisoidae, and the Liphistioidae (founded for the genus Liphistius, Schiodte) on the other, pointing in the direction of the Phrynoidae. Another branch, originating from the Filistatoidae, bifurcates near its base into the Hersilioidae and Drassoidae; from the latter spring directly the Agalenoidae, Thomisoidae, and Lycosoidae, and from the last the Oxyopoidae, pointing towards the Saltigrade group. The Saltigradae likewise spring from the Drassoidae; their direct line terminates in the Myrmecioidae, and gives off the Attoidae; another branch is formed by a new family, Othiothopoidae (founded by the author for the reception of M'Leay's genus Othiothops); a third branch bifurcates and bears the families Dinopoidae and Eresoidae. These 22 families are placed by the author in his suborders as follows:-I. ORBITELARIAE: I. Epeiroidae; II. RETITELARIAE: 2. Theridioidae, 3. Scytodoidae, 4. Enyoidae; III. TUBITELARIAE: 5. Urocteoidae, 6. Omanoidae, 7. Hersilioidae, 8. Agalenoidae, 9. Drassoidae, 10. Dysderoidae, 11. Filistatoidae; IV. TERRITELARIAE: 12. Theraphosoidae, 13. Liphistioidae, 14. Catadysoidae; V. LATERIGRADAE: 15. Thomisoidae; VI. CITIGRADAE: 16. Lycosoidae, 17. Oxyopoidae; VII. SALTIGRADAE: 18. Myrmecioidae, 19. Othiothopoidae, 20. Dinopoidae, 21. Eresoidae, 22. Attoidae. The Spiders of this family are referred by Thorell (European Spiders, part I.) to his suborder Retitelariae, which is chiefly made up of the Theridiidae. For convenience, and in order to keep Thorell's results as much as possible together, the analysis of the whole of this suborder is given under the last-mentioned family. THORELL's suborder Citigradae (European Spiders, part I.) corresponds with this group, and is divided by him into the following two families:-I. LYCOSOIDAE: Oculi in series transversas tres vel duas dispoaiti; oculi 4 posteriores in trapezium postice latius, vel in lineam fortiter recurvam dispositi. II.OXYOPOIDAE: Oculi in series transversas 4 vel 3 dispositi; oculi 4 posteriores in trapezium postice angustius vel in seriem procurvam dispositi. The type of Micrommata is A. virescens (Cl.); the species placed under this genus by Hentz do not belong to it; Sparassus has S. argelasii (Walck.)=Ocypete tersa (Koch) as its type; Heteropoda is represented by A. venatoria (Linn.)=Olios leucosios (Walck.); Selenops has only S. homalosoma (Duf.) in Europe; the type of Philodromus is A. aureolus (Cl.); that of Thomisus is T. abbreviatus (Walck.)=T. diadema (Hahn); Misumena has A. vatius (Cl.)=A. citrea (De G.) as its type, and includes A. truncata (Pall.)=horrida (Fab.), T. lateralis (Koch), and T. villosus (Lat.); the type of Xysticus is X. kochii, sp. n.=X. viaticus (Koch nec Linn.), and the genus includes also A. viatica (Linn.)=X. audax (Koch), and Thom. claveatus (Walck.), and T. scabriculus (Westr.) forming part of Oxyptila (Sim.); Anetes, of which the author makes a distinct subfamily, includes only one species, A. caeletrum (Menge). THORELL (European Spiders, i. p. 109) divides his suborder Tubitelariae into the following six families:- I. Stigma tubi trachealis utrinque pone stigma sacci trachealis in latere ventris non adest. A. Tarsi articulo unguifero aucti; mamillae superiores reliquis multo longiores, articulis trinis aut binis: subtus tubulis textoriis praeditae; series oculorum 8 ambae recurvae; tarsorum ungues trini. II. HERSILIOIDAE. B. Tarsi articulo unguifero distincto carentes. 1. Pars cephalica impressionibus lateralibus a parte thoracica saepissime distincta; mamillae superiores inferioribus plerumque multo longiores. a. Cephalothorax brevis, subreniformis vel inverse cordatus, parte cephalica parva; matmillae superiores reliquis multo longiores, artic. binis, 2de longo, compresso; mandibulae parvae, debiles; maxillae in labium valde inclinatae; oculi 8; tarsorum ungues trini. I. UROCTEOIDAE. b.Cephalothorax oblongus, parte cephalica majore, saepissime elevata, convexa; mamillae superiores reliquis plerumque longiores et tum subtus tubulis textoriis praeditae; oculi 8, rarissime O; tarsorum ungues trini (exc. in Agraeca). III. AGALENOIDAE. 2.Pars cephalica a parte thoracica non distincta; mamillae superiores inferioribus non vel parum longiores. a.Mandibulae inter se liberae, ungue mediocri vel longo; labium non cum sterno coalitum; oculi 8, rarissime (in gen. Thysa) 6; ungues tarsorum bini IV. DRASSOIDAE. b.Mandibulae versus basin interse unitae; labium cum sterno coalitum; oculi 8; ungues tarsorum trini.VI. FILISTATOIDAE. II. Stigmata 4, bina in utroque latere ad basin ventris; oculi 6, rarissime (in Stalita) O; ungues tarsorum trini aut bini. V. DYSDEROIDAE. Thorell 's family Filistatoidae includes only the genus Filistata. Under his suborder Tubitelariae THORELL (European Spiders, part I.) includes six families, the characters of which will be found under Drassidae (p. 152). The first two families, which are newly established by Thorell, may be referred to in this place. The Urocteoidae, according to the author, "stand just upon the boundary-line between Tubitelariae and Retitelariae; " they include:-1. Urocta (Duf.)=Clotho (Walck.), the latter name previously employed: Oculi omnes rotundati, convexi; cephalothorax subreniformis; pedes robusti; mamillae superiores subtus tubulis textoriis vestiti; type Clotho durandi (Walck.); and 2. OEcobius (Luc.): Oculi intermedii postici subtrianguli, deplanati; cephalothorax inverse subcordatus; pedes graciliores; type OE. domesticus (Luc); also includes OE. annulipes (Luc.); both species possess eight eyes. THORELL's Amaurobiinoe nearly correspond with the Ciniflonidoe of Blackwall after the removal of those genera, such as Veleda, which agree with Ciniflo only in possessing an inframamillary organ and a calamistrum. The type of Dictyna is A. arundinacea (Linn.); Lethia includes only Ciniflo humilis (Blackw.)=L. varia(Menge); and the type of Amaurobius (=Ciniflo, Blackw.) is A. fenestralis (Strom)=atrox (De G.). Of the Agaleninoe, Cyboeus includes C. tetricus and angustiarum (L. Koch); the type of Coelotes is C. saxatilis (Blackw.); the type of Tegenaria is T. civilis (Walck.), and the genus includes most of the species referred to Philoica, the relations of which are discussed (p. 130); Hahnia has for its type Ag. montana (Blackw.)=H. pusilla (Koch), and includes Ag. elegans (Blackw.) and other species; Agalena (changed from Agelena on etymological grounds) has as its type A. labyrinthica (Cl.); the type of Textrix is A. denticulate (Oliv.)=T. lycosina (Sund.); Hadites (Keys.) includes only H. tegenarioides (Keys.); the type of Agroeca is Agel. brunnea (Blackw.)=linotina (Koch). The Argyronetinoe require no notice. THORELL's Theridioidae include the following European genera:-I. Abdomen petiolo longo, nodoso cum cephalothorace unitum. 2. Formicina (Canestr.). II. Petiolum brevissimum, angustum. A. Oculi non in tres turmas dispositi, neque inter se valde inaequales. 1. Oculi laterales inter se spatio minore disjuncti, quam quo distant medii antici a mediis posticis. a.Pedes aculeis sparsis armati. Oculi medii in trapezium antice angustius dispositi. ?. Oculi medii antici a margine clypei spatio non breviore distantes, quam quo a mediis posticis distant. 6. Linyphia (Lat.). ?. Oculi medii antici a margine clypei multo minus distantes, quam quo a mediis posticis distant. 5. Tapinopa (Westr.). Oculi medii in quadratum dispositi. 10. Ero (C. Koch). b. Pedes aculeis carentes (rarissime serie aculeorum subtus instructis).Mandibulae femore plus duplo crassiores, usque a basi divergentes. 1. Pachygnatha (Sund.). Mandibulae non vel apice tantum divergentes. ?. Mandibulae non vel parum crassiores quam femora anteriora; maxillae paralleliter porrectae; pedum prop. 1, 2, 4, 3. 4. Argyrodes (Sim.). ?. Mandibulae plerumque femore crassiores et apice divergentes; pedum prop. 4, 1, 2, 3. a. Maxillae subparallelae vel in labium inclinatae, ad basin non vel parum latiores 8. Walckenaera (Blackw.). b. Maxillae ad basin valde dilatatae. 7. Erigone (Sav. & Aud.). Mandibulae saepissime femore angustiores et subcylindratae; maxillae plerumque in labium fortiter inclinatae. a. Oculi laterales contingentes. a.Oculi medii trapezium antice duplo angustius formantes, maxillae latae 9. Nesticus, g. n. b.Oculi medii aream antici non vel parum angustiorem quam postici occupantes; maxillae plerumque angustae et sub-lineares. aa. Spatium inter oculos posticos medios et laterales duplo circiter majus, quam spatium, quo distant oculi medii inter se 11. Phyllonethis, g. n. bb. Spatium inter oculos posticos medios et laterales non vel paullo tantum majus, quam quo distant illi inter se. Series oculorum postica, desuperne visa, procurva vel subrecta. aa. Oculi minores 13. Theridium (Walck.). bb. Oculi majores. 14. Steatoda (Sund.). Series oculorum posticorum, evidenter recurva. aa. Pedes 1ml paris reliquis longiores; abdomen subglobosum12. Dipoena, g. n. bb. Pedes 4ti paris reliquis longiores; series oculorum posticorum fortiter recurva; abdomen ovatum. 17. Euryopis (Menge). ?. Oculi laterales disjuncti. a. Spatium inter oculos anticos medios et laterales vix majus, quam spatium quo distant laterales inter se. 3. Episinus (Walck.). b.Spatium inter oculos anticos medios et laterales multo majus, quam quo distant hi inter se. aa. Clypeus humilior; oculi medii in rectangulum dispositi. 15. Lithyphantes, g. n. [beta][beta]. Clypeus altus; oculi medii aream antice paullo angustiorem occupantes 18. Asagena (Sund.). 2. Oculi in duas series subparallelas dispositi. 16. Lathrodectus (Walck.). B. Oculi in tres turmas dispositi, duas laterales ex oculis trinis magnis constantes, tertiam ex oculis duobus minutissimis inter illas sitis. 19. Pholcomma, g. n. Of Pachygnatha the type is P. clerckti (Sund.), and of Formicina, F. mutinensis (Canest.); the type of Episinus is E. truncatus (Walck.), that of Argyrodes is A. epeirae (Sim.)=Linyphia argyrodes (Walck.), and that of Tapinopa is Linyphia longidens (Reuss). Linyphia has for its type A. triangularis (Cl.), and to it Thorell restores all the species which have lately been formed into new genera especially by Menge, with the exception of A. cellulanus (C1.), of which he makes the type of a new genus. Neriene (Blackw.) consists of species which Thorell refers to Linyphia, Walckenaera, and Erigone. The type of Erigone is E. vagans (Sav. & Aud.). Walckenaera, which has for its type W. acuminata (Blackw.)=Erigone cornuta (Reuss); includes many of the genera proposed by Menge. Ero has for its type A. tuberculata (De G.); E. saxatilis (Koch) is a Theridium. Of Theridium, as restricted by him, Thorell regards A. sisyphium (Cl.) as the type; the genus corresponds to Walckenaer 's third family. Steatoda has as ita type A. castaneus (C1.), and is very nearly synonymous with Eucharia (C. Koch). The type of Lathrodectus is A. 13-guttata (Rossi), and that of Euryopis, Micryphantes flavo-maculatus (Koch); the latter genus also includes Therid. laetum (Westr.) and T. acuminatum (Luc). Asagena has as its type Ph. phaleratum (Panz.). In Thorell 's family Scytodoidae, the genus Pholcus has Aranea pluchii (Scop.) for its type, and Spermophora (=Rachus, Walck.) has S. meridionalts (Hentz). Scytodes is represented by S. thoracica (Lat.) and Loxosceles (=Omosites, Walck.) has as its type L. citigrada (Hein. & Lowe), and includes Scytodes rufescens (Duf.). The Enyoidae include only the genera Zodarium and Enyo, the former having as its type Enyo longipes (Sav. & Aud.) and including E. graeca (Koch) and E. occitanica (Dog.), which may all form one species; and the type of the latter being E. nitida (Sav. & Aud.), with which E. germanica (Koch) is probably identical, and a second (or third) species, E. italica (Canestr.). E. amaranthina (Luc.) ought probably to form the type of a third genus.10a(Blackw.) = Ox. littoralis (Sim.) as its type10a(C. Koch)10a(Cambr.)].10a(Cl.)10a(Cl.) the type of Ctenus is Ctenus dubius (Walck.) Peucetia substitued10a(Cl.)].10a(De G.)10a(Keys. nec10a(Koch)10a(Koch), (See Table, p. 148.) Type, Attus formicaeformis, (Luc.)].10a(Linn.)].10a(Luc.)].10a(Luc)10a(Panz.)].10a(Rossi)10a(see p. 156)].10a(See Table, p. 149.) Type, A. sanguinolenta, (Linn.)].10a(See Table, p. 151.) Type, A. margaritatus, (Cl.)].10a(Sund.)10a(Walck.)10a(Walck.)].10a(Westr.)10a= Aulonia alacris10a= Aulonia silvicola10a= Stalita taenaria10a13-guttata10a151.) Type, Xysticus depressus, (Koch)].10a4-guttatum, (Hahn), = Amaurobius kochii, (Auss.), =?, Ther. obscurum,10aA. cellulanus - (Cl.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aA. corollota10aacuminatum10aAelurops (Araneae): [Gen nov10aAgalenoidae10aAgalenoidae (Araneae).10aAgelena10aAgelena (Araneae).10aAgelena celans10aAgelena celans (Araneae).10aAgelenidae10aAgelenidae (Araneae).10aAgelenidae gracilipes - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aAgelenidae spinimana - (Sund.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aAgroeca10aAgroeca - (Westr.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aAmaurobiinae10aAmaurobiinae (Araneae).10aAmaurobius10aAmaurobius - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aAmaurobius kochii - (Auss.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aand Oxyopes has O.10aAnyphaena10aAnyphaena (Araneae).10aApostenus10aApostenus - (Westr.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aApostenus saxatilis - (Auss.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aAraneae10aAraneae (Arachnida).10aArctosa10aArctosa (Araneae).10aArgenna (Araneae): [Gen nov].10aArgenna mengei (Araneae): [Sp nov, Type, sp. n., p. 123, Upsal].10aArgyrodes10aArgyrodes - (Sim.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aArgyrodes 13-guttata - (Rossi) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aArgyrodes castaneus - (Cl.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aArgyrodes epeiroe - (Sim.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aArgyrodes sisyphium10aArgyrodes sisyphium - (Cl.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aArgyrodes triangularis - (Cl.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aArgyrodes tuberculata - (De G.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aArgyroneta - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aArtanes (Araneae): [Gen nov10aas its10aAsagena10aAsagena - (Sund.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aAtea melanogaster10aAtea melanogaster - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aAttoidae10aAttoidae (Araneae).10aAttus10aAttus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aAttus cupreus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aAttus formicaeformis - (Luc.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aAttus frontalis - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aAttus heterophthalmus - (Reuss) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aAttus lucasii - (Sim.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aAttus piceus - (Sulzer) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aAtypus10aAtypus - (Latr.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aAulonia (Araneae).10aAulonia [Zoology / / The type of10aAulonia alacris - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aAulonia ruricola10aAulonia ruricola - (De G.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aAulonia silvicola - (Sund.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aAvicularia10aAvicularia - (Lam.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aBallus10aBallus - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aBiology10aCaelotes - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10acastaneus10aCercidia (Araneae): [Gen nov].10aChiracanthium10aChiracanthium - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aCiniflo10aCiniflo - Blackw. (Araneae): [Systematics].10aCiniflo humilis - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aCitigradae10aCitigradae (Araneae).10aClubiona - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aClubiona domestica - (Reuss) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aCoelotes10aCoelotes (Araneae).10aCoriarachne (Araneae): [Gen nov10aCryphoeca (Araneae): [Gen nov].10aCteniza10aCteniza (Araneae).10aCtenus10aCtenus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aCtenus dubius - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aCyclosa10aCyclosa (Araneae).10aCyrtarachne - (Thor.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aCyrtauchenius (Araneae): [Gen nov10aCyrtocephalus, Luc.) (See Table, p. 145.) Type, C. walckenaerii,10aCyrtophora10aCyrtophora - (Simon) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aDeinopis10aDeinopis (Araneae).10aDendryphantes10aDendryphantes - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aDiaea (Araneae): [Gen nov10aDictyna10aDictyna - (Sund.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aDipoena (Araneae): [Gen nov].10aDipoena [Zoology / / pp. 77 & 9110aDolomedes10aDolomedes - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aDolomedes spinimanus - (Duf.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aDrassidae10aDrassidae (Araneae).10aDrassodes - (Westr.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aDrassus10aDrassus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aDrassus ater - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aDrassus fulgens - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aDrassus lucifugus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aDrassus praelongipes - (Cambr.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aDrassus subniger - (Cambr.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aDysdera10aDysdera - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aDysderoidae10aDysderoidae (Araneae).10aEpisinus10aEpisinus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aEpisinus truncatus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aEresus10aEresus (Araneae).10aEresus calophylla - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aEresus fasciata - (Oliv.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aEresus faustum - (Hentz) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aEresus reticulata - (Linn.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aErigone10aErigone (Araneae).10aEro - (C. Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aEro [Zoology / / Argyrodes tuberculata10aEro amaranthina - (Luc.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aEro germanica - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aEro groeca - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aEro italica - (Canestr.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aEro nitida - (Sav. & Aud.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aEro occitanica - (Dog.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aEro saxatilis (Koch)10aEro saxatilis (Koch) (Araneae).10aEucharia10aEuophrys10aEuophrys - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aEuryopis10aEuryopis (Araneae).10aFilistata10aFilistata (Araneae).10aFilistatoidae10aFilistatoidae (Araneae).10afor its type10afor Pasithea (the latter name being preoccupied) has P. viridis10aGen nov, g. n., p. 133, Type, Agelena10aGen nov, g. n., p. 165, (=10aGen nov, g. n., p. 180, (= Artamus, Koch)10aGen nov, g. n., p. 184, (See Table, p. 151.)10aGen nov, g. n., p. 186, (See Table, p.10aGen nov, g. n., p. 209, = Salticus,10aGen nov, g. n., p. 217, = Philia, (Koch),10aGen nov, g. n., p. 219, (= Dia, and,10aGnaphosa10aGnaphosa - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aHadites - (Keys.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10ahas10aHeliophanus10aHeliophanus - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aHersilia - (Sav. & Aud.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aHersilia oraniensis - (Luc.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aHersilia oraniensis [Zoology / / is made the type of a new genus by10aHersilioidae10aHersilioidae (Araneae).10aHersiliola10aHersiliola (Araneae).10aHeteropoda10aHeteropoda - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aHistopona (Araneae): [Gen nov10aHyptiotes10aHyptiotes - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aIdiops - (Perty) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aLaterigradae10aLaterigradae (Araneae).10aLathrodectus10alatter genus also includes10aLeptorchestes (Araneae): [Gen nov10aLinyphia10aLinyphia - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aLinyphia argyrodes - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aLinyphia longidens - (Reuss) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aLiocranum10aLiocranum - (L. Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aLiphistius - Schiodte (Araneae): [Systematics].10aLithyphantes (Araneae): [Gen nov].10aLithyphantes [Zoology / / pp. 77 & 9110aLoxosceles10aLoxosceles - (Lowe) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aLoxosceles citigrada - (Hein. & Lowe) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aLycosa10aLycosa - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aLycosa albimana10aLycosa albimana - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aLycosa apuliae10aLycosa apuliae - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aLycosa lugubris10aLycosa lugubris - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aLycosoidae10aLycosoidae (Araneae).10aMarpessa10aMarpessa - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aMenemerus10aMenemerus - (Sim.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aMenemerus falsificus - (Sim.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10amerianoe10aMeta10aMeta - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aMeta merianoe (Araneae).10aMeta muraria - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aMicrommata10aMicrommata - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aMicrommata horrida - (Fab.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aMicryphantes flavo-maculatus10aMicryphantes flavo-maculatus - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aMisumena10aMisumena - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aMonaeses (Araneae): [Gen nov, g. n., p. 182, (= Monastes, Luc.) (See10aMonases (Araneae): [Gen nov].10aMonastes - Luc. (Araneae): [Systematics].10aNemesia10aNemesia - (Say. & Aud.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aNemesia cellicola - (Sav. & Aud.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aNephila10aNephila (Araneae).10aNeriene - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aNesticus10aNesticus (Araneae): [Gen nov].10aNew taxa10aNomenclature10aOcyale10aOcyale (Araneae).10aOcyale (Sav. Aud.)10aOcyale (Sav. Aud.) (Araneae).10aOEcobiidae - Blackw. (Araneae): [Systematics].10aOEcobius - (Luc.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aOlios leucosios - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aOonops10aOonops - (Temp.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aOonops pulcher - (Temp.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aOpiliones10aOpiliones (Arachnida).10aOxyopes10aOxyopes - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aOxyopes by probably belongs to the Mygalidae].10aOxyptila - (Sim.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aPachygnatha10aPachygnatha (Araneae).10aPalpimanus10aPalpimanus (Araneae).10aPalpimanus P. gibbulus - (Duf.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aParthenia, Koch) (See Table, p. 149.) Type, AElurops v-insignitus,10aPeucetia10aPeucetia (Araneae): [Gen nov].10aPh. phaleratum10aPhilaeus (Araneae): [Gen nov10aPhilodromus10aPhilodromus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aPholcomma (Araneae): [Gen nov].10aPholcomma [Zoology / / pp. 77 & 9810aPholcus10aPholcus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aPhrurolithus - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aPhrurolithus Phrurolithus festivus - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aPhyllonethis10aPhyllonethis (Araneae): [Gen nov].10apiochardi, (Sim.), and, Xysticus cuneolus, (Koch)].10aPirata10aPirata - (Sund.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10apiraticus (Cl.) and includes P. uliginosus (Thor.) Dolomedes typically10aPythonissa - Koch (Araneae): [Systematics].10arepresented by A. fimbriatus (Cl.) the type of Ocyale is A. mirabilis10arest of Koch's genus Arctosa Pirata (= Potamia Ohl ) has for its type A.10aRetitelariae10aRetitelariae (Araneae).10aSalticidae10aSalticidae (Araneae).10aSalticus10aSalticus - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aSalticus - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aSalticus brevipes - (Hahn) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aSalticus obscurus - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aSalticus pulchellus - (Hahn) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aSchiodte)].10aScytodoidae10aScytodoidae (Araneae).10aSegestria10aSegestria - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aSelenops10aSelenops - (Duf.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aSinga - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aSparassus10aSparassus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aSparassus argelasii - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aSpermophora10aSpermophora - (Hentz) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aStalita10aStalita - (Schiodte) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aStalita schiaedtii (Araneae).10aStalita schiaedtii [Zoology / / p. 15610aStalita taenaria - (Keys. nec Schiodte) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aSteatoda10aSteatoda - (Sund.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aSystematics10aTable, p. 151.) Type, M. paradoxus, (Luc.), Other species, Thom.10aTapinopa10aTapinopa (Araneae).10aTapinopa (Westr.)10aTapinopa (Westr.) (Araneae).10aTarentula10aTarentula - (Sund.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aTegenaria10aTegenaria - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aTegenaria civilis - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aTerritelariae10aTerritelariae (Arachnida).10aTetragnatha10aTetragnatha - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aTextrix10aTextrix - (Sund.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aTextrix montana - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aTh. congener10aThanatus - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10athe10aTherid. loetum10aTherid. projectum10aTheridiidae10aTheridiidae (Araneae).10aTheridioidae10aTheridioidae (Araneae).10aTheridium10aTheridium - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aTheridium 4-guttatum - (Hahn) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aTheridium acuminatum - (Luc). (Araneae): [Systematics].10aThomisus10aThomisus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aThomisus abbreviatus - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aThomisus diadema - (Hahn) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aThomisus lateralis - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aThomisus scabriculus - (Westr.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aThomisus villosus - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aTitanaeca (Araneae): [Gen nov].10aTitanoeca (Araneae): [Gen nov, g. n., p. 124, Type, Theridium10atorpida, (Koch), incl. also, Textrix montana, (Koch)].10aTrachelas - (L. Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aTrechona10aTrechona - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10atricuspidata, (Fab.), = Thom. diana, (Walck.)].10aTrochosa10aTrochosa - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aTubitelariae10aTubitelariae (Araneae).10atype10atype includes T. intricaria Koch also Lyc. leopardus (Sund.) and the10aType, A. dorsata, (Fab.), Other species, A. globosa, (Fab.), and, A.10aUloborus10aUloborus - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aUloborus latreillii10aUloborus latreillii (Araneae).10aUloborus walckenaerii - (Lat.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aUroctea - (Duf.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10avariegatus (Lat.) The Brazilian genus Idiops (Perty) combined with10aWalckenaera10aWalckenaera - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aWalckenaera acuminata - (Blackw.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aXysticus10aXysticus - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aXysticus audax - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aXysticus cuneolus - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aXysticus depressus - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aXysticus kochii (Araneae): [Sp nov].10aXysticus viaticus - (Koch nec Linn.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aYllenus10aYllenus - (Sim.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aYllenus arenarius - (Sim.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aZilla10aZilla - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aZodarium10aZodarium - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aZora10aZora - (Koch) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aZora lycaena - (Walck.) (Araneae): [Systematics].10aZosis (Araneae).10aZosis [Zoology / / ].1 aThorell, T  u<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR0060000005242167nam a2212577   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      1953                        eng d00aBritish Spiders 20 aBritish Spiders 2  b(Ray Society)c1953  app. viii + 44910a102 figs10a110 fig10a119 figs10a139 fig].10a155 figs].10a189 figs10a199 figs].10a20 figs].10a212 figs10a215 figs10a223 figs].10a225 figs10a23 figs].10a237 figs].10a244 figs].10a246 figs10a251 figs10a253 figs10a258 figs].10a285 figs10a289 figs].10a295 figs].10a298 figs].10a305 figs].10a31 figs].10a313 figs].10a353 figs10a357 figs10a360 figs10a376 figs10a383 figs10aAcartauchenius scurrilis10aAcartauchenius scurrilis (Araneae).10aAgelena labyrinthica10aAgelena labyrinthica (Araneae).10aAgyneta10aAgyneta cauta (Araneae).10aAgyneta cauta [Zoology / / p. 341 figs10aAgyneta conigera10aAgyneta conigera (Araneae).10aAgyneta decora10aAgyneta decora (Araneae).10aAgyneta ramosa10aAgyneta ramosa (Araneae).10aAgyneta subtilis10aAgyneta subtilis (Araneae).10aalsine10aAmaurobius atropos (Araneae).10aAmaurobius atropos [Zoology / / p. 19 figs10aAmaurobius terrestris10aAmaurobius terrestris (Araneae).10aAnacotyle stativa (Araneae).10aAnacotyle stativa [Zoology / / p. 260 figs].10aangulatus10aAntistea elegans (Araneae).10aAntistea elegans [Zoology / / p. 26 figs].10aAraeoncus crassiceps (Araneae).10aAraeoncus crassiceps [Zoology / / p. 298 figs10aAraeoncus humilis10aAraeoncus humilis (Araneae).10aAran].10aAraneae (Arachnida).10aAraneae [Zoology / / Keys to British genera and species of Agelenidae10aAraneus10aAraneus adiantus (Araneae).10aAraneus adiantus [Zoology / / p. 141 figs10aAraneus alpicus10aAraneus alpicus (Araneae).10aAraneus alsine10aAraneus alsine (Araneae).10aAraneus angulatus10aAraneus angulatus (Araneae).10aAraneus bituberculatus10aAraneus bituberculatus (Araneae).10aAraneus ceropegius10aAraneus ceropegius (Araneae).10aAraneus cornutus10aAraneus cornutus (Araneae).10aAraneus cucur bitinus10aAraneus cucur bitinus (Araneae).10aAraneus cucurbitinus var.10aAraneus cucurbitinus var. opistographus10aAraneus cucurbitinus var. opistographus (Araneae).10aAraneus diadematus10aAraneus diadematus (Araneae).10aAraneus displicatus var. westringi10aAraneus displicatus var. westringi (Araneae).10aAraneus gibbosus10aAraneus gibbosus (Araneae).10aAraneus inconspicuus10aAraneus inconspicuus (Araneae).10aAraneus marmoreus10aAraneus marmoreus (Araneae).10aAraneus marmoreus var. pyramidatus10aAraneus marmoreus var. pyramidatus (Araneae).10aAraneus patagiatus10aAraneus patagiatus (Araneae).10aAraneus quadratus10aAraneus quadratus (Araneae).10aAraneus redii10aAraneus redii (Araneae).10aAraneus sclopetarius10aAraneus sclopetarius (Araneae).10aAraneus sturmi10aAraneus sturmi (Araneae).10aAraneus triguttatus10aAraneus triguttatus (Araneae).10aAraneus umbraticus10aAraneus umbraticus (Araneae).10aArgiope bruennichi (Araneae).10aArgiope bruennichi [Zoology / / 168 fig].10aArgiopidae and10aArgyroneta aquatica (Araneae).10aArgyroneta aquatica [Zoology / / p. 6 figs].10aArthropoda (Animalia).10aArthropoda [Zoology / / Arachnida10aAsagena phalerata (Araneae).10aAsagena phalerata [Zoology / / p. 54 fig].10aAsthenargus paganus (Araneae).10aAsthenargus paganus [Zoology / / p. 301 figs].10aAulacocyba subitanea (Araneae).10aAulacocyba subitanea [Zoology / / p. 270 figs].10aBaryphyma pratensis (Araneae).10aBaryphyma pratensis [Zoology / / p. 229 figs].10aBathyphantes10aBathyphantes approximatus (Araneae).10aBathyphantes approximatus [Zoology / / p. 366 figs10aBathyphantes concolor10aBathyphantes concolor (Araneae).10aBathyphantes dorsalis10aBathyphantes dorsalis (Araneae).10aBathyphantes gracilis10aBathyphantes gracilis (Araneae).10aBathyphantes nigrinus10aBathyphantes nigrinus (Araneae).10aBathyphantes parvulus (Araneae).10aBathyphantes pullatus10aBathyphantes pullatus (Araneae).10aBathyphantes setiger10aBathyphantes setiger (Araneae).10aBiology10ablackwlli10aBolyphantes10aBolyphantes alticeps (Araneae).10aBolyphantes alticeps [Zoology / / p. 378 figs10aBolyphantes luteolus10aBolyphantes luteolus (Araneae).10aBolyphantes luteolus sub nigripes10aBolyphantes luteolus sub nigripes (Araneae).10aCaledonia evansi (Araneae).10aCaledonia evansi [Zoology / / p. 303 figs].10aCambridgeshire p. 419 figs.].10acarri10aCentromerita bicolor (Araneae).10aCentromerita bicolor [Zoology / / p. 357 figs10aCentromerita concinna10aCentromerita concinna (Araneae).10aCentromerus arcanus (Araneae).10aCentromerus arcanus [Zoology / / p. 351 figs10aCentromerus dilutus10aCentromerus dilutus (Araneae).10aCentromerus expertus10aCentromerus expertus (Araneae).10aCentromerus incilium10aCentromerus incilium (Araneae).10aCentromerus incultus10aCentromerus incultus (Araneae).10aCentromerus jacksoni10aCentromerus jacksoni (Araneae).10aCentromerus laevitarsis10aCentromerus laevitarsis (Araneae).10aCentromerus persimilis10aCentromerus persimilis (Araneae).10aCentromerus prudens10aCentromerus prudens (Araneae).10aCentromerus subacutus10aCentromerus subacutus (Araneae).10aCentromerus sylvaticus10aCentromerus sylvaticus (Araneae).10aCeratinella brevipes (Araneae).10aCeratinella brevipes [Zoology / / p. 188 figs10aCeratinella brevis10aCeratinella brevis (Araneae).10aCeratinella scabrosa10aCeratinella scabrosa (Araneae).10aCicurina cicur (Araneae).10aCicurina cicur [Zoology / / p. 21 figs].10aClubiona rosserae (Araneae): [Sp nov, [female]+[male] Chippenham Fen,10aCnephalocotes obscurus (Araneae).10aCnephalocotes obscurus [Zoology / / p. 25510aCollinsia distincta (Araneae).10aCollinsia distincta [Zoology / / p. 305 figs10aCollinsia holm greni10aCollinsia holm greni (Araneae).10aconcolor10aCornicularia10aCornicularia cuspidata (Araneae).10aCornicularia cuspidata [Zoology / / p. 207 figs10aCornicularia karpinskii10aCornicularia karpinskii (Araneae).10aCornicularia kochi10aCornicularia kochi (Araneae).10aCornicularia unicornis10aCornicularia unicornis (Araneae).10aCornicularia vigilax10aCornicularia vigilax (Araneae).10acristatus10aCrustulina guttata (Araneae).10aCrustulina guttata [Zoology / / p. 51 figs10aCryphoeca silvicola (Araneae).10aCryphoeca silvicola [Zoology / / p. 22 figs].10aCyclosa conica10aCyclosa conica (Araneae).10aDicymbium libiale10aDicymbium libiale (Araneae).10aDicymbium nigrum (Araneae).10aDicymbium nigrum [Zoology / / p. 209 figs10aDiplocentria bidentata10aDiplocentria bidentata (Araneae).10aDiplocephalus10aDiplocephalus adjacens (Araneae).10aDiplocephalus adjacens [Zoology / / p. 294 figs10aDiplocephalus cristatus10aDiplocephalus cristatus (Araneae).10aDiplocephalus jacksoni10aDiplocephalus jacksoni (Araneae).10aDiplocephalus latifrons10aDiplocephalus latifrons (Araneae).10aDiplocephalus permixtus10aDiplocephalus permixtus (Araneae).10aDiplocephalus picinus10aDiplocephalus picinus (Araneae).10aDiplocephalus protuberant10aDiplocephalus protuberant (Araneae).10aDipoena coracina (Araneae).10aDipoena coracina [Zoology / / p. 48 figs10aDipoena erythropus10aDipoena erythropus (Araneae).10aDipoena inornata10aDipoena inornata (Araneae).10aDipoena melanogaster10aDipoena melanogaster (Araneae).10aDipoena prona10aDipoena prona (Araneae).10aDipoena torva10aDipoena torva (Araneae).10aDipoena trislis10aDipoena trislis (Araneae).10aDismodicus bifrons (Araneae).10aDismodicus bifrons [Zoology / / p. 221 figs10aDismodicus elevatus10aDismodicus elevatus (Araneae).10aDonacochara speciosa (Araneae).10aDonacochara speciosa [Zoology / / p. 318 figs].10adorsalis10aDrapetisca socialis (Araneae).10aDrapetisca socialis [Zoology / / p. 371 figs].10aDrassodes sorenseni (Araneae).10aDrassodes sorenseni [Zoology / / p. 406 fig].10aDrepanotylus uncatus10aDrepanotylus uncatus (Araneae).10aEboria caliginosa (Araneae).10aEboria caliginosa [Zoology / / p. 317 figs10aEboria fausta10aEboria fausta (Araneae).10aEnoplognatha10aEnoplognatha mandibularis (Araneae).10aEnoplognatha mandibularis [Zoology / / p. 85 figs10aEnoplognatha schaufussi10aEnoplognatha schaufussi (Araneae).10aEnoplognatha thoracica10aEnoplognatha thoracica (Araneae).10aEntelecara acuminata (Araneae).10aEntelecara acuminata [Zoology / / p. 212 figs10aEntelecara errata10aEntelecara errata (Araneae).10aEntelecara erythropus10aEntelecara erythropus (Araneae).10aEntelecara flavipes10aEntelecara flavipes (Araneae).10aEntelecara omissa10aEntelecara omissa (Araneae).10aEothorax agrestis (Araneae).10aEothorax agrestis [Zoology / / p. 241 figs10aEothorax apicatus10aEothorax fuscus10aEothorax gibbosus10aEothorax retusus10aEothorax tuberosus10aEpisinus angulatus (Araneae).10aEpisinus angulatus [Zoology / / p. 41 figs10aEpisinus truncalus10aEpisinus truncalus (Araneae).10aericatus10aErigona10aErigona arctica (Araneae).10aErigona arctica [Zoology / / p. 311 figs10aErigona atra10aErigona capra10aErigona dentipalpis10aErigona promiscua10aErigona vagans10aErigona welchi10aErigonella hiemalis (Araneae).10aErigonella hiemalis [Zoology / / p. 288 figs10aErigonella ignobilis10aErigonella ignobilis (Araneae).10aErigonidium graminicola10aErigonidium graminicola (Araneae).10aEro10aEro cambridgei (Araneae).10aEro cambridgei [Zoology / / p. 32 figs10aEro furcata10aEro furcata (Araneae).10aEro tuberculata10aEro tuberculata (Araneae).10aEuophrys molesta10aEuophrys molesta (Araneae).10aEuryopis flavomaculata (Araneae).10aEuryopis flavomaculata [Zoology / / p. 44 fig].10aEvansia merens (Araneae).10aEvansia merens [Zoology / / p. 261 figs].10afig10afig].10afigs10afigs].10aflavipes10aFloronia bucculenta (Araneae).10aFloronia bucculenta [Zoology / / p. 373 figs].10afugax10afurcata10afuscipes10aG. serratus10aG. sticta10aGeneral Literature10agibbosus10aGlyphesis cottonae (Araneae).10aGlyphesis cottonae [Zoology / / p. 287 figs].10aGnathonarium dentatum (Araneae).10aGnathonarium dentatum [Zoology / / p. 21710aGonatium rubellum (Araneae).10aGonatium rubellum [Zoology / / p. 231 figs10aGonatium rubens10aGonatium rubens (Araneae).10aGongylidiellum10aGongylidiellum latebricola (Araneae).10aGongylidiellum latebricola [Zoology / / p. 281 figs10aGongylidiellum murcidum10aGongylidiellum murcidum (Araneae).10aGongylidiellum vivum10aGongylidiellum vivum (Araneae).10aGongylidium rufipes (Araneae).10aGongylidium rufipes [Zoology / / p. 221 figs].10agracilis10aHahnia Candida (Araneae).10aHahnia Candida [Zoology / / p. 29 figs10aHahnia helveola10aHahnia montana10aHahnia nava10aHahnia pusilla10aHalorates reprobus (Araneae).10aHalorates reprobus [Zoology / / p. 325 figs].10aHelophora insignis (Araneae).10aHelophora insignis [Zoology / / p. 395 figs].10aHilaira10aHilaira excisa (Araneae).10aHilaira excisa [Zoology / / p. 321 figs10aHilaira frigida10aHilaira frigida (Araneae).10aHilaira nubigena10aHilaira nubigena (Araneae).10aHilaira pervicax10aHilaira pervicax (Araneae).10aHillhousia misera (Araneae).10aHillhousia misera [Zoology / / p. 327 figs].10aHybocoplus decollatus10aHybocoplus decollatus (Araneae).10aHypomma biluberculatum (Araneae).10aHypomma biluberculatum [Zoology / / p. 223 figs10aHypomma cornutum10aHypomma cornutum (Araneae).10aHypomma fulvum10aHypomma fulvum (Araneae).10aHypselisles florens (Araneae).10aHypselisles florens [Zoology / / p. 237 figs10aHypselisles jacksoni10aimpressum10aInsecta10aJacksonella falconeri (Araneae).10aJacksonella falconeri [Zoology / / p. 280 figs].10akarpinskii10aLabulla thoracica10aLabulla thoracica (Araneae).10aLand zones10alatifrons10aLepthyphantes10aLepthyphantes alacris (Araneae).10aLepthyphantes alacris [Zoology / / p. 383 figs10aLepthyphantes angulatus10aLepthyphantes angulatus (Araneae).10aLepthyphantes audax10aLepthyphantes audax (Araneae).10aLepthyphantes carri10aLepthyphantes carri (Araneae).10aLepthyphantes cristatus10aLepthyphantes cristatus (Araneae).10aLepthyphantes ericatus10aLepthyphantes ericatus (Araneae).10aLepthyphantes expunctatus10aLepthyphantes expunctatus (Araneae).10aLepthyphantes flavipes10aLepthyphantes flavipes (Araneae).10aLepthyphantes insignis10aLepthyphantes insignis (Araneae).10aLepthyphantes leprosus10aLepthyphantes leprosus (Araneae).10aLepthyphantes mengei10aLepthyphantes mengei (Araneae).10aLepthyphantes minutus10aLepthyphantes minutus (Araneae).10aLepthyphantes nebulosus10aLepthyphantes nebulosus (Araneae).10aLepthyphantes obscurus10aLepthyphantes obscurus (Araneae).10aLepthyphantes pallidus10aLepthyphantes pallidus (Araneae).10aLepthyphantes pinicola10aLepthyphantes pinicola (Araneae).10aLepthyphantes tenebricola (Araneae).10aLepthyphantes tennis10aLepthyphantes tennis (Araneae).10aLepthyphantes whymperi10aLepthyphantes whymperi (Araneae).10aLepthyphantes zimmermanni10aLepthyphantes zimmermanni (Araneae).10aLeptorhoptrum robustum (Araneae).10aLeptorhoptrum robustum [Zoology / / p. 320 figs].10aLessertia dentichelis10aLessertia dentichelis (Araneae).10aLinyphia10aLinyphia clathrala (Araneae).10aLinyphia clathrala [Zoology / / p. 399 figs10aLinyphia furtiva10aLinyphia furtiva (Araneae).10aLinyphia horlensis10aLinyphia horlensis (Araneae).10aLinyphia impigra10aLinyphia impigra (Araneae).10aLinyphia marginata10aLinyphia marginata (Araneae).10aLinyphia montana10aLinyphia montana (Araneae).10aLinyphia peltata10aLinyphia peltata (Araneae).10aLinyphia pusilla10aLinyphia pusilla (Araneae).10aLinyphia triangularis10aLinyphia triangularis (Araneae).10aLinyphiidae10aLithyphantes albomaculatus (Araneae).10aLithyphantes albomaculatus [Zoology / / p. 55 fig].10alividus10alongipalpis10aLophocarenum10aLophocarenum elongatum (Araneae).10aLophocarenum elongatum [Zoology / / p. 247 fig10aLophocarenum nemorale10aLophocarenum nemorale (Araneae).10aLophocarenum parallelump10aLophocarenum parallelump (Araneae).10aLophocarenum radicicola10aLophocarenum radicicola (Araneae).10aLophocarenum stramineum10aLophocarenum stramineum (Araneae).10aLophomma punctatum (Araneae).10aLophomma punctatum [Zoology / / p. 277 figs].10aluteolus10aLycosa paludicola (Araneae).10aLycosa paludicola [Zoology / / p. 415 fig].10aMacrargus10aMacrargus rufus (Araneae).10aMacrargus rufus [Zoology / / p. 363 figs10aMacrargus rufus carpenteri10aMacrargus rufus carpenteri (Araneae).10amacrophthalmus10aMangora acalypha (Araneae).10aMangora acalypha [Zoology / / p. 166 fig].10amarmoreus10amarmoreus var. pyramidatus10aMaro minutus (Araneae).10aMaro minutus [Zoology / / p. 348 figs10aMaro sublestus10aMaro sublestus (Araneae).10aMaso gallica (Araneae).10aMaso gallica [Zoology / / p. 233 figs10aMaso sundevalli10aMaso sundevalli (Araneae).10aMecopisthes pusillus (Araneae).10aMecopisthes pusillus [Zoology / / p. 253 figs].10aMeioneta10aMeioneta beata (Araneae).10aMeioneta beata [Zoology / / p. 345 figs10aMeioneta gulosa10aMeioneta gulosa (Araneae).10aMeioneta mollis10aMeioneta mollis (Araneae).10aMeioneta nigripes10aMeioneta nigripes (Araneae).10aMeioneta rurestris10aMeioneta rurestris (Araneae).10aMeioneta saxatilis10aMeioneta saxatilis (Araneae).10amelanocephala10aMengea scopigera (Araneae).10aMengea scopigera [Zoology / / p. 403 figs10aMengea warburkmi10amengei10amerianae10aMeta10aMeta bourneti (Araneae).10aMeta bourneti [Zoology / / p. 119 figs10aMeta menardig10aMeta menardig (Araneae).10aMeta merianae10aMeta merianae (Araneae).10aMeta segmenlata10aMeta segmenlata mengei10aMeta segmenlata mengei (Araneae).10aMeta segmentata10aMeta segmentata (Araneae).10aMetapobaclrus prominulus (Araneae).10aMetapobaclrus prominulus [Zoology / / p. 22710aMicaria silesiaca (Araneae).10aMicaria silesiaca [Zoology / / p. 409 fig10aMicaria subopaca10aMicraryus herbigradus (Araneae).10aMicraryus herbigradus [Zoology / / p. 283 figs10aMicraryus laudatus10aMicraryus subaequalis10aMicronda viaria (Araneae).10aMicronda viaria [Zoology / / p. 347 figs].10aMimetidae10aMinyrioloides trifrons (Araneae).10aMinyrioloides trifrons [Zoology / / p. 231 figs].10aMinyriolus pusillus (Araneae).10aMinyriolus pusillus [Zoology / / p. 266 figs].10aMioxena blanda (Araneae).10aMioxena blanda [Zoology / / p. 278 figs].10aMoebelia penicillata (Araneae).10aMoebelia penicillata [Zoology / / p. 215 figs].10aMonocephalus10aMonocephalus castaneipes (Araneae).10aMonocephalus castaneipes [Zoology / / p. 275 figs10aMonocephalus fuscipes10aMonocephalus fuscipes (Araneae).10amurcidum10aNesticidae10aNesticus cellulanus (Araneae).10aNesticus cellulanus [Zoology / / p. 92 fig].10aNew taxa10aNomenclature10aNotioscopus sarcinatus (Araneae).10aNotioscopus sarcinatus [Zoology / / p. 285 figs].10aobscurus10aOercidia prominens (Araneae).10aOercidia prominens [Zoology / / p. 159 fig].10aopistographus10aOreonetides10aOreonetides abnormis (Araneae).10aOreonetides abnormis [Zoology / / p. 360 figs10aOreonetides firmus10aOreonetides firmus (Araneae).10aOreonetides vaginatus10aOreonetides vaginatus (Araneae).10aOstearius melanopygius (Araneae).10aOstearius melanopygius [Zoology / / p. 326 figs].10ap. 1010ap. 102 figs].10aP. 10410ap. 104 figs10ap. 11 figs10ap. 110 figs].10ap. 115 figs10ap. 117 figs10ap. 117 figs].10ap. 123 figs10ap. 124 figs10ap. 127 figs10ap. 130 figs10ap. 132 figs10ap. 133 figs10ap. 134 figs10ap. 136 figs10ap. 138 figs10ap. 139 figs10ap. 141 figs10ap. 143 figs10ap. 144 figs10ap. 145 fig10ap. 146 figs10ap. 14910ap. 149 figs10ap. 15 figs10ap. 155 figs10ap. 157 figs10ap. 159 figs].10ap. 16 figs10ap. 16 figs].10ap. 16310ap. 190 figs].10ap. 195 figs10ap. 196 figs10ap. 197 figs10ap. 197 figs].10ap. 201 fig10ap. 201 figs].10ap. 204 figs10ap. 206 figs10ap. 207 figs10ap. 207 figs].10ap. 20910ap. 212 figs10ap. 213 figs].10ap. 225 figs].10ap. 22910ap. 232 figs].10ap. 239 figs10ap. 239 figs].10ap. 240 figs10ap. 24110ap. 241 figs10ap. 247 figs10ap. 247 figs].10ap. 250 figs10ap. 252 figs].10ap. 261 figs].10ap. 264 figs].10ap. 266 figs].10ap. 26710ap. 268 figs10ap. 271 figs].10ap. 273 figs].10ap. 28 figs10ap. 281 figs].10ap. 283 figs10ap. 283 figs].10ap. 291 figs10ap. 29310ap. 293 figs10ap. 295 fig10ap. 295 figs10ap. 30 figs10ap. 309 figs10ap. 31 figs10ap. 310 figs10ap. 311 figs10ap. 313 figs10ap. 31710ap. 323 figs10ap. 325 figs].10ap. 329 figs10ap. 33010ap. 332 figs10ap. 332 figs].10ap. 333 figs10ap. 334 figs10ap. 335 figs10ap. 339 figs10ap. 339 figs].10ap. 34 figs10ap. 341 figs10ap. 343 figs10ap. 345 figs10ap. 345 figs].10ap. 346 fig10ap. 349 figs].10ap. 35 figs].10ap. 351 figs10ap. 353 figs10ap. 355 fig10ap. 355 figs10ap. 357 figs10ap. 358 figs].10ap. 360 figs].10ap. 363 figs10ap. 363 figs].10ap. 364 figs10ap. 366 figs10ap. 368 figs10ap. 369 figs].10ap. 377].10ap. 381 figs10ap. 382 figs10ap. 383 figs10ap. 384 figs10ap. 385 figs10ap. 38610ap. 386 figs10ap. 38810ap. 388 figs10ap. 391 figs10ap. 39210ap. 392 figs10ap. 394 figs10ap. 397 figs10ap. 397 figs].10ap. 399 figs10ap. 400 figs10ap. 401 figs10ap. 40210ap. 403 figs10ap. 40410ap. 41010ap. 4410ap. 4610ap. 46 figs10ap. 47 figs10ap. 48 figs].10ap. 50 figs10ap. 51 figs10ap. 53 figs].10ap. 59 figs].10ap. 61 figs10ap. 62 figs10ap. 6310ap. 63 figs10ap. 66 figs10ap. 67 figs10ap. 6810ap. 68 figs10ap. 70 figs10ap. 71 figs10ap. 7210ap. 7310ap. 75 figs10ap. 7610ap. 77 figs10ap. 7910ap. 80 figs10ap. 81 figs10ap. 83 figs10ap. 83 figs].10ap. 86 figs10ap. 87 figs10ap. 8910ap. 89 fig].10aPachygnatha clercki (Araneae).10aPachygnatha clercki [Zoology / / p. 106 figs10aPachygnatha degeeri10aPachygnatha listen10apagana10apallens10aPanamomops sulcifrons (Araneae).10aPanamomops sulcifrons [Zoology / / p. 300 figs].10aparallelump10aparasilicus10aparvulus10apeltata10aPeponocranium ludicrum (Araneae).10aPeponocranium ludicrum [Zoology / / p. 234 figs].10aPerimones britteni (Araneae).10aPerimones britteni [Zoology / / p. 271 figs].10apervicax10aPhaulothrix hardyi (Araneae).10aPhaulothrix hardyi [Zoology / / p. 321 figs].10aPholcomma gibbum (Araneae).10aPholcomma gibbum [Zoology / / p. 89 fig].10aPirata uliginosus (Araneae).10aPirata uliginosus [Zoology / / p. 416 fig].10aPocadicnemis pumila (Araneae).10aPocadicnemis pumila [Zoology / / p. 235 figs].10aPoeciloneta globosa (Araneae).10aPoeciloneta globosa [Zoology / / p. 369 figs].10aPorrhomma campbeli (Araneae).10aPorrhomma campbeli [Zoology / / p. 333 figs10aPorrhomma convexum10aPorrhomma convexum (Araneae).10aPorrhomma egeria10aPorrhomma egeria (Araneae).10aPorrhomma errans10aPorrhomma errans (Araneae).10aPorrhomma microphthalmum10aPorrhomma microphthalmum (Araneae).10aPorrhomma montanum10aPorrhomma montanum (Araneae).10aPorrhomma oblitum10aPorrhomma oblitum (Araneae).10aPorrhomma pallidum10aPorrhomma pallidum (Araneae).10aPorrhomma pygmaeum10aPorrhomma pygmaeum (Araneae).10aPorrhomma rosenliaueri10aPorrhomma rosenliaueri (Araneae).10aProsopotheca corniculans (Araneae).10aProsopotheca corniculans [Zoology / / p. 201 figs10aProsopotheca incisa10aProsopotheca incisa (Araneae).10aProsopotheca monoceros10aProsopotheca monoceros (Araneae).10aprotuberant10apusilla10aradicicola10aredii10aRhaebothorax morulus (Araneae).10aRhaebothorax morulus [Zoology / / p. 315 figs].10aRobertus10aRobertus arundineti (Araneae).10aRobertus arundineti [Zoology / / p. 87 figs10aRobertus insignia10aRobertus insignia (Araneae).10aRobertus lividus10aRobertus lividus (Araneae).10aRobertus negleclus10aRobertus negleclus (Araneae).10aRobertus scoticus10aRobertus scoticus (Araneae).10arufus carpenteri10arurestris10aSaloca diceros (Araneae).10aSaloca diceros [Zoology / / p. 279 figs].10aSavignia frontata (Araneae).10aSavignia frontata [Zoology / / p. 289 figs].10asaxatile10asaxatilis10aschaufussi10aScotargus inerrans (Araneae).10aScotargus inerrans [Zoology / / p. 307 figs].10aScotina palliardi (Araneae).10aScotina palliardi [Zoology / / p. 410 figs].10asegmentata10asetiger10aSilometopus ambiguus (Araneae).10aSilometopus ambiguus [Zoology / / p. 251 figs10aSilometopus curtus10aSilometopus curtus (Araneae).10aSilometopus elegans10aSilometopus elegans (Araneae).10aSilometopus incurvatus10aSilometopus incurvatus (Araneae).10aSilometopus interjectus10aSilometopus interjectus (Araneae).10asilvestris10aSinga albovittata (Araneae).10aSinga albovittata [Zoology / / p. 154 figs10aSinga hamata10aSinga hamata (Araneae).10aSinga heri10aSinga heri (Araneae).10aSinga pygmaea10aSinga pygmaea (Araneae).10aSinga sanguinea10aSinga sanguinea (Araneae).10aSiniula cornigera (Araneae).10aSiniula cornigera [Zoology / / p. 359 figs].10aSpiders] [Palaearctic region / / Great Britain10aSteatoda bipunctata (Araneae).10aSteatoda bipunctata [Zoology / / p. 56 fig].10aStemonyphantes lineatus (Araneae).10aStemonyphantes lineatus [Zoology / / p. 376 figs].10astroemi10aStyloctetor romanus (Araneae).10aStyloctetor romanus [Zoology / / p. 258 figs].10asubtilis10aSyedra gracilis10aSyedra gracilis (Araneae).10aSyedrula innotabilis (Araneae).10aSyedrula innotabilis [Zoology / / p. 337 figs].10aSystematics10aTapinocyba10aTapinocyba antepcnultima (Araneae).10aTapinocyba antepcnultima [Zoology / / p. 268 figs10aTapinocyba insecta10aTapinocyba insecta (Araneae).10aTapinocyba milis10aTapinocyba milis (Araneae).10aTapinocyba pallens10aTapinocyba pallens (Araneae).10aTapinocyba praecox10aTapinocyba praecox (Araneae).10aTapinopa longidens (Araneae).10aTapinopa longidens [Zoology / / p. 372 figs].10aTaranucnus setosus (Araneae).10aTaranucnus setosus [Zoology / / p. 375 figs].10aTegenaria10aTegenaria agreslis (Araneae).10aTegenaria agreslis [Zoology / / p. 13 figs10aTegenaria atrica10aTegenaria atrica (Araneae).10aTegenaria domestica10aTegenaria domestica (Araneae).10aTegenaria larva10aTegenaria larva (Araneae).10aTegenaria pagana10aTegenaria pagana (Araneae).10aTegenaria parietina10aTegenaria parietina (Araneae).10aTegenaria silvestris10aTegenaria silvestris (Araneae).10atenebricola10aTetragnatha extensa (Araneae).10aTetragnatha extensa [Zoology / / p. 100 figs10aTetragnatha monlana10aTetragnatha monlana (Araneae).10aTetragnatha nigrita10aTetragnatha nigrita (Araneae).10aTetragnatha obtusa10aTetragnatha obtusa (Araneae).10aTetragnatha pinicola10aTetragnatha pinicola (Araneae).10aTetragnathidae10aTetrilus10aTetrilus arietinus (Araneae).10aTetrilus arietinus [Zoology / / p. 24 fig10aTetrilus macrophthalmus10aTetrilus macrophthalmus (Araneae).10aTeutana grossa (Araneae).10aTeutana grossa [Zoology / / p. 58 fig].10aTexlrix denticulaki (Araneae).10aTexlrix denticulaki [Zoology / / p. 7 figs].10aText-books10aThanatus striatus (Araneae).10aThanatus striatus [Zoology / / p. 414 figs].10aThenoe minutissima (Araneae).10aThenoe minutissima [Zoology / / p. 90 fig].10aTheridiidae10aTheridion10aTheridion aulicum (Araneae).10aTheridion aulicum [Zoology / / p. 61 fig10aTheridion bellicosum10aTheridion bellicosum (Araneae).10aTheridion bimaculatum10aTheridion bimaculatum (Araneae).10aTheridion blackwlli10aTheridion blackwlli (Araneae).10aTheridion denticulatum10aTheridion denticulatum (Araneae).10aTheridion familiure10aTheridion familiure (Araneae).10aTheridion impressum10aTheridion impressum (Araneae).10aTheridion instabile10aTheridion instabile (Araneae).10aTheridion lunatum10aTheridion lunatum (Araneae).10aTheridion ovatum10aTheridion ovatum (Araneae).10aTheridion pallens10aTheridion pallens (Araneae).10aTheridion pictum10aTheridion pictum (Araneae).10aTheridion pulchellum10aTheridion pulchellum (Araneae).10aTheridion saxatile10aTheridion saxatile (Araneae).10aTheridion simile10aTheridion simile (Araneae).10aTheridion sisyphium10aTheridion sisyphium (Araneae).10aTheridion tepidariorum10aTheridion tepidariorum (Araneae).10aTheridion tinctum10aTheridion tinctum (Araneae).10aTheridion varians10aTheridion varians (Araneae).10aTheridion vittatum10aTheridion vittatum (Araneae).10aTheridiosoma gemmosum (Araneae).10aTheridiosoma gemmosum [Zoology / / p. 170 figs].10aThyreosthenins10aThyreosthenins biovatus (Araneae).10aThyreosthenins biovatus [Zoology / / p. 273 figs10aTigellinus furcillalus (Araneae).10aTigellinus furcillalus [Zoology / / p. 204 figs].10atirolensis10aTiso aestivus (Araneae).10aTiso aestivus [Zoology / / p. 264 figs10aTiso vagans10aTiso vagans (Araneae).10aTmeticus affinis (Araneae).10aTmeticus affinis [Zoology / / p. 219 figs].10aTrachynella nudipalpis (Araneae).10aTrachynella nudipalpis [Zoology / / p. 199 figs10aTrachynella obtusa10aTrachynella obtusa (Araneae).10atriangularis10aTrichoncus affinis (Araneae).10aTrichoncus affinis [Zoology / / p. 258 figs10aTrichoncus saxicola10aTrichoncus saxicola (Araneae).10aTrichopterna mengei (Araneae).10aTrichopterna mengei [Zoology / / p. 245 figs10aTrichopterna thorelli10aTrichopterna thorelli (Araneae).10atriguttatus10aTroxochrus cirrifrons (Araneae).10aTroxochrus cirrifrons [Zoology / / p. 264 fig10aTroxochrus scabricvius10aTroxochrus scabricvius (Araneae).10atuberculata10aTuberia moerens (Araneae).10aTuberia moerens [Zoology / / p. 25 figs].10aTyphocrestus digitalus (Araneae).10aTyphocrestus digitalus [Zoology / / p. 304 figs].10aunicornis10avaginatus10aWalckenaera acuminata (Araneae).10aWalckenaera acuminata [Zoology / / p. 191 figs].10aWideria10aWideria antica (Araneae).10aWideria antica [Zoology / / p. 194 figs10aWideria capito10aWideria capito (Araneae).10aWideria cucullata10aWideria cucullata (Araneae).10aWideria fugax10aWideria fugax (Araneae).10aWideria melanocephala10aWideria melanocephala (Araneae).10aWideria nodosa10aWideria nodosa (Araneae).10aWideria polita10aWideria polita (Araneae).10awith check list of British species].10aXysticus acerbus (Araneae).10aXysticus acerbus [Zoology / / p. 413 fig].10aZelotes petrensis (Araneae).10aZelotes petrensis [Zoology / / p. 409 fig].10aZilla diodia (Araneae).10aZilla diodia [Zoology / / p. 151 fig].10azimmermanni10aZygiella10aZygiella atrica (Araneae).10aZygiella atrica [Zoology / / p. 163 figs10aZygiella stroemi10aZygiella stroemi (Araneae).10aZygiella x-notata10aZygiella xnotata (Araneae).10aZygiella xnotata [Zoology / / ].1 aLocket, G H1 aMillidge, A F  u<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR0900000108114148nas a2204381   4500008004100000245002900041210002900070260000900099300001600108490000900124520008800133653000800221653000800229653002800237653000800265653000800273653007000281653007600351653005100427653002300478653002700501653007100528653000800599653001300607653001400620653002200634653003300656653002700689653003800716653003500754653004400789653002100833653003200854653001400886653001600900653001900916653001200935653001100947653001500958653001100973653003600984653006401020653001501084653006401099653007601163653004701239653001201286653001401298653001001312653001201322653001801334653002901352653004001381653003501421653004401456653002901500653004001529653001301569653001501582653001701597653001301614653007601627653006201703653007101765653005001836653007501886653002601961653001001987653001801997653002902015653007502044653002902119653001802148653002902166653007202195653002102267653001302288653001102301653002002312653003102332653002602363653003702389653007302426653003402499653004302533653001902576653003002595653002102625653003202646653001702678653002802695653002102723653003202744653003502776653004102811653001402852653003402866653000902900653001202909653001302921653001202934653001302946653001302959653001302972653001302985653001302998653001303011653001303024653001203037653001303049653001303062653001303075653001203088653001303100653001303113653001303126653001203139653001203151653001203163653001203175653001203187653001203199653001203211653001203223653001203235653001103247653001103258653001103269653001203280653001203292653001203304653001203316653001103328653001203339653001203351653001203363653001203375653001203387653001203399653001203411653001203423653001203435653001203447653007003459653001203529653000903541653001203550653001403562653004703576653001503623653001003638653004303648653007603691653007603767653004703843653004803890653001303938653006203951653001204013653006904025653001304094653001804107653001404125653001404139653001704153653001204170653000904182653003304191653003304224653004204257653001404299653001404313653002104327653001504348653003704363653001104400653001604411653002604427653001304453653000804466653001704474653005804491653001704549653007204566653001304638653002304651653003404674653003504708653004304743653001104786653001104797653001104808653001104819653001104830653001104841653001104852653001104863653001104874653001104885653001104896653001104907653001104918653001104929653001104940653001104951653001104962653001104973653002104984653001105005653001105016653001105027653001105038653001105049653001105060653001105071653001105082653001105093653001105104653001105115653001105126653001305137653007205150653001105222653001105233653001105244653001105255653001105266653001105277653001105288653001105299653001105310653001105321653001105332653001105343653001005354653001205364653000905376653006805385653001105453653001105464653000905475653001405484653001605498653002505514653006005539653002305599653003405622653002605656653003705682653002705719653003805746653002705784653003805811653003605849653003805885653004705923653002205970653005705992653002506049653003606074653002806110653003906138653002506177653005906202653007406261653002006335653003706355653001306392653003406405653002806439653003906467653007006506653004606576653007306622653001006695653003206705653004106737653002606778653003706804653001006841653001606851653007206867653001206939653001406951653002106965653007606986653001207062653001607074653003107090653000907121653001707130653007607147653003607223653007607259653001307335653002607348653003707374653002607411653003707437653003607474653004507510653003407555653002407589653003507613653007407648653001607722653007107738653002507809653003607834653003607870653004507906653003707951653002407988653005608012653001008068653007108078653005708149653007308206653005908279653006708338653001108405653002508416653002408441653003508465653002008500653005408520653002108574653003208595653002208627653003308649653002008682653003108702653001908733653005308752653002108805653003208826653002108858653003208879653002108911653003208932653002508964653003608989653002609025653003709051653002509088653003609113653003309149653004209182653001909224653003009243653001909273653003009292653003509322653001209357653007709369653004209446653003609488653000909524653002309533653003509556653002109591653004209612653001009654653000909664653002109673100003109694856004109725       1880                        eng d00aNeue Spinnen aus Amerika0 aNeue Spinnen aus Amerika  c1880  app. 293-3490 vxxix3 a36 species of various families and genera are described (3 genera and 30 spp. new).10a11110a12110a130, Brazil, [Sp nov]].10a14010a32610a72, and, Acanthonotus peruvianus, sp. n., p. 134, fig. 73, Peru].10aAcanthonotus guianensis - Tacz. (Opiliones): [Systematics, p. 132, fig.10aAcanthonotus peruvianus (Opiliones): [Sp nov].10aAct. Soc. L. Bord.10aAgelenidae) Colombia].10aAgroeca aureo-plumata (Araneae): [Sp nov, sp. n., p. 321, (in Fam.10aand10aand Peru10aAnyphaena10aAnyphaena furcata10aAnyphaena furcata (Araneae).10aAnyphaena mandibularis10aAnyphaena mandibularis (Araneae).10aAnyphaena mollicoma (Araneae).10aAnyphaena mollicoma [Zoology / / p. 32310aAnyphaena pilosa10aAnyphaena pilosa (Araneae).10aBaltimore10aBaltimore].10abaltimoriensis10aBiology10aBoston10aBoston and10aBrazil10aBrazil and Colombia, spp. nn.].10aBrazil, Selenops mexicanus, p. 228, fig. 125, and, Selenops10aCalifornia10aCaloctenus major (Araneae): [Sp nov, sp. n., p. 337, Peru].10aCastianeira (Araneae): [Gen nov, g. n., for, Castianeira rubicunda, sp.10aCastianeira rubicunda (Araneae): [Sp nov].10aCayenne10aCayenne].10aChili10aChili].10aChiracanthium10aChiracanthium granadense10aChiracanthium granadense (Araneae).10aChiracanthium molle (Araneae).10aChiracanthium molle [Zoology / / p. 33010aChiracanthium paucalense10aChiracanthium paucalense (Araneae).10aColombia10aColombia].10acoloradensis10aColorado10aCruz, Brazil, and Guiana, Diaea damnosa, p. 114, fig. 63, Mexico, Diaea10aCyboeus varius (Araneae): [Sp nov, sp. n., p. 319, Peru].10aCyclosa punctata (Araneae): [Sp nov, sp. n., p. 312, New Friburg].10aCyrtarachne - Thor. (Araneae): [Systematics].10aCyrtarachne cornigera - Hentz (Araneae): [Systematics, described, from10adescribed and figured10aDiaea10aDiaea damnosa10aDiaea damnosa (Araneae).10aDiaea guianensis - Tacz. (Araneae): [Systematics, p. 112, fig. 62, Sta10aDiaea pallida (Araneae).10aDiaea spinosa10aDiaea spinosa (Araneae).10aDinopis granadentsis (Araneae): [Sp nov, sp. n., p. 343, Colombia].10aduodecim-guttata10aE. Simon10aEpeira10aEpeira alticeps10aEpeira alticeps (Araneae).10aEpeira baltimoriensis10aEpeira baltimoriensis (Araneae).10aEpeira maculata - Keys. (Araneae): [Systematics, described, p. 304].10aEpeira punctillata (Araneae).10aEpeira punctillata [Zoology / / p. 30410aEpeira unanima10aEpeira unanima (Araneae).10aEpeira uniformis10aEpeira uniformis (Araneae).10aEpeira veles10aEpeira veles (Araneae).10aEpeira venustula10aEpeira venustula (Araneae).10aEurysoma scutatum (Arachnida).10aEurysoma scutatum [Zoology / / Perty10aexpositus10afamily, Sicarioidae, p. 268].10afig.10afig. 1010afig. 10910afig. 1110afig. 11010afig. 11210afig. 11310afig. 11410afig. 11610afig. 11710afig. 11810afig. 1210afig. 12010afig. 12210afig. 12310afig. 1310afig. 14810afig. 14910afig. 15010afig. 1610afig. 1710afig. 2110afig. 2210afig. 2310afig. 2410afig. 2510afig. 2610afig. 2710afig. 510afig. 610afig. 710afig. 7410afig. 7510afig. 7610afig. 7810afig. 810afig. 8010afig. 8110afig. 8210afig. 8310afig. 8410afig. 8510afig. 8610afig. 8710afig. 8810afig. 8910aFilistata capitate - Hentz (Araneae): [Systematics, Mississippi].10afor, S.10afrom10aGeorgia10ageorgiana10agracilis, sp. n., p. 341, Peru, [Sp nov]].10agranadense10aHentz10aHeteropoda pumila (Araneae): [Sp nov].10aHeteropoda pumila, sp. n., p. 237, pl. vi. fig. 129, Sta Fe de Bogota].10aHeteropoda venatoria - Linn. (Araneae): [Systematics, Brazil, &c., and,10aHolconia - Thor. (Araneae): [Systematics].10aidentical with, Labdacus, Cambr.], p. 338].10aIllinois10ain the narrower form and in armature of the anterior legs10aL. Koch10aLarinia rubro-guttata (Araneae): [Sp nov, sp. n., p. 314, Peru].10alaticeps10aM. intetritus10amaculatus10amaculosus10amandibularis10aManitou10aMeta10aMeta nigriventris (Araneae).10aMeta triangularis (Araneae).10aMeta triangularis [Zoology / / p. 31510amexicanus10aMonterico10aMount Washington10aN. America10an., p. 335, Colombia, [Sp nov]].10aNevada10aNew Friburg10aNew Orleans, p. 300].10aNew taxa10aNic10anigriventris10anigro-maculatus, p. 230, fig. 126, Mexico, spp. nn.].10aNomenclature10anot 6 only, as stated in the original description [it appears to be10aOxyptila10aOxyptila georgiana10aOxyptila georgiana (Araneae).10aOxyptila nevadensis (Araneae).10aOxyptila nevadensis [Zoology / / p. 5010ap. 14110ap. 14310ap. 14410aP. 14710ap. 14810ap. 15010ap. 15110ap. 15310ap. 15410ap. 15610ap. 15810ap. 15910ap. 16110ap. 16310ap. 20110ap. 20210ap. 20410ap. 20610ap. 210. fig. 11510ap. 21110ap. 21410ap. 21510ap. 21710ap. 21810ap. 22010ap. 22210ap. 22410ap. 23210ap. 26810ap. 27210ap. 27510ap. 293].10ap. 297. For, Taczanowskia striata, p. 298, sp. n., Peru, [Sp nov]].10ap. 30210ap. 30510ap. 30610ap. 30710ap. 30810ap. 31010ap. 31110ap. 31610ap. 32410ap. 32710ap. 33110ap. 33210ap. 5210apallida10aPara10aParaplectana peruana (Araneae): [Sp nov, sp. n., p. 296, Peru].10aPaucal10aPeoria10aPeru10aperuensis10aPhilodromus10aPhilodromus aureolus10aPhilodromus aureolus - Walck. (Araneae): [Systematics].10aPhilodromus clarus10aPhilodromus clarus (Araneae).10aPhilodromus expositus10aPhilodromus expositus (Araneae).10aPhilodromus imbecillus10aPhilodromus imbecillus (Araneae).10aPhilodromus infuscatus10aPhilodromus infuscatus (Araneae).10aPhilodromus laticeps (Araneae).10aPhilodromus prolustris (Araneae).10aPhilodromus prolustris [Zoology / / p. 20910aPhilodromus rufus10aPhilodromus rufus - Walck. (Araneae): [Systematics].10aPhilodromus satullus10aPhilodromus satullus (Araneae).10aPhilodromus spectabilis10aPhilodromus spectabilis (Araneae).10aPhilodromus vulgaris10aPhilodromus vulgaris - Hentz (Araneae): [Systematics].10arenamed, Platyctenus, it is placed in the, Ctenoidae, and has 8 eyes,10arubro-maculatus10aS. gracilis (Araneae): [Sp nov].10aSelenops10aSelenops mexicanus (Araneae).10aSelenops nigromaculatus10aSelenops nigromaculatus (Araneae).10aSelenops spixi - Perty (Araneae): [Systematics, p. 226, fig. 124,10aSenoculus - Tacz. (Araneae): [Systematics10aSenoculus rubro-maculatus (Araneae): [Sp nov, sp. n., p. 339, Peru].10aSinga10aSinga abbreviata (Araneae).10aSinga abbreviata [Zoology / / p. 30110aSinga duodecimguttata10aSinga duodecimguttata (Araneae).10asp. n10aspectabilis10aspinosa, p. 116, fig. 64, Colombia, Diaea pallida, p. 117, fig. 65,10aspp. nn10aspp. nn].10aSta Fe de Bogota10aStenoctenus (Araneae): [Gen nov, g. n., differs from, Senoculus, Tacz.,10astriata10aSystematics10aSystematics, provisionally10aTacz10aTaczanowskia10aTaczanowskia (Araneae): [Gen nov, g. n., Allied to, Cyrtarachne, Thor.,10aTaczanowskia striata (Araneae).10aTetragnatha illinoiensis (Araneae): [Sp nov, sp. n., p. 318, Illinois].10aThanatus10aThanatus chorillensis10aThanatus chorillensis (Araneae).10aThanatus coloradensis10aThanatus coloradensis (Araneae).10aThanatus granadensis (Araneae).10aThanatus granadensis [Zoology / / p. 19910aThanatus maculatus (Araneae).10aThanatus rubicundus10aThanatus rubicundus (Araneae).10aThemeropis granadensis (Araneae): [Sp nov, sp. n., p. 235, Colombia].10aThomisoides10aThomisoides - Nic. (Araneae): [Systematics, included in a separate10aThomisoides gracilis10aThomisoides gracilis (Araneae).10aThomisoides nicoleti (Araneae).10aThomisoides nicoleti [Zoology / / p. 27110aThomisoides peruensis (Araneae).10aThomisoides terrosa10aThomisoides terrosa - Nic (Araneae): [Systematics].10aThor)10aTibellus duttoni - Hentz (Araneae): [Systematics, p. 195, Georgia,10aTibellus oblongus - Walck. (Araneae): [Systematics].10aTibellus oblongus, Walck., p. 196, Mt. Washington and Colorado, and,10aTibellus punctulatus - Tacz. (Araneae): [Systematics].10aTibellus punctulatus, Tacz., p. 197, pl. v. fig. 108, Guiana].10aTmarus10aTmarus albo-lineatus10aTmarus albolineatus10aTmarus albolineatus (Araneae).10aTmarus caudatus10aTmarus caudatus - Hentz (Araneae): [Systematics].10aTmarus coeruleus10aTmarus coeruleus (Araneae).10aTmarus galbanatus10aTmarus galbanatus (Araneae).10aTmarus incertus10aTmarus incertus (Araneae).10aTmarus jelskii10aTmarus jelskii - Tacz. (Araneae): [Systematics].10aTmarus litoralis10aTmarus litoralis (Araneae).10aTmarus maculosus10aTmarus maculosus (Araneae).10aTmarus magniceps10aTmarus magniceps (Araneae).10aTmarus montericensis10aTmarus montericensis (Araneae).10aTmarus rubromaculatus10aTmarus rubromaculatus (Araneae).10aTmarus rubrosignatus10aTmarus rubrosignatus (Araneae).10aTmarus stolzmanni (Araneae).10aTmarus stolzmanni [Zoology / / p. 13810aTmarus tinctus10aTmarus tinctus (Araneae).10aTmarus viridis10aTmarus viridis (Araneae).10aTmarus viridis [Zoology / / ].10aunanima10aUraarachne (Araneae): [Gen nov, g. n., for, Uraarachne longa, sp. n., p.10aUraarachne longa (Araneae): [Sp nov].10aUruguay (included under Isopoda10aUtah10aVoconia (Araneae).10aVoconia [Zoology / / (Holconia10aVoconia maculata10aVoconia maculata (Araneae): [Sp nov].10aWalck10awith10axxxiv. p. 250)].1 aKeyserling, Eugen Graf Von  u<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR0170000001002614nas a2200445   4500008004100000020001400041245018900055210006900244260000900313300001200322490000800334520107300342653002901415653002801444653003901472653002301511653003401534653002701568653003801595653002101633653003201654653001701686653002701703653000901730653003101739653002101770653003201791653001901823653006501842653002401907653002501931653003801956653001501994653002102009653003202030100002002062700002302082700002202105856004102127       1995                        eng d  a0302-766X00aCommon general morphological pattern of peptidergic neurons in the arachnid brain: crustacean cardioactive peptide-immunoreactive neurons in the protocerebrum of seven arachnid species0 aCommon general morphological pattern of peptidergic neurons in t  c1995  a183-1970 v2793 aA polyclonal antiserum raised against crustacean cardioactive peptide labels 14 clusters of immunoreactive neurons in the protocerebrum of the spiders Tegenaria atrica and Nephila clavipes, and the harvestman (opilionid) Rilaena triangularis. In all species, these clusters possess the same number of neurons, and share similar structural and topological characteristics. Two sets of bilateral symmetrical neurons associated with the optic lobes and the arachnid "central body" were analysed in detail, comparing the harvestman R. triangularis and the spiders Brachypelma albopilosa (Theraphosidae), Cupiennius salei (Lycosidae), Tegenaria atrica (Agelenidae), Meta segmentata (Metidae) and Nephila clavipes (Araneidae). Sixteen neurons have been identified that display markedly similar axonal pathways and arborization patterns in all species. These neurons are considered homologues in the opilionid and the araneid brains. We presume that these putative phylogenetically persisting neurons represent part of the general morphological pattern of the arachnid brain.10a[Brain / / Protocerebrum10aArachnida (Arthropoda).10aArachnida [Brain / / Protocerebrum10aAraneus diadematus10aAraneus diadematus (Araneae).10aBrachypelma albopilosa10aBrachypelma albopilosa (Araneae).10aCupiennius salei10aCupiennius salei (Araneae).10adistribution10adistribution pattern].10aMeta10aMeta segmentata (Araneae).10aNephila clavipes10aNephila clavipes (Araneae).10aNervous system10apattern] [Neurons / / Peptidergic neurons in protocerebrum].10apeptidergic neurons10aRilaena triangularis10aRilaena triangularis (Opiliones).10asegmentata10aTegenaria atrica10aTegenaria atrica (Araneae).1 aBreidbach, Olaf1 aDircksen, Heinrich1 aWegerhoff, Rainer  u<Go to ISI>://ZOOREC:ZOOR13100058982